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纯干货,英语深造必备:口译速记符号-

一、 缩略词

英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如imp: important, asap: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对速记和口译考试大有裨益。缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:

【拿掉所有元音】

mkt || market

mgr || manager

msg || message

std || standard

rcv || receive

【保留前几个字母】

info || information

ins || insurance

exch || exchange

iou ||i owe you

i/o ||in stead of

【保留开头和结尾个发音字母】

wk || week

rm || room

pl || people

【根据发音】

r || are

tho || though

thru || through

【高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表】

缩略词 || 原词

apt || apartment

acc || accountant

acdg || according

acpt || accept

ad || advertisement

ads || address

adv || advice

amap || as much/many as possible

amt || amount

apv || approve

asap || as soon as possible

bal || balance

bldg || building

cert || certificate

cfm || conform

cncl || cancel

cnf || conference

cmi || commission

cmp || complete

cmpe || compete/competitive

cmu || communication

conc || concern/concerning/concerned

cond || condition

co. || company

dept || department

disc || discount

dpt || departure

exch || exchange

expln || explain

ext || extent

flt || flight

fnt || final

frt || freight

fyr || for your reference

gd || good

guar ||guarantee

h.o. || home office

info || information

imps || impossible

imp(t) || important

incd || include

indiv || individual

ins || insurance

intst ||interested

i/o || in stead of

iou || i owe you

ivo || in view of

manuf || manufacture

mdl || model

memo || memorandum

mgr || manger

min || minimum

mkt || market

msg || message

ncry || necessary

nlt || no later than

obs || observe

obt || obtain

ord || ordinary

pat || patent

pc || piece

pkg || packing

pl || people

pls || please

posn || position

poss(bl) || possible

prod || product

qlty || quality

quty || quantity

rcv || receive

ref || reference

regl || regular

rep || representative

resn || reservation

rpt || repeat

respon || responsible

sec || section

sitn || situation

std || standard

tel || telephone

temp || temporary

tgm || telegraph

tho || though

tks || thanks

trd || trade

trf || traffic

ttl || total

u || you

ur || your

wk || week

wl || will

wt || weight

xl || extra large

二、 字母、图像

z 表示"人"people/person,因为"z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:jz。

c 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母c读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用c来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 cz

p 表示政治:politics, political希腊字母p读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 pz

e 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. e 数学符号表示总值。

g 表示效率:efficient, effective。g为效率符号。

q 表示"通货膨胀":inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。

a 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。

b 表示商业:business。

c× 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict, confrontation "c×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"c"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。

w 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。它是work的第一个字母。所以wz就可以用来表示worker, 而w(z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。

i 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。

u u 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。如果在u内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。填入在u中填入1表示: unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。如果在u上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。

o 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc.go表示进口,og表示出口

这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over。那么在此符号上加z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc.

t 表示"领导人":leader, head那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 ct

⊙ 圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium

k 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。

o 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc.

j 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc.

l 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc.

eo 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc.

o 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc

三、 数学符号

+ 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc.

++(+2) 表示"多"的比较级:more

+3 表示"多"的最高级:most

- 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.

× 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc.

> 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.

表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc.

< 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc.

表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc.

= 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc.

表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.

( ) 表示"在......之间":among, within, etc.

≠ 表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc.

表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc.

~ 表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc.

/ 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc.

四、 标点等

: 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc.

? 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw?

. (dot) 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。"y"表示this year, "y2." two year later"next week", 可以表示为"wk."

∧ 表示转折

√ 表示"好的"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc.

表示"同意"状态,stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc.

☆ 表示"重要的"状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc.

n 表示"交流"状态:exchange,mutual, etc.

& 表示"和","与":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc.

∥ 表示"结束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc.

五、 较长单词的处理办法

-ism 简写为 m 例如:socialism sm

-tion 简 简写为 n 例如:standardization (标准化) stdn

-cian 简 简写为 o 例如:technician techo

-ing 简写为 g 例如:marketing (市场营销) mktg