英语高级级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
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Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE.
I ve been reading some very interesting research recently. It is about how people s moods are _______________(1). In the past decade or so. there has been a great deal of speculation about the relationship between the two. You know, how they always say that people ________________(2) are more outgoing than those from the north. Well, it seems that there ____________(3) in it. Through many years of research, some scientists have been able to show that if you are ______________(4) a certain minimum amount of sunlight only, whether in summer or winter, you may well become _____________(5). A researcher took a group of fifty people living in the northern part of Finland who went to their doctor in the winter months and ___________(6). In that part of Finland, which is a Northern European greater validity, chose as wide ________________(7) a day. The researcher, in order to achieve greater validity, chose as wide _______________(8) as he could-these were men and women, who were ________________(9) and had different j obs or professional careers, as a couple of Americans. Half of the group ______________(12) a regular amount of time on a snubbed and the other half of the group were given some ______________(13) which are used to relieve depression. After the treatment, the snubbed group actually showed a faster and ________________(14) than the pill group. Twenty out of the 25 people in the snubbed group reported that they felt considerably better after only ___________________(15) whereas the same number of people in the pill group said that they _________________(16) after seven days. All of the sunbed group said that they felt considerably better ________________(17) of using the suned whereas two of the pill users still claimed that they ________________(18) after six weeks of pill-taking and ten of the pill group still felt marginally better. ________________(19) seemed particularly responsive to the sunbed treatment but there was _________________(20) between the responses of different nationalities.
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following radio programme.
1. (A) Because she is too busy finding information in the library.
(B) Because she sees the use of the Internet as too great a challenge for her.
(C) Because she herself has not yet got connected to the Internet.
(D) Because the use of the Internet is not convenient or cheap.
2. (A) The places she is particularly interested in.
(B) The places she hasjust found that day.
(C) Some electronic company sites.
(D) Some advertising pages.
3. (A) Marvell Electronics. (B) Andrew Marvel.
(C) English language pages. (D)The University of California.
4. (A) An interactive page.
(B) A village in Suffolk.
(C) A house surrounded by soldiers and tanks.
(D) One of the regiments surrounding a house.
5. (A) A little bit sad. (B) Somewhat amused.
(C) Quite happy. (D) Very much daunted.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
6. (A) A big cut in the rate of unemployment.
(B) A major increase in military spending.
(C) A boost in funding for domestic security.
(D) A reduction in government expenditure.
7. (A) An agreement on bilateral trade.
(B) An agreement to solve controversial labour union issues.
(C) A treaty to settle the disputes over the territorial waters.
(D) A basic accord concerning an investment pact.
8. (A) Three. (B) Four.
(C) Six. (D) Seven.
9. (A) The Indian troops penetrated the Pakistani territory.
(B) The Pakistani reserve divisions started to take up battle positions.
(C) Both sides called for a temporary 24-hour cease-fire.
(D) The two countries shelled each other s territories.
10. (A) A group of five wanted to hijack the plane.
(B) A man attempted to blow up the airliner.
(C) There was a mechanical fault with one engine.
(D) One passenger was found to hold a false passport.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.
11. (A) When she was 50.
(B) Less than 20 years ago.
(C) A little more than 20 years ago.
(D) Around 30 years ago.
12. (A) They find it difficult to get jobs in law.
(B) They can t practice full time.
(C) They get married and have children.
(D) They find the pay is not competitive.
13. (A) She feels that she is helping people solve problems.
(B) She is completely free to schedule her own time.
(C) She is amply rewarded through hard work.
(D) She thinks that her career wins her high respect.
14. (A) Family cases are often reserved for female barristers.
(B) Male and female barristers are not treated equally.
(C) Barristers have to wear wigs and gowns but solicitors are not allowed to.
(D) Thejob is very demanding on her time.
15. (A) The femalejudges are tougher on women than malejudges.
(B) The malejudges are not so sympathetic to women as femalejudges.
(C) Clients are sometimes trained as to how to behave towards female barristers.
(D) Male and female barristers retire at approximately the same age.
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.
16. (A) Offering explanations for a broken personality.
(B) Advertising a product for relieving depression.
(C) Discussing what is responsible for low moods.
(D) Recommending ways to fight bad feelings.
17. (A) A radio announcer. (B) A television presenter.
(C) A psychiatrist. (D) A magazine editor.
18. (A) Loneliness is only something that we suffer from sometimes.
(B) Only a few people around us feel lonely from time to time.
(C) Lonely people are advised to take some tablets.
(D) Eating and drinking at fixed times kill loneliness.
19. (A) Join a local sports club. (B) Attend evening classes.
(C) Ask people round to stay with you. (D) Do shopping with new friends.
20. (A) Buy a leaflet on loneliness. (B) Send an envelope to Weekly News.
(C) Phone the speaker again.
SECTLON 2: READLNG TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: In this section you will read several passage. Each one is followed by several questions about it. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C) or (D), to each question, Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1～5
Helen Beasley says she did not set out to become a surrogate mother. The 26-year-old legal secretary from Shrewsbury, England, a single mom with a 9-year old son, was thinking more about becoming a paid egg donor. When she bought her first computer and did some research on the Internet, the tales of childless couples she came across broke her heart, she says, and made her think of going one step further, as some 20, 000 surrogate moms do each year in the U.S. "The more I thought about it, "she says, "the more I thought of happy endings."
Six-and-a-half months after her first surrogate pregnancy began, as twin babies kick inside her, Beasley could not be much farther from a happy ending. She s mired in a bitter legal battle with Charles Wheeler and Martha Berman, the San Francisco attorneys who found her classified ad on the Internet and flew her over last March for a trip to a fertility clinic. Pregnant with one more baby than Wheeler and Berman wanted, Beasley says, she has received only 1, 000 of the 20, 000 they originally agreed to pay her. The fate of the twins she s carrying but does not want or have legal rights to will be decided by a California court, in one of the most bizarre surrogacy cases yet.
