自考《英语语法》复习指导：四 形容词和副词
i. 形容词：
1. 形容词的位置：
1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent, everything possible
2 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后 the best book available, the only solution possible
3 alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置 the only person awake
4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
5 成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
6 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with
2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：
代词 数词 性状形容词
冠词前的形容词 冠词
指示代词
不定代词
代词所有格 序数词 基数词 性质
状态 大小
长短
形状 新旧
温度 颜色 国籍
产地 材料
质地 名词
all
both
such the
a
this
another
your second
next one
four beautiful
good
poor large
short
square new
cool black
yellow chinese
london silk
stone
3) 复合形容词的构成：
1 形容词+名词+ed kind-hearted 6 名词+形容词 world-famous
2 形容词+形容词 dark-blue 7 名词+现在分词 peace-loving
3 形容词+现在分词 ordinary-looking 8 名词+过去分词 snow-covered
4 副词+现在分词 hard-working 9 数词+名词+ed three-egged
5 副词+过去分词 newly-built 10 数词+名词 twenty-year
ii. 副词
副词的分类：
1 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, once, recently 5 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 6 疑问副词 how, where, when, why
3 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really 7 连接副词 how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
4 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 8 关系副词 when, where, why
iii. 形容词和副词比较等级：
形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。
1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：i am not so good a player as you are.
2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。
3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：the harder you work, the more progress you will make.
4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：i have never spent a more worrying day.
5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：
our school is three times larger than yours./our school is four times as large as yours./our school is four times the size of yours.
6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。