questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
a new high-performance contact lens under development at the department for applied physics at the university of heidelberg will not only correct ordinary vision defects but will enhance normal night vision as much as five times, making people's vision sharper than that of cats.
bille and his team work with an optical instrument called an active mirror — a device used in astronomical telescopes to spot newly emerging stars and far distant galaxies. connected to a wave-front sensor that tracks and measures the course of a laser beam into the eye and back, the aluminum mirror detects the deficiencies of the cornea, the transparent protective layer covering the lens of the human eye. the highly precise data from the two instruments — which, bille hopes, will one day be found at the opticians (眼镜商) all over the world — serve as a basis for the production of completely individualized contact lenses that correct and enhance the wearer's vision.
by day, bille's contact lenses will focus rays of light so accurately on the retina （视网膜）that the image of a small leaf or the outline of a far distant tree will be formed with a sharpness that surpasses that of conventional vision aids by almost half a diopter ( 屈光度). at night, the lenses have an even greater potential. "because the new lens — in contrast to the already existing ones — also works when it's dark and the pupil is wide open," says bille, "lens wearers will be able to identify a face at a distance of 100 meters" — 80 meters farther than they would normally be able to see. in his experiments night vision was enhanced by an even greater factor: in semi-darkness, test subjects could see up to 15 times better than without the lenses.
bille's lenses are expected to reach the market in the year 2000, and one tentative plan is to use the internet to transmit information on patients' visual defects from the optician to the manufacturer, who will then produce and mail the contact lenses within a couple of days. the physicist expects the lenses to cost about a dollar a pair, about the same as conventional one-day disposable lenses.
36. the new contact lens is meant for _____________.
a) astronomical observations c) those with vision defects
b) the night blind d) optical experiments
37. what do the two instruments mentioned in the second paragraph (line 5) refer to?
a) the astronomical telescope and the wave-front sensor.
b) the aluminum mirror and the laser beam.
c) the active mirror and the contact lens.
d) the aluminum mirror and the wave-front sensor.
38. individualized contact lenses (line 7, para. 2) are lenses designed _____.
a) to work like an astronomical telescope
b) to suit the wearer's specific needs
c) to process extremely accurate data
d) to test the wearer's eyesight
39. according to bille, with the new lenses the wearer's vision _____.
a) will be far better at night than in the daytime
b) may be broadened about 15 times than without them
c) can be better improved in the daytime than at night
d) will be sharper by a much greater degree at night than in the daytime
40. which of the following is true about bille's lenses?
a) their production process is complicated.
b) they will be sold at a very low price.
c) they have to be replaced every day.
d) purchase orders can be made through the internet.
part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)
directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. in november 1987 the government _____ a public debate on the future direction of the official sports policy.
a) initiated c) induced
b) designated d) promoted
42. i found it difficult to _____ my career ambitions with the need to bring up my children.
a) consolidate c) reconcile
b) amend d intensify
43. we all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it_____ when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.
a) compacted c) dispersed
b) restricted d)delayed
44. it is fortunate for the old couple that their son's career goals and their wishes for him _____.
a) coincide c) conform
b) comply d) collaborate
45. allen will soon find out that real life is seldom as simple as it is _____ in commercials.
a) permeated c) depicted
b) alleged d) drafted
46. europe's earlier industrial growth was _____ by the availability of key resources, abundant and cheap labor, coal, iron ore, etc.
a) constrained c) remained
b) detained d) sustained
47. as the trial went on, the story behind the murder slowly _____ itself.
a) convicted c) haunted
b) released d) unfolded
48. we’ve just installed a fan to _________________ cooking smells from the kitchen.
a) eject c) expel
c) exclude d) exile
49. retirement is obviously a very complex _____ period; and the earlier you start planning for it, the better.
a) transformation c) transaction
b) transmission d) transition
50. mutual respect for territorial _____is one of the bases upon which our two countries develop relationships.
a) unity c) entirety
b) integrity d) reliability
51. as one of the youngest professors in the university, mr. brown is certainly on the _____ of a brilliant career.
