History of Pfizer
辉瑞制药有限公司
Charles Pfizer & Company opened as a fine chemical business. A modest red-brick building in the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn, New York, served as office, laboratory, factory, and warehouse. The company first product was Santorin一a palatable antiphrastic which was an immediate success.
查尔斯•辉瑞公司是一家精细化学品公司，位于纽约布鲁克林威廉斯堡区的一栋红砖建筑是辉瑞公司的办公室，实验室，工厂和库房。公司的第一款产品是散道宁---迅速获得成功的可口抗寄生虫药。
The first domestic production of tartaric acid and cream of tartar, products vital to the food and chemical industries, is launched by Pfizer. The Civil War, which lasts from 1861 to 1865, marks a defining period for the country and for Pfizer.
本土第一批酒石酸和酒石药膏，这一食品药品行业的重要产品是由辉瑞公司发行的。从1861到1865年持续的内战对美国和辉瑞公司来说都是重要的时期。
The expansion propelled by the Civil War continues and Pfizer’s revenues double. The company now has a substantially increased product line and 150 new employees. To accommodate this growth, it buys and renovates a post-revolutionary-era building at 81 Maiden Lane in Manhattan and moves its headquarters there. The site carries the Pfizer name for nearly a century.
在内战的推动下，辉瑞公司的利润翻倍。现在公司有持续增长的生产线和150名新员工。为适应增长，公司购买修复了革命后时期位于曼哈顿的梅顿莱茵81号并将总部迁居于此，此地有近一个世纪沿用辉瑞的名字。
Using imported concentrates of lemon and lime, Pfizer begins manufacturing citric acid, which becomes the company’s main product and the launching pad of its growth in the decades that follow.
辉瑞使用进口柠檬和酸橙汁开始生产柠檬酸，这也成为公司的主要产品和后续20年公司增长的出发点。
Spurred by America’s westward expansion and its own growing number of clients west of the Mississippi, Pfizer opens offices and a warehouse in Chicago, Hanoi, its first location outside of New York,
在美国西部扩张的激励下以及公司自身在西部密西西比州客户的增加，辉瑞公司首次在纽约之外伊利诺斯州的芝加哥成立了办公室和库房。
On December 27, cofounder Charles Herbart dies and leaves a partnership worth $250, 000 to his son William, However, the agreement stipulates that Charles Pfizer can buy William Earhart’s share at half its inventory value—an option Charles Pfizer quickly exercises, consolidating ownership of the company in his hands.
12月7日，合伙人查尔斯•艾哈特死亡，并将价值250000美元的合伙资金留给自己的儿子威廉姆。但协议规定查尔斯•辉瑞可以按库存价值的半价购买威廉姆•艾哈特的股份---查尔斯•辉瑞迅速采取这一建议，将公司的所有权牢固掌控在自己手中。
A leader in the American chemical business, Pfizer marks its 50th anniversary. Its portfolio includes a wide array of industrial and pharmacological products, anchored by citric acid, camphor, cream of tartar, borax, and iodine. The company has offices in New York and Chicago, and its contacts in the import-expert business crisscross the world.
作为美国制药企业的领导者，辉瑞公司迎来了50周年纪念。公司的证券组合包括一系列工业和药理产品，主要是柠檬酸，樟脑，酒石药膏，硼砂和碘。公司在纽约和芝加哥都有办公室，进出口贸易涉及全世界。
Pfizer files an official certificate of incorporation in the state of New Jersey with authorized capital of $2 million divided into 20,000 shares of $100 each.
辉瑞公司在新泽西州存档了一份官方公司证书，授权将200万美元资金分成20000股，每股价值100美元。
At the age of 82，Charles Pfizer, Sr.died while vacationing at his Newport? Rhode Island estate. A tribute to Pfizer in The New York Tribune notes that “by bringing to, his task a thorough German technical education, great industry, and determination the successfully met all difficulties and each year expanded his business. “
查尔斯•辉瑞先生在其罗德岛房产新港度假时死亡，享年82岁。《纽约颂词》赞颂辉瑞先生：基于其精通的德国技术教育，伟大的行业和决心，他成功的克服所有困难并拓展公司。
Company sales total nearly $3 million.
