a: i’m taking part in a march against racism.
b: great, i hope that it helps the various different nationalities in the country.
racism
n.1.种族歧视，种族偏见; 2.种族主义
a: would you like to have a game of tennis?
b: i’d love to, but i don’t have a racket.
racket
n.1.喧嚷，吵闹; 2.敲诈，勒索，诈骗; 3.（网球等的）球拍
a: you look radiant tonight.
b: thanks for the compliment.
radiant
a.1.容光焕发的，喜形于色的; 2.光芒四射的，光辉灿烂的; 3.辐射的
a: wow, the weather was hot today.
b: yes, the sun radiated great heat.
radiate
v.1.发出（光或热），辐射; 2.流露，显示
a: i heard that radioactive waste was dumped into the sea.
b: i know, isn’t it shocking?
radioactive
a.放射性的，有辐射能的
a: i want to rent a house within two mile radius of my workplace.
b: that is a sensible decision.
radius
n.1.半径，半径范围; 2.周围，范围
a: did you buy a new computer?
b: no, i won it in a raffle.
raffle
n.对奖售物，抽彩
vt.(off)用对奖办法出售
a: how did you travel down the river?
b: we built a raft and floated down it.
raft
n.1.木排，木筏; 2.充气救生筏，救生圈
vt.用筏子运送
vi.乘筏子渡河
a: did you climb to the top of the mountain?
b: no, the cliffs were too ragged and dangerous to climb.
ragged
a.1.（衣服）破旧的，褴褛的; 2.衣衫褴褛的; 3.不规则的，参差不齐的，凸凹不平的;
4.粗糙的，不完善的，差劲的
a: i want to do some gardening, did you see the rake?
b: yes, it is in the garage.
rake
n.1.耙，草耙，钉齿耙; 2.斜度，倾角
vi.1.耙 ; 2.搜索，核查
vt.1.耙集，耙平，耙松; 2.扫射，扫过
rake in
大量敛集（钱财）
rake up
1.耙集，集拢，耙开，扒开; 2.翻出（旧事等）重提
a: i am constructing a ramp to avoid the steps up to my building.
b: good, that will take it accessible to wheelchairs.
ramp
n.1.斜面，坡道; 2.活动舷梯，轻便梯
a: the rats are rampant on my farm.
b: why don’t you get a cat to kill them?
rampant
a.1.（犯罪、疾病等）猖獗的，肆虐的; 2.（植物）蔓生的，过于繁茂的
a: how many horses do you have on your ranch?
b: oh, i have both trained and wild horses, but i’m not sure how many.
ranch
n.1.大牧场; 2.饲养场
a: you were lucky to get into this university.
b: i was indeed lucky, i chose it at random.
random
a.任意的，随机的
at random
随便的，任意的
a: do you enjoy being a park ranger?
b: oh yes, i love the outdoors.
ranger
n.1.国家公园管理员，护林员; 2.骑兵巡逻队员
a: my boss was kidnapped!
b: was he held for ransom?
ransom
n.赎金
vt.赎出，赎回
hold sb to ransom
掳某人索赎，要挟某人
a: can you make a song out of your poem?
b: no, but i could try to rap it.
rap
vt.1.（轻而快地）敲击，急敲; 2.(out)突然厉声说出; 3.责备，训斥
n.（轻快的）敲击（声），急敲（声）
a: for what offence was the criminal convicted?
b: he was convicted for two counts of rape.
rape
vt./n.****
a: i didn’t realize that you were going to move house.
b: i didn’t either until yesterday, it was a rash decision.
rash
a.轻率的，鲁莽的
n.1.疹，皮疹; 2.（短时期内）爆发的一连串
a: has the government ratified the international treaty?
b: not yet, they are still consulting with other nations about it.
ratify
vt.正式批准，使正式生效，认可
a: my novel made it into the top ten books of the year.
b: well done, that is an excellent rating.
rating
n.1.等级，品级，评定结果; 2.[pl.]（电视节目的）收视率，（广播节目的）收听率
a: would you like another cup of coffee?
