英语六级阅读部分高频语法
3-2：名词性从句真题难句荟萃
宾语从句
1.rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists,this latest drama is a trial for how today's parents perceive risk,how we try to keep our kids safe---whether it's possible to keep them safe--in what feels like an increasingly threatening world.(09.12 passage 1)
分析：主干：...this(latest)drama is a trial(for...)
①rather than...“而不是”，后接名词或动名词。episode有多个修饰语：another,weird,in the town,以及定语从句that...。protesting是现在分词，作定语，修饰brought的直接宾语environmentalists.②a trial for...之后有两个并列的how引导的名词性从句作介词for的宾语。破折号之间的插入语，是让步状语，破折号之后的in+what引导的名词从句，作地点状语，都修饰try to keep our kids safe.
译文：最近的这场戏与其说只是城市里上演的又一段带来环境保护主义抗议者的怪异的插曲，还不如说是一场测试，考验今天的父母们如何察觉危险、如何在这样一个感觉越来越充满风险的世界努力保护孩子的安全-----不过，我们不知道是否还能保护孩子们的安全。
2.but as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail,we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation,about how to ensure that people,once outsiders,don't forever remain marginalized within these shores.(08.12 passage 2)
分析：主干：...we also ought to ask some...questions(about...)
①as引导时间状语从句；heat up“加剧，激化”，the campaign trail“竞选活动”：关于移民问题的争论使况选活动更白热化。②主句中的两个about短语是同位成分，都作questions的后置定语；后一个about的宾语是带疑问句词how的不定式；不定式to ensure的宾语是that引导的从句。
译文：在总统竞选活动中，移民问题又再次升温，我们应该问些更广泛的有关“同化”的问题，即如何保证这些过去的局外人不会在这个国度永远处于边缘地位。
3.like most people,i've long understood that i will be judged by my occupation,that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented i am.(07.12 passage 1)
分析：主干：...i've understood(that i will be judged...)(that my profession is a gauge...)understood带了两个宾语，都是that引导的从句。前一个从句用了被动语态；后一个从句的表语是a gauge,其后有个省了关系词的定语从句修饰；在该定语从句中，to see作谓语动词use的目的状语；see本身又带一个how引导的宾语从句。
译文：像大多数人一样，我很久以前就明白，人们会根据我的职业来评价我，我的职业会成为人们衡量我有多聪明或多有才华的标准。
主语从句
4.it's no secret that there's a lot to put up with when waiting tables,and fortunately,much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips.(07.12 passage 1)
分析：主干：it's no secret that...and...much...can be(easily)forgotten...
①本句由两个and并列连接的分句构成。②前一个分句的it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；该主语从句是there be句型，用了a lot作主语，不定式to put up with(忍受，忍耐）作定语，修饰a lot，带疑问词when的现在分词短语waiting tables作put up的状语。③后一个分句用了被动语态，带有一个when引导的时间状语从句。pocket在句中作动词，表示“把……放入袋中”。
译文：做餐馆招待得忍耐许多事情，这不是什么秘密。好在有小费入帐的时候，你会很容易忘掉许多不愉快的事情。
表语从句
5.that's why i've rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer-causing substance,but although i've lived blocks from a major fault line for more than 12 years,i still haven't bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.(09.12 passage 1)
分析：主干：that's why...
①why引导的表语从句中，含两个表示转折的由but连接的分句。②前一个分句的主干是i've rid my cupboard of...,用了rid... of...的结构，of的宾语是个带复杂修饰语的名词词组，中心词是food,packed in...修饰food,coated with...修饰bags。③后一个分句是个主从复合句，although引导让步状语从句。
译文：正是这个原因，我才把橱柜时些微波食品清除掉了，这些食品的包装袋上涂有一种可能致癌的物质；但是尽管我在一个大型地质断层带附近生活了12年多，我却仍然没有把书架固定到客厅的墙上。
6.no,what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the united states because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.(07.12 passage 2)
分析：主干：...what they fear... was that(the...challenges...will be more difficult...)
①句中有3个名词性从句：句首what引导主语从句；was后的that引导表语从句（直至句末），句末处what引导的从句作because of的宾语。②that从句的主语是个以challenges为中心词的名词词组，含有复杂的修饰部分：“of+动名词sustaining”作challenges的后置定语；for...integration则修饰support。
译文：他们担心的是，由于收入分配不均、经济不稳定，继续支持全球经济一体化的政治挑战将会在美国变得更加处境艰难。
同位语从句
7.many europeans now apparently view the u.s. the way many americans view mexico-as a cheap place to vacation,shop and party,all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can't afford to join the merrymaking.(08.6 passage 1)
分析：主干：many europeans... view the u.s...(the way...)
①本句带两个状语。②一个是the way...后面带定语从句，表示view的方式；破折号后的内容as...and party是介词短语，作view的宾语的补足语，一起表示“把……看做……”。③另一个状语是all while ignoring...，表示欧洲人在看待(view)美国时所伴随的动作；ignoring的宾语是fact,后面带有一个that引导的同位语从句。
译文：现在许多欧洲人明显把美国看成-----正如许多美国人对墨西哥的看法-----一个便宜的度假、购物和开派对的地方。不过所有这些人都没有注意到，比较贫穷的当地人参与不起这些狂欢。
8.in some instances,it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men,but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be“masculine.”(07.6 passage 2)
分析：主干：...it may be a sign(that...)but that is very different(from...)
sign后的that从句是sign的同位语，说明sign具体内容。but后面的分句和前一个分句有转折关系；后面分句中的that从句是saying的宾语。
译文：有时候，它或许意味着女性想获得和男孩、男人一样的权威，不过这和说她们想“男性化”还是有很大差别的。