公司的总销售额接近300万美元。
The Board of Directors creates the position of Chairman and elects John Anderson to that post. Anderson, who had joined Pfizer in 1873 as a 16-year-old office boy, would remain Chairman until 1929.
董事会创建了董事长的职位并选举约翰•安德逊继任。安德逊于1873年进入辉瑞，当时他是一个16岁的办公室小男孩，他将任职到1929年。
Pfizer chemist James Currie successfully pioneers the mass production of citric acid by mold fermentation of sugar, an achievement that eventually frees Pfizer from dependency on European citrus growers.
辉瑞化学家詹姆斯•古力成功的通过糖霉菌发酵开始大量生产柠檬酸，这一成就使辉瑞公司终于从欧洲柠檬种植商处获得了独立。
Charles Pfizer & Co. turns 75 years old. A celebration at the Brooklyn plant, which has 306 employees, marks the milestone.
辉瑞制药公司如今已有75周年，在布鲁克林基地的庆祝会上，306名员工见证了这一里程碑。
Alexander Fleming discovers the antibiotic properties of the penicillin mold, an event destined to make medical history and to change the course of Pfizer's future.
亚历山大•费列明发现了青霉素的抗菌性，这一发现注定改变医药历史和辉瑞制药的未来。
On January 10, 1929, John Anderson announces he is stepping down as chairman of the board. William Earhart is named the new chairman. Emile Pfizer continues to serve as president, and John Anderson's son, Georges becomes senior vice president.
1929年1月10日，约翰•安德逊宣布离任，威廉姆•艾哈特就任董事长一职，埃米尔•辉瑞继续担任总经理一职，约翰•安德逊的二儿子乔治就任副总经理职位。
Pfizer succeeds so well in the production of citric acid by fermenting sugar that a pound of citric acid, which had cost $l.25 in 1919, tumbles to 20, and Pfizer is widely recognized as a leader in fermentation technology.
辉瑞通过发酵糖生产柠檬酸的做法使得生产1磅柠檬酸的成本由1919年的1.25美元下降到现在的20%，辉瑞公司也被广泛认为是发酵技术的领导者。
Pfizer responds to an appeal from the U. S. Government to expedite the manufacture of penicillin to treat Allied soldiers fighting in World War II. Of the companies pursuing teas production of penicillin, Pfizer alone uses fermentation technology.
辉瑞公司积极响应美国政府的请求大批量生产青霉素治疗二战期间的同盟军。在所有生产青霉素的公司中，只有辉瑞使用了发酵技术。
Using deep-tank fermentation, Pfizer is successful in its efforts to mass-produce penicillin and becomes the world’s largest producer of die “miracle drug”. Most of the penicillin that goes ashore with Allied forces on D-Day is made by Pfizer.
利用深缸发酵，辉瑞成功大量生产青霉素并成为世界最大的”神奇药品“生产商。同盟军登陆上岸时使用的大部分青霉素都是由制造的。
George A. Anderson becomes Pfizer's chairman of the board. John L. Smith fills the office of President.
乔治A•安德逊接任辉瑞的董事长一职，约翰L•史密斯就任总经理职位。
As die mid-point of die 20th century nears, Pfizer celebrates its 100th anniversary, and a new generation of leaders takes the helm, John McKean becomes president, George Anderson retires, and John L. Smith takes his place as chairman of the board. Pfizer scientists begin an intensive quest to find new organisms to fight disease.
随着20世纪中期的到来，辉瑞公司也迎来了100周诞辰和新一届领导的就任。约翰•麦吉恩就任总经理，乔治•安德逊退休，约翰L•史密斯接任董事长一职。辉瑞科学家开始追求新的抗击疾病的微生物。
Following the death of John Smith, John E. McKean becomes chairman.
约翰•史密斯死后，约翰E•麦吉恩就任董事长。
Tobramycin (oxytetracycline), a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is the result of the company’s first discovery programmer, becomes the first pharmaceutical sold in the United States under the Pfizer label Pfizer begins expansion into overseas markets and the International Division is created.
