介词是虚词,介词不能单独作句子成分,只能用在名词、代词或作用相当于名词的 其他词、词组或从句之前,与之一起构成介词短语充当句子成分。介词在英语中用得极 为广泛、灵活,可组成许多成语和习惯用法,因此学习时要特别注意。
1.介词的种类
(1)简单介词
on,in,with,by,for,about等
(2)合成介词
into,out of,as for,without
(3)短语介词
by means of,because of,according to,in respect of,in contrast with,in spite of
(4)分词介词
including,concerning,considering,regarding,provided,given
2.介词短语
介词短语是由介词和构成介词短语的那部分名词或相当于名词的其他词或短语构成 的。主要有下列几种:
(1)介词+名词
aluminum and zinc can easily combine with the oxygen in the air. 铝和锌很容易与空 气,户的氧化合。
(2)介词+代词
how much luggage can i take with me? 我能带多少行李?
(3)介词+动名词
you learn to speak english by speaking it. 你用说英语这种方式来学说英语。
(4)介词+数词
everything divides into two. 事物都是一分为二的。
(5)介词+另一个介词短语
the air was removed from between the two pipes. 空气已从两管之间抽出。