Beasley acknowledges the Wheeler and Berman, who have refused to talk to the media, made it clear in their discussions that they wanted just one child. What s more, notes Stanford law professor Deborah Rhode, "theirs was a very extensive contract. There were 50 clause providing for every contingency, "including the case of a multiple pregnancy, a real possibility given that three donor eggs fertilized by Wheeler's sperm were implanted in Beasley s womb. The contract required Beasley to honor the couple s decision about whether to have a selective reduction, the termination of one or more fetuses in a multiple pregnancy. Still, Beasley says, "I didn t realize they would go so ballistic" over the idea of twins.
Beasley claims she would have gone through with the selective reduction has Wheeler and Berman made the arrangements early in the pregnancy. But, as she tells it, there was a lengthy e-mail row between the two sides after Beasley returned to England: it was a petty affair in which each accused the other of going on vacation without warning, but it took weeks to mediate. By the time Wheeler and Berman booked Beasley s flight to California for the reduction, it was week 13 of her pregnancy, she says.
At that stage, Beasley felt that terminating a fetus was wrong. Plus, the late date increased the risk that both fetuses would be lost in the procedure. Her high blood pressure was already complicating the pregnancy. Beasley claims that Wheeler and Berman s lawyer, who declined to comment, presented her with two options: to terminate one fetus as requested or terminate both and still get paid.
Unwilling to do either, Beasley tried to compromise option of seeking other potential parent. She says both sides offered candidates but fought over what-if anything-the newcomers would pay Wheeler and Berman for their in-vitro fertilization and donor-egg expenses. In Britain the matter would have been simpler. There, surrogate mothers have full legal rights to the babies they bear for at least the first six weeks. But since the contract was signed in California, Beasley, now living in San Diego, supported by her lawyer there, is suing to sever the couple s rights over the children and claim unspecified damages. By last Thursday the blood was so bad that Berman had the man who came to serve her with papers thrown out of her office building.
This very pubic debacle has surrogacy supporters pretty steamed too. "The only victims I see in this case are those babies and surrogate parenting itself, "says Shirley Zager, director of the Illinois-based Organization of Parents Through Surrogacy, herself a surrogate mother. According to law professor Rhode, changes of heart happen in only 4 out of every 10, 000 legal surrogate arrangements; however, such cases usually involve the surrogate mom wanting to keep her offspring after they re born, And even though they have been through a lot together, Beasley has no such plans for the twins. "Financially, emotionally, I don t have the means, "she says. Their happy ending will have to wait.
1.According to the passages, Helen Beasley became a surrogate mother mainly because______.
(A) she wanted to have a daughter of her own
(B) she liked to be a voluntary egg donor
(C) she had much sympathy for those childless families
(D) she needed the money from surrogate parenting
2. The word "row" in the sentence "there was a lengthy e mail row between the two sides"(Para. 4) can be replaced by ________.
(A) negotiation (B) argument
(C) communication (D) dialogue
3. It can be found from the passages that the contract between Beasley and Wheeler and Berman_____.
(A) was unfair to the surrogate mother
(B) was quite comprehensive and accepted by both parties
(C) did not include clauses related to multiple pregnancy
(D) specified the reduction of payment in case of multiple pregnancy
4. According to the passage, Beasley refused to terminate one of the fetuses out of all the following reasons EXCEPT that____.
(A) her high blood pressure would lead to danger in operation
(B) both of the twin fetuses would face the risk of being lost
(C) the termination would be too late after week 13 of her pregnancy
(D) the decision to reduce fetuses was cruel and unethical
5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
(A) Beasley is going to keep the twins herself.
(B) Both sides are seeking potential parents.
(C) The laws concerning surrogate mothering are different in the two countries.
(D) The case is quite unusual compared with most other surrogate cases.
Questions 6～10
Disaster crushes one man now, afterward others-Euripidies If there are any bystanders left in the world-people on the sidelines, unaffected by maj or events of war, terrorism, global capitalism and technological change-they are very few. Inhabitants of remote Pacific islands or the forests of the Amazon might merit the description if they were not directly affected by environmental prbolems and the encroachment of commercial hunger for raw materials. Similarly, countries which claim neutrality are not really nono one s side, they are on everyone s side-as revealed by the fact that escaped allied prisoners could find safety in Switzerland during the war against Nazism, while at the same time their pursuers could equally safely bank their money there.
But it is otherwise impossible for anyone now to stand aside from world affairs. It is an illusion to think that one can avoid the line of fire, or claim exemption from the effect of forces that smash and grind against each other internationally. Civilian populations are now frontline troops; they became so in the 20th century s wars, shuttering bombing and deprivation, their mobilization in those immense struggles making them a target even in their homes, the aim being as much to unnerve as to kill them for a demoralized enemy is as good as a defeated one.
Terrorism has exactly the aim, as its name implies, of frightening civilian populations into forcing their governments to concede. It takes only a few determined people to achieve this, applying the lesson-learned from the Spartans at Thermopile via the Russian bands which harassed Napoleons retreating Grand Armee, to the resistance fighters and insurgents everywhere in the modern world-that small forces can defeat big ones; in the case of whole populations, by means of psychological war.
Thus a well-directed terrorist attack is destructive far beyond its primary site; it can paralyze communications, clog the wheels of ordinary life, panic millions, wipe value off stock exchanges, destroy industries and thereby livelihoods-all as a function of purely psychological aftershock, whose effectiveness lies in its reaching further outward in space and time, radiating outwards from the original focus, in some respects intensifying in the process.
Saying that there are no bystanders any more means that everyone is in involved in everything. Even inaction is action; if you see someone injured and do nothing to help, you have acted negatively. There is a choice about one's manner of involvement; as witness, victim,fighter-for peace, and common sense; or as the kind who does physical battle, which is justified when it opposes greater evils-or as helper of the victims, since the only certainty is that there will always be victims. Running away does no good, especially psychological and intellectual running away.
