directions：
part one listening comprehension (20 minutes)(略) part two reading comprehension (35 minutes) directions: there are 4 reading passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b), c)and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.
passage 1
good sense is the most equitably distributed thing in the world, for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than the y have already. it is not likely that everyone is mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason, is by nature equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because some men are better endowed with reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. the greatest souls are cap able of the greatest vices; and those who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray. for my part, i have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in an y way; i have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men. and i know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, in as much as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts, i am quite willing to believe that it is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, of the individuals of a single species.
21. according to the author, the three elements that comprise our mind are_____.
a tenacity of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mind
b precise of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thought
c quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thought
d promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness of thought
22. the basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows .
a all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are born
b great souls are capable of great evil
c good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called co mmon sense
d good sense is the mark of the truly good person
23. about himself, the author states that ______.
a he had always sensed his mental superiority over most persons
b his awareness of his mental superiority over others was something that g rew slowly with experience
c he actually regards his own mental faculties as inferior in many ways to those of the great majority of persons
d he has never had the feeling that his mind was more than average in any way
24. the author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is_____.
a a sense of organization combined with the ability to create
b the ability to adapt to the surroundings
c a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicality
d a sense of reason
25. according to the author the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is _____.
a endowed by nature to all creatures
b endowed in equal measure to all persons
c more heavily present in some persons than in others
d an unnatural, cultivated trait in all persons
26. what is the best title for the passage?
a the inherentweaknesses of the price system.
b the complexities of the price system.
ccredit terms in transactions.
d resource allocation and the publicsector.
27. according to the passage, the price system is relatedprimarily to_____.
a labor and education
b transportation and insurance
cutilities and repairs
d products and services
28. according to the passage, which of the following is not afactor in the complete understanding of price?
a instructions that comewith a product.
b the quantity of a product.
c the quality of a product.
dwarrenties that cover a product.
29. in the last sentence of the passage,“they”refers to_____ .
a return privileges b all the factors c buyer and seller d money
30. the paragraph following the passage most likely discusses_____.
a unusual ways to advertise products
b types of payment plans forservice
c theories about how products affect different levels ofsociety
d how certain elements of a price“package”influence its marketvalue
in the past oysters were raised in much the same way as dirtfarmers raised tomatoes—by transplanting them. first, farmers selectedthe oyster bed, cleared the bottom of old shells and other debris , andthen scattered clean shells about. next they“planted”fertilized oystereggs, which within two or three weeks hatched into larvae. the larvaedrifted until they attached themselves to the clean shells on thebottom. there they remained and in time grew into baby oysters calledseed or spat . the spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from whichthey derived microscopic particles of food. before long, farmersgathered the baby oysters, transplanted them in other waters to speedup their growth, and then transplanted them once more into another bodyof water to fatten t hem up.until recently the supply of wild oystersand those crudely farmed were more than enough to satisfy people'sneeds. but today the delectable seafood is no longer available inabundance. the problem has become so serious that some oyster bed shave vanished entirely.fortunately, as far back as the early 1900'smarine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysterswould become extinct or at best a luxury food. so they set up wellequipped hatcheries and went to work. but they did not have the properequipment or the skill to handle the eggs. they did not know when,what, and how to feed the larvae. and they knew little about thepredators t hat attacked and ate baby oysters by the millions. theyfailed, but they doggedly kept at it. finally, in the 1940's asignificant breakthrough was made.the marine biologists discovered thatby raising the temperature of the water, t hey could induce oysters tospawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, winter, and spring.later they developed a technique for feeding the larva e and rearingthem to spat. going still further, they succeeded in breeding new strains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, andflourished in water of different salinities and temperatures. inaddition, the cultivated oysters tasted better!
31. which of the following would be the best title for thepassage?
a the threatened extinction of marine life
b the cultivation ofoysters
c the discoveries made by marine biologists
d the varieties ofwild oysters
32. in the passage, which of the following is not mentioned as a stage of a n oyster's life?
a debris b egg c larvae d spat
33. according to the passage, which of the following words bestdescribes t he efforts of themarine biologists working with oysters?
apersistent. b intermittent. c traditional. d fruitless.