b: no thanks, i’ve had my ration for the day.
ration
n.1.配给量，定量; 2.[常pl.]给养，口粮
vt.配给供应，定量供应
a: the car rattles every time we drive over a bump.
b: perhaps you should get it fixed.
rattle
vi.1.发格格声，发连续短促的尖叫声; 2.飞奔，咯嚓咯嚓地行进
vt.1.使碰撞作响，使发出连续短促的尖叫声 ; 2.使窘迫不安，激怒，使恐惧惊慌
n.1.连续短促的尖叫声，碰撞声; 2.连续发声的玩具，拨浪鼓
rattle off
飞快地说出
rattle on
1.飞奔; 2.喋喋不休地讲话
a: michael simply raved about this film.
b: i don’t know why, i think it is terrible.
rave
vi.1.胡言乱语，说胡话; 2.(about)极力赞美
a.赞扬（性）的
a: why didn’t you shave today?
b: i ran out of razors.
razor
n.剃刀
a: you have a good crop of this year.
b: yes, we reaped a good one alright.
reap
vt.1.收割，收获
2.获得，得到
a: please don’t forget to give me back my book.
b: i reassure you again, i’ll have it back to you by the end of the week.
reassure
vt.向……再保证，使消除疑虑，使放心
a: did you hear about the rebellion in the congo?
b: no, what were the rebels fighting against?
rebellion
n.反叛，反抗
a: my father rebuked me for breaking window.
b: well, he has every right to be upset.
rebuke
n.指责，训斥
a: do you remember my tenth birthday?
b: i’m sorry, the occasion seems to have receded from my memory.
recede
vi.1.退，退去，渐渐远去; 2.向后倾斜，缩进
a: the students at the lecture were very attentive.
b: yes, they are always receptive to new ideas.
receptive
a.（对知识、思想等）接受能力强的，能迅速接受的
a: what time is your recess at?
b: we have lunch at 12:30 every day.
recess
n.1.（工作等）暂停，休息，休庭; 2.课间休息 ; 3.凹处，凹室，壁龛; 4.[常pl.]深处，幽深处，隐秘处
vi.暂停，休会，休庭
a: this cake is fantastic. can i have the recipe?
b: i’m sorry, the ingredients are a secret
recipe
n.1.烹饪法，食谱
2.方法，秘诀，诀窍
a: elaine was one of the top students in the university.
b: yes, i heard that she was the recipient of the “student of the year” award.
recipient
n.接受者，接收者
a: mr. clancy highly respects you.
b: well, we have reciprocal respect for each other, i think he is a wonderful man.
reciprocal
a.相互的，互惠的
a: can you recite any poems form your memory?
b: i wish that i could, but i have a terrible memory.
recite
vt.1.背诵，朗诵; 2.列举，一一说出
vi.背诵，朗诵
a: tim is a reckless and dangerous driver.
b: i know, i keep telling him that he will have an accident one day.
reckless
a.鲁莽的，草率的，不考虑后果的
a: most of holland is reclaimed from the sea.
b: yes, that is why they are so worried about flooding.
reclaim
vt.1.改正，改造; 2.开垦（荒地），开拓; 3.回收;4.要求（或主张）收回，要求（或主张）恢复
a: are you and mary friends again?
b: yes, we reconciled our differences.
reconcile
vt.1.使协调; 2.使和解; 3.(to)使顺从（于），使甘心（于）
a: have they reached reconciliation yet?
b: no, they are still fighting over the terms of their relationship.
reconciliation
n.和解，调和
a: how many sides does a rectangle have?
b: four, sir.
rectangle
n.长方形，矩形
a: car you describe you bedroom to me?
b: well, it is rectangular in shape and is painted bright yellow.
rectangular
a.长方形的，矩形的
a: dad, i’ve made a serious mistake.
b: don’t worry, i’m sure we can rectify the situation.
rectify
vt.纠正，修复
a: doctor, i have a recurring dream.