This does not just mean refusal to face the fact that we all now live in some degree of physical danger, even in our ordinary lives in otherwise peaceful circumstances. It also means refusal to recognize, think through and try to deal with the sources of that danger-the sources of resentment, suspicion, hatred and finally conflict within and between peoples. Among the main sources are these, and they are linked: disparities in wealth and power, and fundamental differences of culture, especially religious and moral culture. The link lies in the way wealth and power can, even if unintentionally, make those in poverty and weakness feel humiliated and therefore-in respect of their religious and moral culture-insulted. These inflame more concrete causes of opposition, such as exist in the Middle East, the Balkans and Ireland for more recent historical reasons. The mixture is always volatile, and the cants of nationalism, of the sacred or (worst of all) both are ever handy for whipping a dangerous minority into violent anger. The rest is tragedy.
This analysis implies the remedy, infinitely easier to state than to effect. It is to make the world fairer, and to liberate it from the distorting influence of antiquated beliefs-at the very least , by removing them from the public arena, allowing everyone there to be an individual human being rather than a label, and inviting our respect accordingly.
6. In front of terrorism, according to the author, _______.
(A) most of civilian populations are bystanders
(B) no one can be a bystander today
(C) there are still some bystanders in the world
(D) a bystander is sure to be on the side of terrorists
7. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the sentence "Civilian populations are now
frontline troops." (Para. 2)?
(A) Civilians are recruited into the army to fight terrorism.
(B) Civilians are mobilized to avoid terrorist attacks.
(C) Civilians become the direct victims of terrorist attacks.
(D) Civilians turn out to be losers in the psychological war.
8. With the statement "Even inaction is action" , the author implies all of the following EXCEPT
that ______.
(A) you can only act either positively or negatively
(B) you can no longer remain neutral
(C) you can not but avoid involvement in one way or the other
(D) you can only choose the manner of involvement
9. According to the author, the only way to get rid of terrorism is _____.
(A) to eliminate all the terrorists
(B) to change the attitude of bystanders
(C) to destroy the links between wealth and power
(D) to create a society with justice and equality
10. It can be concluded from the passage that _____.
(A) the sources of terrorism are varied and complicated
(B) terrorism originated in the Middle East
(C) terrorism has only had a short history
(D) the solution to terrorism is liberation from nationalism
Questions 11～15
One of the biggest surprises of my life in America is the New York City subway. I ve actually come to enj oy it. When I first moved here in 1989, well-meaning friends warned me away from the already octogenarian underground railroad, notorious among both residents and visitors as the last pleasant and most dangerous means of getting around this City That Never Sleeps. Yet is was also the fastest and the most economical means of doing so. With that dilemma, I began my life as a New Yorker-and I ve remained ambivalent ever since. The subway is the thing we love to hate. Schedules are unreliable. Trains come when they come, or not at all .
Breakdowns are so frequent that women have been known to give birth, stuck in some tunnel, Staff are few and their announcements incomprehensible. The infrastructure is ancient and crumbling. From time to time, burst water pipes flood stations, paralyzing traffic. The city s homeless live on the platforms, sleeping on benches (or in the trains themselves) and heightening passengers-insecurity. Every few months the papers report the familiar horror of yet another innocent randomly pushes under the wheels of an oncoming train. Muggings, rapes and murders are not common, but they happen. Add to this the often dirty cars and graffiti-scrawled stations, the hellish heat in summer and the arctic freeze of winter, and you have quite an indictment. A writer at The Washington Post called the New York subway "a near-unworkable mixture of the ancient, the old, the outmoded and the inefficient. " And he was being sympathetic.
Why, then, do New Yorkers swear by it? One radon is economic:1.50 to travel any distance, anywhere in the city. Compare that with a $12 cab fare from, say, the United Nations to Columbia University, on the other side of Manhattan. Traveling to New York's socalled outer boroughs of Queens, Brooklyn or the Bronx-anything entailing a bridge from Manhattan-can easily cost three times as much. The subway is also fast. A ride from midtown Manhattan to Flushing Meadows, the site of the U.S. Open heels tournament, can take as little as 25 minutes; the same trip is upwards of an hour by car, and then you still have to find parking. Small wonder that even millionaires carry a Metro card, the card with a plastic strip that has replaced the metal tokens of old. And considering just how much moving and hauling the subway does each day, you can t help but be impressed. For the subway is subway is an enduring marvel of mass-transit engineering: trains make 6, 800 trips each day over 731 miles of rail, carrying 3.7million people.
The subway, I find, is also oddly liberating. It takes you not only to your destination, but along the way to another world. As you wait for your train, you can listen to (sometimes) talented musicians from around the globe, some merely pounding on drums, others trying out bona fide repertoires for whatever patrons will put not their hats. Your fellow riders are a jostling microcosm of a teeming Cosmo polis: men, women and children from every stratum of society, of every imaginable color, sporting all kinds of dress (or undress) and chattering in most of the languages of the planet. Romances among subway riders are not unknown; marriages have been reported between people who met as straphangers. Of course, there is no first class. On one trip recently, I noted a Wall Street banker heading home in his pin s tripped suit next to a deadlocked Rastafarian in torn blue jeans, as a Bangladeshi waiter disapprovingly eyed a miniskirt Hispanic secretary across from him struggling with her lipstick. Above them, a public-service ad in Spanish showed cartoon characters learning the importance of AIDS prevention. If the United Nations is where the world shakes hands, the New York subway is where the world rubs shoulders.
Ambivalent I may still be. But I ve come to believe something else about the subway-that it epitomizes, as nothing else can, the city s soul. New York journalist Jim Dwyer captures something of this urban Zeitgeist in his book "Subway Lives. " "The subways have become the great public commons of the city, where acts of the heart and warped adventures are played out every day, "he writes." Only in the dim warrens of the subway, cursed accomplice of daily existence, can the full spectrum of city life-with all the bewildering diversity of its pathologies and its glories-be glimpsed, felt, and at times even understood."
A homage? Of a sort. I m not quite so poetic, but I do know that the subway is as essential to the character of New York, to its soul and sense of itself, as the Empire State Building or Central Park, That s something many well-heeled tourists don t realize. You haven t been to New York if you ve never the subway.