土霉素是公司第一批发现项目中被广泛应用的抗生素，是辉瑞标签下载美国销售的第一款药品。辉瑞开始扩展海外市场并成立国际分支机构。
Pfizer operations are established in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cuba, England, Mexico, Panama, and Puerto Rico. ,
辉瑞在比利时，巴西，加拿大，古巴，英国，墨西哥，巴拿马和波多黎各都设有分支。
Pfizer establishes an Agricultural Division dedicated to offering cutting-edge solutions to animal health problems. The division opens its 700-acre farm and research facility in Terre Haute, Indiana.
辉瑞成立了一家农业分支，旨在提供针对动物健康问题最前沿的答案。该分支在印第安纳州的泰瑞豪特开起了700英亩的土地和研究设施。
J.B- Roerig and Company, specialists in nutritional supplements, becomes a division of Pfizer. Roering remains an integral part of Pfizer’s outstanding marketing division.
J•B•勒里希和公司是营养供给方面的专家，成为辉瑞的分支，勒里希保留了辉瑞优势市场分支的完整部分。
A fermentation plant opens in England, laying the foundation for Pfizer’s research and development operations in Great Britain. Pfizer partners with Japan’s Taito to manufacture and distribute antibiotics. Pfizer acquires full ownership of Taito in 1983.
发酵基地建在英国，为辉瑞在英国的研究和发展建立了基础。辉瑞和日本大东商事有限会社合作生产分销抗生素，辉瑞于1983年获得大东商事有限会社的全部所有权。
The Company signals its increasing commitment to research with die opening of medical research laboratories in Groton, Connecticut.
公司在康涅狄格州格罗顿成立的医学研究实验室标志着公司不断增加的研究。
Pfizer begins a decade of substantial growth and establishes new World Headquarters in midtown Manhattan.
辉瑞开始了20年的持续增长，并在曼哈顿中心区设立了新的世界总部。
John J. Powers, Jr, is named president and CEO. John McKean, whom he succeeds, remains chairman of the board, a position he holds until 1968, when Powers assumes full leadership of the company.
约翰J•鲍威尔先生被任命为总经理和总裁，约翰•麦吉恩继续担任董事长，他从1968年继任此职，当时鲍威尔全权管理公司。
The Central Research Division is established, combining pharmaceutical, agricultural, and chemical R&D worldwide. It eventually grows to include research centers .on three continents.
研究分支中心包括医药，农业和化学研究&发展，中心最终涵盖三个州。
Pfizer crosses the billion-dollar sales threshold. John Powers, Jr, t steps down; Edmund T, Pratt, Jr, becomes CEO; and Gerald D, Laubauch becomes President.
辉瑞超越了十亿美元关卡，约翰•鲍威尔先生离任；埃德蒙T•普拉特先生就任；格兰德D•卢布驰就任总经理。
As America celebrates its 200th birthday, Pfizer celebrates over 125 years of explosive growth.
美国庆祝成立200年之时，辉瑞庆祝125年爆炸式发展。
John McKean, the man responsible for the transformation of Pfizer into a global company, dies at the age of 75.
约翰•麦吉恩，这位负责将辉瑞转向世界级公司的人在75岁时死去。
Feldene (piroxicam) becomes one of the largest-selling prescription anti-inflam-matory medications in the world and, ultimately, Pfizer's first product to reach a total of a billion U. S. dollars in sales.
吡罗昔康成为世界上抗发炎类药物最畅销的处方之一，最后，辉瑞的第一产品销售额达到10亿美元。
The Agricultural Division is renamed the Animal Health Division. During the next few years, the division introduces several breakthrough products, including Dectomax (doramectin).
农业分支被命名为奥图码健康分支。接下来的几年，分支研发了几项突破性的产品，包括多拉菌素。
Pfizer launches Procardie XL (nifedipine) extended—release tablets, an innovative once-a-day medication for angina and hypertension.
辉瑞发行硝苯地平延长减痛药片，这是治疗咽痛和高血压的创新良药。
William C.Steere, Jr, is appointed President a year later, he is also named Chief Executive Officer.
威廉姆C•斯蒂尔先生被任命总经理，一年后，他又被任命为执行总裁。
William C.Steere, Jr. becomes Chairman of the Board His goal is to refocus the Company on its core competencies. Pfizer has triple rollout of major new medicines: Zoloft (sertraline hydrochloride) , Norvasc ( amlodipine besylate ), and Zithromax (azithromycin).