34. in the passage, the author mentions that the new strains ofoyster are______ .
a cheaper b shaped differently c better textured dhealthier
35. which of the following best describes the organization of thepassage?
a step by step description of the evolution of marine biology.
bdiscussion of chronological events concerning oyster production.
crandom presentation of facts about oysters.
d description of oysterproduction at different geographic locations.
chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientificrevolution in t he seventeenth century and then only rather slowly andlaboriously. but chemical knowledge is as old as history, being almostentirely concerned with the practical arts of living. cooking isessentially a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and theadministration of drugs and potions. this basic chemical know ledge,which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was neverthelessdependent on previous experiment. it also served to stimulate afundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. new informationwas always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain betterresults.the development of a scientific approach to chemistry was,however, hampered by several factors. the most serious problem was thevast range of material available and the consequent difficulty oforganizing it into some system. in addition, there were social andintellectual difficulties, chemistry is nothing if not practical; thosewho practice it must use their hands, they must have a certainpractical flair. yet in many ancient civilizations, practical taskswere primarily the province of a slave population. the thinker orphilosopher stood apart from this mundane world, where the practicalarts appeared to lack any intellectual content or interest.the finalproblem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy. expertsin specific trades had developed their own techniques and guarded theirknowledge to prevent others from stealing their livelihood. anotherfactor that contributed to secrecy was the esoteric nature of theknowledge of alchemists, who were trying to transform base metals intogold or were concerned with the hunt for t he elixir that would bestowthe blessing of eternal life. in one sense, the second of these was themore serious impediment because the records of the chemical processesthat early alchemists had discovered were often written down insymbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that werepurposely obscure.
36. what is the passage mainly about?
a the scientific revolutionin the seventeenth century
b reasons that chemistry developed slowly asa science
c the practical aspects of chemistry
d difficulties oforganizing knowledge systematically
37. according to the passage, how did knowledge about chemicalprocesses in crease before the seventeenth century?
a philosophersdevised theories about chemical properties.
b a special symboliclanguage was developed.
c experience led workers to revise theirtechniques.
d experts shared their discoveries with the public.
38. the word“hampered" in line 1 para 2 is closest in meaning to_____ .
a recognized b determined c solved d hindered
39. the word“it" in line 3 para 2 refers to which of the following?
a problem b material c difficulty d system
40. which of the following statements best explains why“the secondof the se was the more serious impediment" (lines 5-6 para 3 )?
achemical knowledge was limited to a small number of people.
b thesymbolic language used was very imprecise.
c very few new discoverieswere made by alchemists.
d the records of the chemical processes werenot based on experiments.
41. united states citizens are now enjoying better dental health,as shown by the declining _____of tooth decay.
a occurrenceb treatmentcconsequenced misfortune
42. since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to hisparty, the politician tried to _____the question.
a evade b deludecsecluded invade
43. prof robert durig's reputation has been greatly _____by thesuccess of his new published book“living in the paradise".
a heightenedbenlargedc multipliedd enhanced
44. the chair was a moveable wonder, he loved the feeling of powerand strength it gave him for so little_____ .
a effortsb challengecexertiond exchange
45. she was _____her brains to remember the man's time, but herbad mem ory failed her.
a hittingb beating c rackingd exhausting
46. he is trying to take out a _____for his newly designed airplane en gines.
a loanb precautionc patentd propaganda
47. the people put up their right hands to _____that they agree with th e speaker.
a signifyb attainc expressd undertake
48. any electric products sold in this famous department storewill be _____for one year.
a protectedb guaranteedc ensuredd assured
49. reading became difficult for the old lady, so the optician_____her a pair of glasses to make her reading possible.
a subscribedbinscribedc prescribedd described
50. the family was too _____to evacuate the house when the flood began.
a obstinateb sturdyc determinedd optical
51. on this test-track, the makers deliberately _____standardproducti on cars to rough treatment.
a undergo b subdue c subjectdtreat
52. the applicants to american universities will be judged without______as to race, color, or breed.
a referenceb objectioncdiscriminationd specialty
53. after the long illness my mother was too ______to climb the steps.
a fatalb feeblec humbled relaxed
54. the child was on the _____of tears when his mother asked him what had happened to him.
a vergeb borderc margind rim
55. on the front page, he _____his book to his director, mr. johnson.
a dedicatedb presentedc devotedd offered
56. if you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will ______.
a degradeb degeneratec exhaustd deteriorate
57. what he is reading is a quarterly containing ____of doctoraltheses in progress.
a abridgementsb outlinesc abstractsd synopses
58. a firm which dismisses an employee on the grounds ofredundancy is obliged to _____him for loss of employment.
a compensatebcompactc compeld compliment
59. robert and tom are not on speaking terms now after a quarrellast week. what can we do to bring about a _____between them?
areservationb refreshmentc regimentd reconciliation
60. the group of dancers had rehearsed the dance until theirmovements we re absolutely _____.
a simultaneousb sensitivec singulardfigurative
61. there is no electricity in my apartment again. has the_____ blow then?
a fuseb wirec plugd circuit
62. during the business intervals, customers appreciate theguesting room s which are full of pictures and other beautiful_____ .
aimitationsb illustrationsc ornamentsd implementations
63. his long and loyal service with the company was ______with apresent from the president.