1. The sentence" The subway is thing we love to hate. "can best be paraphrased by which of the following?
(A) We either love or hate the subway.
(B) We love more than we hate the subway.
(C) We hate more than we love the subway.
(D) We both love and hate the subway.
12. In the question "Why, then, do New Yorkers swear by it?"(Para. 2), the phrase" swear by" can be replaced by _____.
(A) show hatred for (B) have much confidence in
(C) make a mockery of (D) give great promise to
13. When the author writes" The subway, I find, is also oddly liberating."(Para. 3) he most probably means than _____.
(A) The subway reveals itself as a cosmopolitan world
(B) The subway is a great theatrical stage
(C) The subway has the most democratic atmosphere
(D) The subway evokes strange feeling of freedom
14. It can be concluded that in writing the essay, the author _____.
(A) give an objective description of the New York subway
(B) introduces the New York subway from his personal experience
(C) gives suggestions on how the New York subway can be improved
(D) expresses her opposing emotional attitude towards the New York subway
15. The last two paragraphs can be considered as _____.
(A) a summary of what has been described in the previous paragraphs
(B) a repetition of the views expressed so far
(C) an intensification of the theme of the essay
(D) an exemplification of the topic of the essay
Questions 16～20
On July 2, the first fully implanted artificial heart was stitched into the chest of Robert L. Tools, a 59-year-old technical librarian, at Jewish Hospital in Louisville. His failing beard had so debilitated him that doctors had given him less than 30 days to live; surgeons said at best, the high-tech device might double that number.
Well, 60 days have come and gone, and Tools has survived. His AbioCor heart, developed by Abiomed Inc. in Danvers, Mass, it a far cry from the technology of the 1980s, when volunteers died grim deaths tethered to pumps the size of washing, cajoles. In contrast, the AbioCor is completely enclosed in the chest cavity, its pumping rate controlled by microprocessors, and its battery unit charged through the skin by a belt worn around the waist.
With no wires or tubes connecting the heart to outside power sources, there are few openings for infection. Where the technology comes up short-the heart is heavy and too large to be inserted in children or in many women-advances in new materials and microelectronics should quickly kick in.
But now, society must grapple with a fresh conundrum: When will be money to pay for these miracle devices come from? And how will society determine when it is the right time for the old and the terminally ill to actually die? In the words of Jonathan D. Moreno, director of the University of Virginia's Center for Biomedical Ethics in Charlottesville, "these patients can no longer die a traditional cardiac death."
There isn't a lot of time to come up with answers. The Food Drug Administration has authorized four other major medical centers to implant AbioCor hearts. And even before these experiments get under way, Tools' s lease on life could inspire thousands of aging baby boomers to add their names to the waiting list. Many of the 100, 000 people in the U.S. who are candidates for heart transplants might accept an artificial device, and "there is a vastly larger number of patients who could benefit, "says surgeon Robert D. Dowling of the University of Louisville, who with Layman A. Gray Jr. performed the seven hour surgery on Tools at Jewish Hospital.
From one perspective, this huge customer base represent a hair-raising social liability. Surgical and hospital cots for regular heart transplants run as high as 500, 000. These procedures haven't burdened the medical system so far-but only because the supply of transplantable hearts has been limited to about 2, 000 a year. Abiomed plans to price its heart between 75, 000 and 100, 000 initially, and with volume production, the price could fall as low as 10, 000. However, even at the lower price, artificial hearts are an issue that will lead into moral quicksands, says medical ethicist David Steinberg of the Lahey Clinic in Burlington, Mass. What happens, Steinberg muses, "if heart replacement-and intervention directly and visibly linked to who will live and who will die-becomes available only to those who can afford it?"
On the bright side, devices like the AbioCor could offer a ray of hope to thousands. Tools recently said he was looking forward to going bass fishing with his surgeon, Gray. Multiply such hopes by millions, and heart replacements are a boon, whether the promise is measured in years or just months of enjoyable, productive life.
Still, disturbing questions linger. What will doctors do when the patient's other biological systems signal that it's time to die and the mechanical heart just keeps whirring? Someone will eventually have to hit the switch-be it patient, family, or physician. True, patients on dialysis machines and respirators face such issues daily. But if the AbioCor device becomes common, "physicians and families would be dealing with far more of these cases, "predicts Nancy Tuana, director of the Rock Ethics Institute at Pennsylvania State University.
Ethicist Rebecca Dresser at Washington University in St. Louis is counting on laws such as the Patient Self-Determination Act to help people establish "living wills" before undergoing surgery. Meanwhile, as the pains of perpetuity become more obvious, patients, healthcare providers, and legislators will all struggle with the same enigma: It's not just how society will pay for the plethora of artificial organs. It's how we define the new parameters of a human life.
16. The phrase "a far cry from" in the sentence "His AbioCor heart... is a far cry from the technology of the 1980s. "(Para. 2) can be paraphrased as _____.
(A) a great gap in (B) an improvement on
(C) quite different from (D) exactly opposite to
17. Jonathan D. Moreno's comment that "these patients can no longer die a traditional cardiac death."(Para. 3) can best be understood as ______.
(A) these patients will no longer die with AbioCor heart
(B) these patients will not die because of traditional heart failure
(C) these patients will live a longer life with AbioCor heart
(D) these patients will live with AbioCor heart for the rest of their lives
18. The expression "a hair raising social liability"(Para. 5) can be replaced by _____.
(A) a tremendous social responsibility (B) an enormous social benefit
(C) a huge social reliability (D) a great social asset
19. the greatest concern the author shows in writing the passage is with _____.
(A) the significance of artificial AbioCor hearts
(B) the reduction of the price of AbioCor hearts
(C) the moral issues in the use of high-tech hearts
(D) the financial burdens related to heart replacements
20. Which of the following can NOT be concluded from the passage?
(A) The AbioCor heart will be less expensive and more common.
(B) The new criteria of a human life should be established.
(C) New laws should be established with the use of high-tech medical devices.
