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2014年6月英语四级阅读真题词汇理解(选词填空)题答案及解析

section a
directions: in this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. you are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. read the passage through carefully before making your choices. each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. please mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. you may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
题目一
questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
the fact is, the world has been finding less oil than it has been using for more than twenty years now. not only has demand been __36__, but the oil we have been finding is coming from places that are __37__ to reach. at the same time, more of this newly __38__ oil is of the type that requires a greater investment to __39__. and because demand for this precious resource will grow, according to some, by over 40 percent by 2025, fueling the world’s economic __40__ will take a lot more energy from every possible source.
the energy industry needs to get more from existing fields while continuing to search for new __41__. automakers must continue to improve fuel efficiency and perfect hybrid(混合动力的)vehicles. technological improvements are needed so that wind, solar and hydrogen can be more __42__ parts of the energy equation. governments need to formulate energy policies that promote __43__ and environmentally sound development. consumers must be willing to pay for some of these solutions, while practicing conservation efforts of their own.
inaction is not an __44__. so let’s work together to balance this equation. we are taking some of the __45__ needed to get started, but we need your help to go the rest of the way.

a)consequently i) feasible
b) cultivate j) growth
c) declining k) option
d) derived l) refine
e) difficult m) reserves
f) discoveredn) soaring
g) economically o) steps
h) exception

36.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空所在句式在用进行时表示目前石油需求的变化,该空需要动词ing形式。备选的有declining(下降)和soaring(猛增)。注意前句提到世界上找到的石油越来越少,可推知本文探讨的应该是石油供应不足的现象,那么石油的需求应当是上升的。因此选soaring。

37.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空是表语,且是在描述石油的来源地的特征,应当需要形容词。考虑到前句已经提到石油供应不足,那么这里应当描述的也是消极的现状,即石油来源地也很难接近,difficult无论词性还是意思上都很满足。

38.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空是形容词在形容石油,空前的newly提示了这里所描述的石油应当是和前文提到的已经找到(find)的石油相对比。因此这里提到的应当是新找到的石油,discovered分词作为形容词使用,意思上也很合理。

39.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空位于不定式中,因此需要动词原形。备选的有cultivate(培养)和refine(提炼)。注意到本不定式是在描述新开发的石油所需要进行的工序,能构成合理意思的只有refine。refine the oil意为“炼油”。

40.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空被形容词economic修饰,需要名词。备选的有exception(例外)、growth(增长)、option(选择)reserves(储备)和steps(步骤)。能与economic构成合理搭配的只有growth,这里表示“世界经济的增长”。

41.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空被形容词new修饰,且在介词for后,需要名词。备选的有exception(例外)、option(选择)reserves(储备)和steps(步骤)。注意本句提到的是能源行业需要持续搜索的东西,能构成合理意思的只有reserves,意为需要只需寻找“新的能源储备”。

42.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空修饰名词parts,且空前有more,因此需要形容词。备选的还有declining(下降的)和feasible(可行的)。本句描述的是风能、太阳能、氢能等,根据文章话题,明显是希望这些新能源发挥更大作用,因此这里不可能选declining。feasible在这里构成的意思是“能源方程中更合理的部分”,即更合理的解决方案。

43.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空与空后的environmentally用and构成了并列,可知需要副词。备选的有consequently(因此)与economically(经济上)。其中能与environmentally(环境上)含义上构成并列的只有economically。

44. k) option
2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:空前的an提示本空需要名词,且必须是可数名词单数。备选的有exception(例外)和option(选择)。句首的inaction意为“不作为”,因此能构成合理意思的只有option。本句意思是“无所作为不是一个选择”,即我们决不能不采取行动。

45.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:空前的the提示本空需要名词,且some提示本空需要名词复数。符合条件的只有steps(步骤)。take steps意为“采取措施“。

题目二
global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice__36___away,however , we have already reached temperatures that are in __37__with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. we are __38__to a predicted worldwide in increase in temperatures__39__betweem 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years. the warming will be more__40__in some areas, less in other, and some places may even cool off. likewise, the __41__of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while siberia and northern canada may become more habitable(宜居的)and __42__for humans than these areas are now.
the fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__, everywhere. scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. some scientists___44__that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random(无规律的)variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__45___--but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.

a) appealing    i) melted
b) average    j) persist
c) contributing   k) ranging
d) dramatic   l) recently
e) frequently   m) resolved
f) impact    n) sensible
g) line      o) shock
h) maintain

36.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空是谓语,需要动词,且空前并列成分谓语用的是过去式ended,因此需要过去式。备选的有melted(融化)和resolved(决心),能与空前ice构成合理意思、且与空后away构成搭配的只有melted,表示“冰川融化”。

37.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空空前是介词,因此需要名词性成分,且要考虑与空后的with构成搭配。符合要求的只有line(in line with,与……一致)。意思是我们已经接近“与其他最小冰川期时一致的温度”。

38.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:前句用完成时表示已经达到的状态,本句we are描述的则是正在发生的过程,需要动词的ing形式,且要考虑与空后的介词to构成搭配。备选的有appealing to(呼吁、上诉)、contributing to(促成、导致),ranging后不直接与介词to构成搭配。意思合理的只有contributing,为“我们正促成世界范围内气温的升高”。

39.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空引领的是temperature的后置定语,需要动词分词。备选的有appealing(呼吁、上诉)、ranging(范围在……)和resolved(决心)。空后的between 1℃ and 6 ℃明显是范围区间,因此ranging合乎语义。range between/from a and b为常用搭配。

40.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空作为表语,且空前有more,提示了本空需要形容词。备选的有appealing(有吸引力的)、dramatic(戏剧性的、突发的)和sensible(明智的)。这里描述的是气候变化的效果,因此dramatic意思更合适,意为“某些地方的气候变化会更加戏剧化”。后半句提到的有些地方可能cool off(变冷)也是暗示气候变化的突发及剧烈。

41.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:空前的the暗示本空需要名词。备选的有average(平均)、impact(影响)和shock(震惊)。impact和shock都能用于与warming构成搭配,但后面提到的different depending on where you are提示了本空应当是一个较为宽泛的概念,故impact更合适,意为“气候变暖的影响因所在地不同而不同”。

42.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:空前的and提示了本空与and前的habitable(宜居的)同词性且义相近。因此本空需要形容词,备选的有appealing(有吸引力的)和sensible(明智的)。意思上与habitable更能并列、描述本句所说的siberia and northern canada的影视appealing,表示“西伯利亚和加拿大北部可能会变得更宜居、更吸引人”。

43.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:空前介词on提示了本空需要名词性成分与之构成搭配。备选的有average(平均)和shock(震惊)。这里意思更合理的是average,且on average是固定搭配“平均地”。

44.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空需要谓语,且前句所用为一般现在时,考虑到本句主语为复数scientists,因此本空需要动词原形。备选的有maintain(维持、坚称)、persist(坚持)和shock(震惊)。但persist为不及物动词,而本空后有宾语从句;shock意思不合适是且一般后面接人。因此只能选maintain。意为“有些科学家坚称……”。

45.

answer 答案

2014年6月英语四级选词填空答案解析:本空所在句不缺其它成分,本空需要副词。备选的又frequently(频繁地)和recently(最近)。空前提到科学家认为气候变化无规律,有些年冷、有些年热(some years are cold, others warm)。本空所在的we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years应当是顺着科学家的观点而来,解释我们现在所处的正好是偏热的年份期。因此本空用recently强调当下更佳。若选frequently表示“我们频繁处在偏热的年份”,则与科学家所持的气温冷热无规律交替的观点不相符合。