威廉姆C•斯蒂尔先生当选董事长，他的目标是将公司重新聚焦于核心竞争力上。辉瑞的重要新药品有三种：左洛复，活络喜和希舒美。
Pfizer’s Sharing the Care, the industry’s premier drug-donation program, is launched. Sharing the Care provides medicines to more than one million eligible lowincome and uninsured patients throughout the United States.
辉瑞的分享健康，行业内的首次药品捐赠计划发行。分享健康计划为美国超过一百万符合条件的低收入和没有医疗保险的病人提供药品。
Pfizer's investment in research and development tops $1 billion annually.
辉瑞每年投资于研究和开发的金额达10亿美元。
The Animal Health Division purchases SmithKline Beecham’s animal health business making Pfizer a world leader in the development and production of pharmaceuticals for livestock and companion animals.
动物健康分支收购史克公司的动物健康企业，使辉瑞成为活物和宠物药品开发与生产的领头者。
Fortune magazine ranks Pfizer the world's most admired pharmaceutical company. Pfizer continues its reign as most admired in 1998.
财富杂志将辉瑞排为世界上最受尊敬的医药公司，辉瑞到1998年还保有此地位。
Pfizer's roster of outstanding drugs grows with the launch of Viagra (sildenafil citrate), a breakthrough treatment for erectile dysfunction. Pfizer invests close to $2. 5 billion in research.
辉瑞卓越的药品随着伟哥的发行持续增长，这款药成为勃起功能障碍的突破性药物。辉瑞在这项研究中投资近25亿美元。
Pfizer and the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation partner to establish the International Trachoma Initiative (ITI) to help eliminate blinding trachoma.
辉瑞和艾德楠•麦康纳尔•克拉克基金会合作建立国际沙眼倡议协会帮助消除失明沙眼患者。
Pfizer celebrates its 150th anniversary as one of the world’s premier pharmaceutical companies. Recognized for its success in discovering and developing innovative drugs for human discovery, Forbes magazine names Pfizer “Company of the Year".
辉瑞庆祝150周年成为世界医药公司前列。因公司为人类发现开发创新药品，福布斯杂志将辉瑞命名为“最佳公司”。
The Best Get Better—Pfizer and Warner-Lambert merge to form the new Pfizer, creating the world's fastest-growing major pharmaceutical company.
最好的得到更好的- --辉瑞和沃尔纳-兰伯特合并成立新的辉瑞公司，创建世界上增长最快的大型医药公司。
William C. Steere, Jr. announces his retirement as CEO on January 1,2001, and steps down as Chairman of the Board in April T following the company's annual meeting. Henry A. McKinnell, Ph. D. succeeds William C. Steere, Jr. as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer.
威廉姆C•斯蒂尔先生于2001年1月1日宣布离任总裁职位，同年4月辞去董事长职务，继公司年会之后，亨利A•麦康纳尔博士接替威廉姆C•斯蒂尔先生成为董事长和总裁。
In June 2001，Hank McKinnell announces a new mission for Pfizer—to become the world’s most valued company to patients, customers, colleagues, investors, business partners and the communities where we work and live.
2001年6月，汉克•麦康纳尔宣布了辉瑞新任务---成为世界上对病人，客户，同事，投资者，企业合伙人和所住社区最有价值的公司。
In a major expansion of its commitment to improving health care for low-income Americans, Pfizer introduces. The Pfizer. For Living Share Card Programmer. The programmer provides a range of immediate health benefits to qualified enrollees, including: the card itself, which enables them to pay $15 for each 30-day Pfizer prescription; a call center to request enrollment materials and learn about other health services and benefits that may be available to them, and easy-to-read health information on their medical conditions.
在提升对低收出入美国人健康关怀的扩张中，辉瑞推出辉瑞生命分享卡项目。该项目为加入者提供了一系列即刻健康受益项目，包括：为每30天辉瑞药方支付15美元的卡本身，咨询加入材料学习其他可能有用的健康服务和好处；针对医疗情况的易读健康信息。