(D) Society will determine when to stop the functioning of artificial organs.
英语高级级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
【点击下载音频MP3】
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE.
I ve been reading some very interesting research recently. It is about how people s moods are _______________(1). In the past decade or so. there has been a great deal of speculation about the relationship between the two. You know, how they always say that people ________________(2) are more outgoing than those from the north. Well, it seems that there ____________(3) in it. Through many years of research, some scientists have been able to show that if you are ______________(4) a certain minimum amount of sunlight only, whether in summer or winter, you may well become _____________(5). A researcher took a group of fifty people living in the northern part of Finland who went to their doctor in the winter months and ___________(6). In that part of Finland, which is a Northern European greater validity, chose as wide ________________(7) a day. The researcher, in order to achieve greater validity, chose as wide _______________(8) as he could-these were men and women, who were ________________(9) and had different j obs or professional careers, as a couple of Americans. Half of the group ______________(12) a regular amount of time on a snubbed and the other half of the group were given some ______________(13) which are used to relieve depression. After the treatment, the snubbed group actually showed a faster and ________________(14) than the pill group. Twenty out of the 25 people in the snubbed group reported that they felt considerably better after only ___________________(15) whereas the same number of people in the pill group said that they _________________(16) after seven days. All of the sunbed group said that they felt considerably better ________________(17) of using the suned whereas two of the pill users still claimed that they ________________(18) after six weeks of pill-taking and ten of the pill group still felt marginally better. ________________(19) seemed particularly responsive to the sunbed treatment but there was _________________(20) between the responses of different nationalities.
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following radio programme.
1. (A) Because she is too busy finding information in the library.
(B) Because she sees the use of the Internet as too great a challenge for her.
(C) Because she herself has not yet got connected to the Internet.
(D) Because the use of the Internet is not convenient or cheap.
2. (A) The places she is particularly interested in.
(B) The places she hasjust found that day.
(C) Some electronic company sites.
(D) Some advertising pages.
3. (A) Marvell Electronics. (B) Andrew Marvel.
(C) English language pages. (D)The University of California.
4. (A) An interactive page.
(B) A village in Suffolk.
(C) A house surrounded by soldiers and tanks.
(D) One of the regiments surrounding a house.
5. (A) A little bit sad. (B) Somewhat amused.
(C) Quite happy. (D) Very much daunted.
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.
6. (A) A big cut in the rate of unemployment.
(B) A major increase in military spending.
(C) A boost in funding for domestic security.
(D) A reduction in government expenditure.
7. (A) An agreement on bilateral trade.
(B) An agreement to solve controversial labour union issues.
(C) A treaty to settle the disputes over the territorial waters.
(D) A basic accord concerning an investment pact.
8. (A) Three. (B) Four.
(C) Six. (D) Seven.
9. (A) The Indian troops penetrated the Pakistani territory.
(B) The Pakistani reserve divisions started to take up battle positions.
(C) Both sides called for a temporary 24-hour cease-fire.
(D) The two countries shelled each other s territories.
10. (A) A group of five wanted to hijack the plane.
(B) A man attempted to blow up the airliner.
(C) There was a mechanical fault with one engine.
(D) One passenger was found to hold a false passport.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.
11. (A) When she was 50.
(B) Less than 20 years ago.
(C) A little more than 20 years ago.
(D) Around 30 years ago.
12. (A) They find it difficult to get jobs in law.
(B) They can t practice full time.
(C) They get married and have children.
(D) They find the pay is not competitive.
13. (A) She feels that she is helping people solve problems.
(B) She is completely free to schedule her own time.
(C) She is amply rewarded through hard work.
(D) She thinks that her career wins her high respect.
14. (A) Family cases are often reserved for female barristers.
(B) Male and female barristers are not treated equally.
(C) Barristers have to wear wigs and gowns but solicitors are not allowed to.
(D) Thejob is very demanding on her time.
15. (A) The femalejudges are tougher on women than malejudges.
(B) The malejudges are not so sympathetic to women as femalejudges.
(C) Clients are sometimes trained as to how to behave towards female barristers.
(D) Male and female barristers retire at approximately the same age.
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.
16. (A) Offering explanations for a broken personality.
(B) Advertising a product for relieving depression.
(C) Discussing what is responsible for low moods.
(D) Recommending ways to fight bad feelings.
17. (A) A radio announcer. (B) A television presenter.
(C) A psychiatrist. (D) A magazine editor.
18. (A) Loneliness is only something that we suffer from sometimes.
(B) Only a few people around us feel lonely from time to time.
(C) Lonely people are advised to take some tablets.
(D) Eating and drinking at fixed times kill loneliness.
19. (A) Join a local sports club. (B) Attend evening classes.
(C) Ask people round to stay with you. (D) Do shopping with new friends.
20. (A) Buy a leaflet on loneliness. (B) Send an envelope to Weekly News.
(C) Phone the speaker again.
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways. For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send children to Sunday school and help them to pray. American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer conning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished. When American parents are in serous domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children. Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say , "Honey, everything is going to be all right. "This American desire to keep the children's world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident. Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.
SECTION 4:LISTENNG TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk only once. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You are required to write ONE word or figure only in each blank. You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.
Robin Lakoff describes a distinctive register in English called ______________(1)language, which is characterized by hedge words (eg. Perhaps and sort of),tags, _____________(2) intonation,_______________(3)words and ________________(4)expressions. Women use such language because they were taught as little girls it was _______________(5) or ladylike. The result is that women don't sound _______________(6) or professional as adults. But Lakff' s book was not based on __________________(7) research and her argument was not backed by real _______________(8). Research ever since has shown that the issue is much more _____________(9). The differences Lakoff had found between ______________(10) and _________________(11)speech are generalizations or averages. These differences are due more to social _________________(12) or situational context than to ________________(13). What Lakoff called women's language often turns out to be the way _______________(14) speak when they are in a ________________(15) position. As women tend to occupy ________________(16) status positions. so the language of those in such positions has become
_______________(17) with women's language.
Then, obviously, training women in a different style of ________________(18) won't solve the real problem. The theory of women's language give employers a ______________(19) for keeping women in low status positions and encourages a _______________(20) stereotype of women.
Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ. Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Ⅱ. Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.
(1)
(2)
SECTION 5: READING TEST (30minutes)
Directions: Read the following passages and then answer IN complete sentences the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
Questions 1~3
It wasn't the abduction of his 70-year-old grandmother that led Alberto Peisach to leave Colombia. Nor was it the 1997murder of his brother-in -law during a botched kidnap attempt. It was the planned abduction of his 6-year-old son that finally persuaded the Ivy League-educated entrepreneur to pack his bags in less than 24hours and head to Miami with his wife and kids. Peisach has carved out a niche for himself in south Florida as the head of a $100 million private equity found. "A lot of my friends took bets on how soon I'd be back home, but 80percent of them have left," says Peisach. "The Colombia that I grew up in doesn't exist anymore, and anybody who's had a choice has left."
Alarmed by a slumping economy and the ever-present menace of kidnapping, Colombia's best and brightest are leaving in droves. Some have settled in Spain and nearby Latin American countries, but nowhere is the exodus quite as visible as in Miami. The city's 70,000 Colombians recently overtook Nicaraguans as the largest immigrant community after Cubans. Legions of professionals are moving into affluent suburbs. Membership of Commerce has doubled in just the past 18months. The big winner from the brain drain is south Florida. "Colombians are basically subsidizing Miami," says political scientist Eduardo Gamarra.
Last year's U.S. census counted 470,000 residents of Colombian origin nationwide, but some experts put the figure closer to 600,000. The first significant wave of immigration dates back to the 1950s, when a brutal civil war forced tens of thousands to flee. Their ranks were bolstered in the 1980s by Colombians escaping the lawlessness associated with the rise of major drug cartels. But most of those earlier migrants bypassed Florida in favor of New York and New Jersey. Relatively few brought with them the First World-caliber education and experience of their recently arrived countrymen.
Not all transplants can be classified as refugees. Miami's unofficial reputation as Latin America's economic and showbiz capital has lured celebrities like pop diva Shakira and actress Sofia Vergara. And some drug traffickers are trying to blend in with their law-abiding countrymen to escape detection by authorities.
But many more are escaping the anarchy of a land where eight people are kidnapped and nearly 100 are murdered on average every single day. Abel Meza Montoya was beaten up and left for dead by men identifying themselves as supporters of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia after the pool-hall owner refused to pay them protection money I April.The 55-year-old father of six ignored their warnings at first, but in June Meza finally fled the country with his youngest daughter.
The plight of such ordinary folks has inspired a two-year campaign to legalize an estimated 95,000 Colombians living illegally in America. Community leaders argue that these Colombians fear for their lives back home and should qualify for temporary protected status, a short-term reprieve from deportation. Clinton-administration officials brushed aside those pleas.But activists have enlisted the support of nearly 40 U.S. politicians in their continuing effort to buy some time for their countrymen. "There is a war being waged against civilians in Colombia financed by the sale of illicit drugs," says Juan Carlos Zapata of the Miami- based Colombian American Service Association. "As the world's biggest consumer of narcotics, the United States has a moral obligation to grant this relief." Having left their country because of politics, many Colombians show little inclination to challenge the Cuban stranglehold on power in Miami. "People who come here are low profile," explains Isaac Lee, former editor of the respected news magazine Seaman. who moved to Miami last year. "They want to live peacefully." And for these Colombians and thousands more clamoring to follow in their footsteps, Miami is the best alternative to a country that no longer offers security or hope.
1.Why does the author give the example of Alberto Peisach at the beginning of the passage?
2. Introduce briefly the three waves of Colombian immigration since the 1950S.
3. Give a brief explanation of political scientist Eduardo Gamarra' s comment that "Colombians
are basically subsidizing Miami."
Question 4~6
"Study nature, not books!" advised the great 19th century naturalist Louis Agassiz. As a boy growing up in Alabama and northern Florida, Edward Osborne Wilson did both. By day he scoured fields, forests and streams. At night he pored over books and magazines. It was an article in National Geographic ("Stalking Ants, Savage and Civilized") that launched, at the ripe age of 9, one of the great scientific careers of the late 20th century, a career that began in entomology-with a particular passion for ants- but that has since reinvented itself with remarkable frequency, expanding its scope to encompass not just the earth's smallest creatures but the whole living planet.
E.O. Wilson's scientific contributions began early. He was 13 when he discovered, in a vacant lot near the docks of Mobile, Ala., the first known U.S. colonies of fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, invaders from Brazil and Argentina known in the South as "the ants from hell."
As an assistant professor at Harvard in the late 1950s, he proposed the radical notion that ant societies are bound together by an elaborate system of chemical signals.
Meanwhile, Wilson was blazing other trails. Fascinated by ant societies, he began seeing parallels in the socials interactions of birds, lions, monkeys, apes and even humans. In a 1975 book audaciously titled Sociobiology: The New Synthesis, he charted in evolutionary terms the social architecture of a wide range of species-their breeding behavior, gender dominance, caste systems. "In a Darwinian sense," Wilson wrote, "the organism does not live for itself. Its primary function is not even to reproduce other organisms; it reproduces genes, and it serves as their temporary carrier." Wilson's Sociobiology was at once enormously influential and hugely controversial. Its first 26 chapters, which dealt with the social systems of nonhuman species, were widely praised as one of the century's signal scientific achievements. Its 27th chapter, which applied the same analysis to human behavior and culture, was harshly-and sometimes violently-attacked. Despite the mixed reaction, Wilson in this and subsequent books-culmination with Promethean Fire (1983)-accomplished something few scientists can claim. He established a new field as science. It is known to this day as sociobiology.
