passage 42
for people suffering from depression, the advice is usually the same: seek help. this simple-sounding directive, moreover, is often difficult for those with depression to follow because one common symptom of the disease is denial or lack of aware.(1)____(2)____ this can be frustrated for well-meaning family and friends-and is one of the key ways that, treating mental illness is different from treating other illnesses.(3)____
the challenge for a person with a depressed spouse, relative or close close friend who refuses to get treatment is how to change defiant person's mind.(4)____ reality show-style interventions and tough love are rarely successful, experts say. but there are techniques that can help. the key is to try and avoid a debate over if your loved one is sick and instead of look for common ground.(5)____(6)____
"depression makes a person see the world by gray-colored glasses," says xavier amador, a clinical psychologist and director of the leap institute in taconic, ny, who kains mental-health doctors and family members how to overcome a mentally ill person’s denial of their disease.(7)____(8)____ at the leap institute, they teach mental-health professions how to build enough trust with the mentally ill person that he will follow advice even if he won't admit to sick.(9)____ leap is an acronym for“listen reflectively, empathize strategically, agree on common ground and partner on shared goals.”(10)____
文章大意
本文讨论的是如何治疗抑郁。对于那些深受抑郁症困扰的病人,医生给出的意见往往是相同的:请寻求帮助。然而,这个听起来简单易行的建议往往难以得到落实。因为抑郁症病人的一个常见症状就是否认或是完全没有意识到自己已经得病。这一点正是精神疾病治疗和其他疾病治疗之间的一个主要区别。而对于那些忧郁症患者的家属或朋友来说,解决这个问题的关键还在于学会如何去改变他们这种抗拒治疗的态度,要尽量避免争论他们是否有病,而是积极地达成共识。
答案详解
1.moreoverhowever语篇错误。根据前文提到“这个建议听起来简单易行”,后文说“往往难以得到落实”,由此可判断前后之间应该是转折关系,而不是递进关系,故用however。
2.awareawareness语法错误。aware是形容词,表示“意识到的”,此处介词of后面应该接名词awareness,表示“抑郁症病人的一个常见症状就是否认或是完全没有意识到自己已经得病”。
3.frustratedfrustrating语法错误。frustrated表示“沮丧的,挫败的”,主语通常是人,而本句主语是this,指代前面提到的抑郁症病人无法意识到自己得病逮一事实,由此可以判断,应该用形容词frustrating表示“令人沮丧的”,本句意为“这对于那些好心的家人和朋友来说,是令人沮丧的事情。”
4.∧defiantthe词汇错误。本句中的defiant person 就是指代前半部分提到的a depressed spouse,relative or close friend,这里再次提及表示特指,故应加上定冠词the。
5.ifwhether词汇错误。if和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,但whether引导的宾语从句可以放在介词后面,if引导的宾语从句则不能。
6.ofof词汇错误。instead of是固定搭配,表示“代替,而不是……”,后面接代替的内容,而从句意上看,本句是说“关键在于尽量避免争论他们是否有病,而是积极地达成共识”,所以instead of后面并不是替代的内容,而是强调的重点,因此去掉of,instead作副词,意为“反而,却”,表示转折。
7.bythrough词汇错误。介词by和through都有表示“通过”的含义,但by强调方法、手段以及传递的方式,through强调的是时间或空间上的通过、经过。本句是说“抑郁症患着彷佛是透过灰色眼镜看世界”,这里抑郁症患者并不是主动地利用灰色眼镜这一工具去看世界,而是强调空间上透过、穿过,故用through。
8.whowhich语法错误。本句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词应该是紧接前面的ieap institute,而不是leap研究所主任。且定语从句也是在具体描述研究所提供的服务及培训对象,
故应用指代物的关系代词which。
9.professionsprofessionals词汇错误。profession表示“职业”,这里研究所帮助的对象不是某职业,而是从事心理健康方面的专业人士,故改为名词professional,即“专业人士”。
10.∧sickbeing语法错误。sick是形容词,前需加be动词,表状态。admit to是固定搭配,表示“承认”,而此处to是介词,故用being。另外admit后可直接接名词表示承认的内容,如果改成名词sickness,则不需要介词to。