a admittedb acknowledgedc accomplisheddaccepted
64. the psychiatrists were debating if the accused man was_____enough to stand trial.
a. sensibleb. rationalc. reasonabled.reciprocal
65. a good teacher must know how to his ideas to _____thestudents, as generally agreed by educational experts.
a displaybtransmitc conveyd illuminate
66. the _____of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logicalconsequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.
aimplementationb expeditionc demonstrationd manifestation
67. despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____standards.
a equivalentb uniformc exactd alike
68. he has done stupid things before, but to look for the escapinggas wi th a match really was the _____silliness.
a triumphantbunanimousc triviald ultimate
69. it will be safer to walk the streets because people will notneed to carry large amounts of cash, virtually all financial____ willbe conducted by computer.
a transmissionsb transitionsc transactionsdtraffic kings
70. many people emigrated to america because of being _____fortheir political or religious belief.
a prosecutedb persecutedcimprisonedd executed
traditional marriage in britain is currently in a disturbance. notonly is the divorce rate rising, 71 the rate at which people marry isfalling. living together is more popular than 72 before. the shape ofthe family is now no longer one man, one woman and their children.instead, there are 73numbers of families which include step-parents,half sisters and brothers, or merely one lonely parent coping 74 herown.
compared with other countries, britain is still conservative inits marriage pat terns. in america, the divorce rate is 75 moreshocking. two ou t of five marriages 76 divorce. in sweden livingtogether is now more popular than marriage among couples in their earlytwenties and a similar 77 seems to be emerging in denmark.
although this is happening on a smaller 78 in britain, it has notyet become such a marked trend. but 79 we do follow the american andscandinavian patterns, the 80 will see many more couples livingtogether before marriage-and even more divorce.
interestingly enough, it is women 81men who get a divorce in thecourts. seven out of ten divorces are 82 to the wife. divorce, ofcourse, only reflects the 83 winding up of a marriage which may have 84broken up long before. the partner who asks for divorce may not be thepartner who 85 the marriage. women usually have more to gain from thecourts in the way of money, rights 86 the home, and child maintenance .87 there is also a certain unequal proportion in one of the g roundsthat the sexes choose for divorce. the grounds 88 unreasonable or cruelbehavior are overwhelming, chosen by ten 89 more women t h an men. doesthis mean that women will 90 less than they used to?
71.
［a］and
［b］but
［c］however
［d］yet
72.
［a］ever
［b］never
［c］much
［d］none
73.
decreasing
［b］growing
［c］diminishing
［d］enlarging
74.
［a］with
［b］on
［c］through
［d］by
75.
［a］still
［b］even
［c］rather
［d］ever
76.
［a］end in
［b］break in
［c］separate in
［d］slip in
77.
［a］figure
［b］form
［c］model
［d］patter
78.
［a］range
［b］size
［c］scale
［d］number
79.
［a］unless
［b］if
［c］when
［d］while
80.
［a］result
［b］consequence
［c］future
［d］family
81.
［a］other than
［b］rather than
［c］apart from
［d］except for
82.
［a］granted
［b］judged
［c］sentenced
［d］given
83.
［a］lawful
［b］legal
［c］justifiable
［d］sociable
84.
［a］efficiently
［b］factually
［c］effectively
［d］indefinitely
85.
［a］broke up
［b］cause up
［c］call up
［d］burst up
86.
［a］to
［b］for
［c］with
［d］on
87.
［a］while
［b］therefore
［c］so
［d］but
88.
［a］on
［b］that
［c］of
［d］which
89.
［a］ratios
［b］times
［c］rates
［d］volumes
90.
［a］put up with
［b］stand up with
［c］come up with
［d］take up with
part v writing (30 minutes)
directions:for this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write acomposition on the topic :cooperation and competition. you should writeat least 120 words and you should base your composition o n the outline(given in chinese )below:cooperation andcompetition1.现代社会合作与竞争并存2.有人认为竞争比合作更为重要3.你的观点
答案：
21.d 22.c 23.d 24.d 25.b 26.b 27.d 28.a 29.c 30.d 31.b 32.a 33.a34.d 35.b 36.b 37.c 38.d 39.b 40.a 41.a 42.a 43.d 44.c 45.c 46.c 47.a48.b 49.c 50.a 51.c 52.c 53.b 54.e 55.a 56.d 57.c 58.a 59.d 60.a 61.a62.b 63.b 64.a 65.c 66.d 67.a 68.d 69.c 70.b 71.b 72.a 73.b 74.d 75.b76.a 77.d 78.c 79.b 80.c 81.b 82.a 83.b 84.c 85.a 86.a 87.d 88.c 89.c90.a