By that time, however, Wilson had moved on. Drawing from his deep knowledge of the earth's "little creatures" and his sense that their contribution to the planet's ecology is under appreciated, he produced what may be his most important book, The Diversity of Life（1992）. In 424 pages he describes how an intricately interconnected natural system is threatened by a manmade biodiversity crisis he calls the "sixth extinction"—the most devastating trauma since the extinction event that laid waste the dinosaurs and other creatures 65 million years ago.
He notes in Diversity that the 1.5 million species named so far by scientists represent only a tiny fraction of the tens of millions that may be out there. Wilson's prediction that 30%to 50%of all species would be extinct by the middle of the 21st century was meant to provoke—and it did. Critics rej ected the estimate as another one of his flamboyant speculations. But subsequent research has supported it. From the perspective of the biodiversity scientist, virtually all the signs are bad.
How can human society transform itself? How can we become stewards of the living world? To Wilson, what is requited is a new convergence of thought and ethics comparable to the Age of Enlightenment of the 17th and 18th centuries. Now, at 72, E.O. Wilson is a senior doyen of science and, by his own admission, moving irresistibly into what he calls" the literary realm." It's not a bad place for him to be. Wilson has produced a scientific masterpiece in nearly every decade of his life. And in this time of crisis, our planet has never had more need for the observations and intuition of one of the world's great naturalists.
4. Give a brief introduction of E.O. Wilson and his research fields.
5. Why is Wilson's work Sociobiology "hugely controversial"? What is his main theory?
6. What is the major theme of his book The Diversity of Life?
Questions 7~10
Think of yourself flying across the country. An engine starts sputtering; cause for alarm, sure, but the pilot does that folksy number—"Aw, shucks, little problem here"—and assures you the others can take the strain. Then a second engine goes out; the sweat trickles down your neck, but your reckon you'll make it to the ground safely. But if the third, and then the fourth, flame out
The global economy hasn't crashed just yet. But a world—wide slowdown is giving analysts everywhere a bad case of the jitters. The key reason: this, says Robert Hormats, vice chairman of Goldman Sachs International, is "the first synchronized downturn since the 1980s," when high interest rates squeezed the world economy like an orange. During the last U.S. recession, 10years ago, Europe was in its post—cold war euphoria, while the Asian economies were the stuff of miracle. By the time a financial crisis declared the Asian tigers in 1997—98, the U.S. economy was in the middle of its technology boom.
This time around, both the U.S. and German economies are flatlining, while that of Japan continues its slow, downward spiral. The Japanese unemployment rate has risen to 5%, while the Nikkei stock market index last week touched lows not seen since 1984. The world's three most powerful engines are out ofjuice. Worry.
Why are this year's economic woes so widespread? Blame globalization, the increase in cross—border trade and investment, that has bound the world economy closer together than ever before. In good times, globalization spreads the wealth. The astonishing growth of the U.S. economy in the lat 1990s spilled over into countries from Taiwan (which makes the microchips that power your computer) to Ireland (a prime destination for U.S. firms outsourcing manufacturing). But globalization, it turns out, has a reverse gear. Once it was plain—by last winter—that technology firms had vastly overestimated demand, the consequent retrenchment spread far beyond the Bay Area. Last week, for example, Baltimore Technologies, the j ewel in Ireland's high—tech sector, slashedjobs in an effort to achieve profitability.
Signs of global recession inevitably conjure up thoughts of the last time the whole world went to hell in a hand basket: the Great Depression of the 1930s.In truth, we're a long way from breadlines, and policymakers understand the forces that move the economy today much better than they did then. But one lesson of the 1930s is worth remembering. In an interconnected world, points out Jeffrey Garter, dean of the Yale school of management, a small spark can start a huge conflagration. In 1930 it looked as if the consequences of the 1929market crash might be contained; it was the collapse in 1931of the Austrian bank Creditanstalt that turned a market correction into a worldwide slump. Similarly, the global financial crisis of 1997—98 started with the devaluation of the Thai bath—though Thailand's whole economy is about the size of Kentucky's.
That's one reason why, after much dickering, the Administration last week signed off on an $8 billion international rescue package for Argentina (an economy about the size of North lending tax dollars paid by American plumbers and retail clerks to a country that careens from one debt crisis to the next. But in the end, as Goldman Sachs' Hormats puts it, "pragmatism triumphed over ideology." If Argentina had defaulted on its debt, investors might have pulled out of other emerging markets, triggering a real crash. In a nervous world, It's best to avoid anything that leads to a loss of confidence. Might anything else tip the mood from mere gloom to atastrophe? "A huge amount," says Yale Garten, "is hinging on the American consumer." In today's planes, one really strong engine can get you safely to your destination. But expect a bumpy ride.