a) porch c) course
b) edge d) threshold
52. we work to make money, but it's a _____ that people who work hard and long often do not make the most money.
a) paradox c) dilemma
b) prejudice d) conflict
53. the design of this auditorium shows a great deal of _____. we have never seen such a building before.
a) invention c) originality
b) illusion d) orientation
54. the damage to my car was _____. in the accident, but i have a lingering fear even today.
a) insufficient c) ambiguous
b) ignorant d) negligible
55. very few people could understand the lecture the professor delivered because its subject was very_____.
a) obscure c) dubious
b) indefinite d) intriguing
56. diamonds have little __________ value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity.
a) intrinsic
b) eternal
c) subtle
d) inherent
57. doctors are interested in using lasers as a surgical tool in operations on people who are _____ to heart attack.
a) infectious c) accessible
b) disposed d) prone
58. many countries have adopted systems of_____ education in order to promote the average level of education.
a) compulsory c) constrained
b) cardinal d) conventional
59. i had eaten chinese food often, but i could not have imagined how_____ and extravagant a real chinese banquet could be,
a) prominent c) handsome
b) fabulous d) gracious
60. they are _____ investors who always make thorough investigations both on local and international markets before making an investment.
a) implicit c) cautious
b) conscious d) indecisive
61. in addition to the rising birthrate and immigration, the _____death rate contributed to the population growth.
a) inclining c) declining
b) increasing d) descending
62. because of the _____ noise of traffic i couldn't get to sleep last night.
a) prevalent c) provocative
b) perpetual d) progressive
63. don't let such a _____ matter as this come between us so that we can concentrate on the major issue.
a) trivial c) partial
b) slight d) minimal
64. if you go to the park every day in the morning, you will _____ find him doing physical exercise there.
a) ordinarily c) logically
b) variably d) persistently
65. although she's a(n) _______________talented dancer, she still practices several hours every day.
a) traditionally
b) additionally
c) exceptionally
d) rationally
66. the cut in her hand has healed completely, without leaving a.
a) defect c) wound
b) sign d) scar
67. the idea is to ___________ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the wind-shields.
a) assemble
b) simulate
c) accumulate
d) forge
68. most people in the modem world ________________ freedom and independence more than anything else.
a) embody
b) cherish
c) fascinate
d) illuminate
69.1 told him that i would _____________ him to act for me while i was away from office..
a) authorize
b) justify
c) rationalize
d) identify
70. over the past ten years, natural gas production has remained steady, but _______________ has risen steadily.
a) dissipation c) consumption
b) disposal d) expenditure
part iv error correction (15 minute)
directions: this part consists of a short passage. in this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. you may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. if you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. if you add a word, put an insertion mark ( ) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. if you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.
the seattle times company is one newspaper firm that
has recognized the need for change and done something about
it. in the newspaper industry, papers must reflect the diversity
of the communities to which they provide information.
it must reflect that diversity with their news coverage or risk s1.____________
losing their readers' interest and their advertisers' support.
operating within seattle, which has 20 percents racial s2. ___________
minorities, the paper has put into place policies an
d procedures for hiring and maintain a diverse workforce. the s3. __________
underlying reason for the change is that for information to be
fair, appropriate, and subjective, it should be reported by the s4. ____________
same kind of population that reads it.
a diversity committee composed of reporters, editors, and
photographers meets regularly to value the seattle times’ s5. ____________
content and to educate the rest of the newsroom staff about
diversity issues. in an addition, the paper instituted a content s6. ____________
audit (审查) that evaluates the frequency and manner of
representation of woman and people of color in photographs. s7. _____________
early audits showed that minorities were pictured far too
infrequently and were pictured with a disproportion
ate number of negative articles. the audit results from s8. _____________
improvement in the frequency of majority representation and s9. _____________
their portrayal in neutral or positive situations. and, with a s10. ____________
result, the seattle times has improved as a newspaper.
the diversity training and content audits helped the seattle
times company to win the personnel journal optimal award
for excellence in managing change.
part v
writing changes on state-owned houses and private houses of china