专四词汇语法详细解答

　　test one

　　集体名词作主语主谓一致

　　1）通常作复数的集体名词

　　集体名词，如：police， people，cattle，militia，poultry等，

　　通常作复数，用复数动词。如：

　　domestic cattle provide us with milk， beef and hides.

　　2）通常作不可数名词的集体名词

　　有些集体名词，如foliage，machinery，equipment，furniture，merchandise，通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：all the machinery in the factory is made in china.

　　3）既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词

　　集体名词，如audience， committee， class， crew， family， public， government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。

　　the city council is meeting to set its agenda.

　　4）a committee，etc. of 复数名词

　　如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of 复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：

　　a committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.

　　近义词辨析

　　tired， exhausted， fatigued， weary， wornout

　　这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。

　　tired

　　可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。

　　henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。

　　exhausted

　　表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。

　　the exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。

　　fatigued

　　所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。

　　he felt fatigued and didn‘t want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。

　　weary

　　语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。

　　after a long and weary wait， the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。

　　wornout

　　这个词不太正式，多用于口语。

　　the troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后，部队疲惫不堪。