7. Why does the author begin the article with the description of one's flying experience?
8. Explain the sentence from paragraph 4 "But globalization, it turns out, has a reverse gear."
9. Why does the author mention the Great Depression of the 1930s?
10. What do you know about the arguments over the $8 billion international rescue package for Argentina?
SECTION 6：TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。中国物美价廉的制成品源源不断地走上美国超级市场的货架，而美国的农产品、 高新技术产品，连同跨国公司的资本和技术，滚滚不断地涌进中国内地。中国人民以其勤劳的双手，增进了美国的福祉，促使其产业升级换代 而北美这块广袤而又富饶的土地，也以其精华滋润和促进了中国的现代化进程。经贸合作是两国能够找到共同语言的最佳领域。以谋求共同利益来减少或淡化意识形态差异和利益冲突，过去是、今后更是双方寻求和平共处的必由之路。
下页更精彩：参考答案
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2002年3月 上海市英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
参考答案:
SECTLON1: LISTENLNG TEST (30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
1.affected by sunlight 11.Swedes and Norwegians
2.from the south 12.were prescribed
3.may be some truth 13.standard tablets or pills
4.exposed to 14.more sustained recovery
5.depressed and lethargic 15.seven days of treatment
6.complained of depression 16.felt marginally better
7.a couple of hours' sunlight 17.after 6 weeks
8.a range of people 18.felt depressed
9.of all ages 19.Woman and teenagers
10.many different nationalities 20.no discernible difference
Part B: Listening Comprehension
1- 5 CBDAD 6-10 CDBDB
11-15 CDADA 16-20 DDACB
SECTION 2: READING TEST
1-5 CBBDA 6-10 BCCDA
11-15 DBADC 16-20 CBACD
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST
成人世界与儿童世界分界线的划分有许多方式。比如，许多美国家长可以完全脱离于教会，或者对上帝的存在深表怀疑，但他们却送自己的孩子上主日学校，并帮助他们祈祷。美国家长在一个竞争的世界上苦苦奋斗，在这个世界上狡诈和欺骗往往得到回报且受人尊敬，但他们却给孩子们灌输正义与邪恶做斗争、最终正义总是取得胜利而邪恶必然受到惩罚的童话故事。在美国，夫妻失和时，仍然在子女面前表现出和蔼可亲的样子。即使在生意上或个人生活上遭了大难，美国家长也会觉得应该对自己的子女说：“宝贝，一切都会好起来的。”美国人想把孩子的界与成人的世界分开的这一愿望，还反映在这样的事情上：如果有父母亲在事故中丧生，人们总是设法晚点将这一消息告诉他们的子女。因此，总的来说，美国家长面对的是一个现实世界，而他们的许多子女却生活在一个近乎理想的不真实的境界中，在这个境界中，家长所生活的世界里的规则是不适用的，是要打折扣的，或者甚至是颠倒的。
SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST
Part A: Note—taking and Gap—filling
1. women's 11. female
2.rising 12.status
3.trivial 13.gender
4.polite 14.people
5.feminine 15.subordinate
6.competent 16.low
7.empirical 17.confused
8.evidence 18.speech
9.complicated 19.justification
10.male 20.damaging
Part B: Listening and Translation
Sentence Translation
1. 至少有45 人死于加州地震。美国统将于今天访问该地区，（亲自）视察灾情。
2. 坦率地说，由哪座城市主办奥会，或设施有多优良，并不真正重要，奥运会的核心是竞赛。
3. 互联网被看作是信息高速公路，但也可被看作是错误信息高速公路，在第五届互古代网国际会议上有一位心理学家这样警告说。
4. 不管怎么说，这是我第三次出庭。这件事拖了又拖，我紧张得令人难以置信。你知道，我浑身冒汗，无法开口，连一句话也说不全。
5. 这些公司中有许多（公司）利用股东大会的场合宣布任命新董事长、首席行官和经理，以及公司最高管理层的其他变更。
Ⅱ. Passage Translation
1. 现在播送本地消息。皇家银行市中心分行昨日发生的抢劫案正披露更多细节。银行发言人说，有价值6 万美元的现钞和旅行支票被劫。无银行职员受伤，但有两位出纳和一名公众事后因受惊而接受了治疗。劫案发生于昨天下午银行停业之前不久。警方今天采访了目击证人，并且把通过特别热线搜集到的线索集中分析。许多当地居民次对本市闹市区上升的罪案表示关切。
2. 对于诸位两次赐予我机会，能为你们服务，为你们工作并与你们一起工作，为我国进入21 世纪做好准备，我表示深切的感激。在我作为 统的所有工作中，我做出的所有决定、采取的所有行政行为、提出并签署的所有提案，我都试图竭力为全 美国人民提供途径与条作，在一个良好的社会里，同一个经济强盛、环境更干净，更自由、更安全、更繁荣的世界（一起），建设我们梦想中的未来。
SECTION 5：READING TEST （答案要点）
1. an entrepreneur received higher education in America / with three of family members either kidnapped or killed / left own country for America / trend or wave of Colombian immigration/ chaos of social order / "anarchy", lawlessness and social and political disorder in Colombia
2. 1950s, civil war, thousands fleeing;
1980s, lawless social order / sale of illicit drugs; most fleeing to New York & New Jersey;
1990s, depressing economy, threat of kidnapping, "anarchy" Professionals with "First World education and experience"
3. more Colombians are leaving their country for Miami / many of them professionals & business people / "the best and brightest" / "brain drain" / support and develop economic growth in Miami / Florida benefits from the brain drain
4. naturalist / love of ants / research fields: from the earth's smallest creatures (insects) to the whole living planet (human society /community) / founder of a new field of science: sociobiology / study of social interaction and organizations from ants to birds, lions, monkeys, apes and humans
5. study of social systems of "non human" species / highly appreciated / same approach applied to human behaviour and culture / criticized or attacked /. Primary function of the organism is to reproduce genes
6. based on his research on the earth's "little creatures" insects / "sixth extinction" / "man made biodiversity crisis" destruction of / threatening complicated, closely knit natural system / destruction of species
7. comparing flying experience with economic development or crisis / when one or more engines out of order / pilot not dealing properly / with false expectation... / destructive consequence / similar, possible situation in economy
8. when economy healthy / globalization spreads positive results throughout the world / when bad time comes / world economy depressing / unemployment increasing / possible economic crisis
9. although situations different / a good lesson to remember / at the beginning of the depression / market crash considered to be controlled / collapse of the Austrian bank leading to world depression / "a small spark can start a huge fire" without correct expectation / greater consequence possible
10. some against such rescue package / consider it using American tax payers' money to support a country with debt crisis / some hold "pragmatism" is more important / if not lending the money, worsening situation in Argentina could start a "real crash"
SECTION 6: TRANSLATION TEST
His story has eloquently shown that the division of labor established between China and the United States on the basis of equality and mutual benefit constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship. Inexpensive but good quality products manufactured in China keep flowing to America's supermarkets, while American farm produce and high grade and advanced technological products, together with the capital and technology of multinational corporations, are pouring into the mainland of China. The industrious Chinese people have contributed to the enhancement of the well being of the American people and the upgrading of the American industry, while the fine products from; the vast and fertile land of North America have helped to promote the modernization process of China. Cooperation in economy and trade is the best area where the two countries can find common ground. To work for common interests so as to minimize or mitigate differences in ideology and conflicts of real interests was and will be the only way for the two parties to seek peaceful coexistence.
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