b: do you mean that you have the same dream every night?
recur
vi.再发生，重现
a: please don’t put the paper in the rubbish bin, i will recycle it.
b: oh, of course, it is a good idea to use it again.
recycle
vt.回收利用（废物等）
a: i sold you watch.
b: oh no, i want it back, can it be redeemed?
redeem
vt.1.弥补，补偿，抵消
2.解救，救赎
3.(oneself)使免咎，挽回声誉
4.履行，遵守（诺言）
5.将（股票、债券等）兑取现金
6.赎回（抵押品）
a: i have some bad news, i was made redundant.
b: oh no, why did you lose your job?
redundant
a.1.（因人员过剩而）被解雇的; 2.多余的，过剩的
a: we were fishing, but our boat got caught in some reeds.
b: how did you manage to get out of them?
reed
n.1.芦苇，芦丛
2.簧舌，簧片
a: i would love to go diving off the coast of australia.
b: me too, i have heard that the reefs are incredible.
reef
n.礁，暗礁
a: did you catch any fish?
b: no, i had one, but it was so heavy it broke my reel.
reel
n.卷轴，卷筒，卷盘
vi.1.摇摇晃晃地移动，蹒跚; 2.眩晕，发昏
vt. (in,up)卷，绕
reel off
一口气说，重复
a: that was a foul.
b: no, is wasn’t. where is the referee? he’ll decide.
referee
n.1.裁判员; 2.证明人，推荐人 ; 3.仲裁者，调解者
v.当裁判
a: do you know all the words to the song?
b: not all of them, only the refrain.
refrain
vt.(from)抑制，克制，戒除
n.（诗歌的）叠句，副歌
a: will there be any refreshments at the party?
b: i am sure that there will at least be some drinks.
refreshment
n.1.[pl.]茶点，点心 ; 2.（精力的）恢复，精神爽快
a: did you find a place to sleep for the night in the mountains?
b: yes, we found refuge in a cave.
refuge
n.庇护所，避难处，庇护
a: my new coat does not fit me.
b: will you be able to get a refund if you take it back to the shop?
refund
n.退款
vt.退还（钱款）
a: during the debate he refuted all of my arguments.
b: i hope that you also proved some of his arguments were wrong.
refute
vt.驳斥，驳倒
a: what’s their form of government?
b: it is a military regime.
regime
n.政治制度，政权
a: there is a new regiment of army troops in the city.
b: oh, where are they based?
regiment
n.1.（军队的）团 ; 2.大量
vt.严格地管制，严密地编组
a: mathew rehabilitated quickly following the accident.
b: yes, he made a speedy recovery.
rehabilitate
vt.1.改造（罪犯等），使恢复正常生活; 2.使恢复原状，修复 ; 3.恢复……的名誉
a: is this the opening night of your performance?
b: no, it is just the final rehearsal.
rehearsal
n.排练，排演
a: how long has the king reigned?
b: perhaps he has been the king for too long!
reign
n.君主的统治，君主统治时期
vi.1.当政，统治 ; 2.占主导地位
a: i lost control of the horse.
b: what happened? did you let go of the reins?
rein
n.缰绳
vt.勒缰使（马）停步
rein in
严格控制，严加管束
give (free) rein to
对……不加约束，放任，给……充分自由
a: my wife just gave birth to a baby boy.
b: rejoice! that is great news.
rejoice
vi.感到高兴，充满喜悦
a: i dropped the baton during the relay race.
b: it’s ok, your team members caught up quickly.
relay
n.1.接力赛 ; 2.中继转播（设备）
vt.1.传送，传达，转述; 2.中继转播
a: did you get promoted to a higher position in the army?
b: no, i was actually relegated to a lower rank.
relegate
vt.使降级，使降职
a: my efforts as a mother are relentless.
b: yes, you never get a break.
relentless
a.残酷的，不留情的，无怜悯心的
a: my car is always breaking down.
b: that make of car is not known for its reliance.
reliance
n.依靠，依赖