原文：《纽约时报》2006年5月18日《道高一尺魔高一丈》（节选）
译文：《参考消息》2006年5月26日第6版: 美国高校忙于应付学生作弊
colleges chase as cheats shift to higher tech
by jonathan d. glater
new york times
published may 18, 2006
los angeles — at the university of california at los angeles, a student loaded his class notes into a h________（a） e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam; a classmate turned him in. at the journalism school at san jose state university, students were caught using spell check on their laptops when part of the exam was designed to test their ability to spell.
and at the university of nevada, las vegas, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras, t_________（b） them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, （1）the university put in place a new proctoring[1] system.
"if they'd spend as much time studying," said an exasperated ron yasbin, dean of the college of sciences at u.n.l.v., "they'd all be a students."
with their arsenal of electronic gadgets, students these days find it easier to cheat. and so, faced with an array of inventive techniques in recent years, college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to outwit[2] would-be cheats this exam season with a range of strategies — cutting off internet access from laptops, demanding the s_________（c） of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams be taken the old-fashioned way, with pens and paper.
"it is kind of a hassle[3]," said ryan m. dapremont, 21, who just finished his third year at pepperdine university, and has had to take his exams on paper.
"my handwriting is so bad," he said. "whenever i find myself having to write in a bluebook, i find my hand cramps[4] up more, and i can't write as quickly."
mr. dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that p________（d） in writing papers was probably a bigger problem because （2）students can easily lift other people's writings off the internet without attributing them.
still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the mind-set, not the tools at hand.
"（3）some people put a premium on where they're going to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the next step," said lindsay nicholas, a third-year student at u.c.l.a. she added that （4）pressure to succeed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do."
in a survey of nearly 62,000 undergraduates on 96 campuses over the past four years, two-thirds of the students admitted to cheating. the survey was conducted by don mccabe, a rutgers professor who has studied academic misconduct and helped found the center for academic i_________（e） at duke.
david callahan, author of "the cheating culture: why more americans are doing wrong to get ahead" (harcourt, 2004), suggested that students today feel more pressure to do well in order to get into graduate or professional school and secure a job.
"the rational incentives to cheat for college students have grown dramatically, even as （5）the strength of character needed to resist those temptations has weakened somewhat," mr. callahan said.
whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out.
[notes]
1.proctor n.监考人 v.监督（考试）
2.outwit v.智取，智胜
3.hassle n.麻烦；争辩，争论
4.cramp v.抽筋；腹部绞痛
试一试：
1.对应翻译提示和首个字母，填入适合的单词：
（a）a h________ e-mail device（手持电子邮件设备）
（b）t_________ them to classmates（传给同学）
（c）the s_________ of cellphones before tests（考试前交出手机）
（d）p_______ in writing papers（写论文时剽窃的现象）
（e）the center for academic i_________（学术诚信研究中心）
答案：
2.翻译文中划线部分：
《参考消息》参考译文全文：
2006年05月26日 参考消息6版
美国高校忙于应付学生作弊
【美国《纽约时报》5月18日报道】题：道高一尺，魔高一丈(记者乔纳森•格拉特)
在加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校，某学生把课堂笔记输入一个手持电子设备，当他在考试过程中企图偷看时，有同学检举了他。在州立圣何塞大学新闻学院，有一个学生在拼写测验中使用了笔记本电脑的拼写检查工具，结果被当场抓获。
在内华达大学，有的学生利用手机照相功能把试题拍下来传给考场外的同学，然后用短信接收答案。为此，（1）校方规定了新的监考制度。
加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校工学院院长罗恩•亚斯宾气愤地说：“如果他们把这些心思花在学习上，就都能取得好成绩。”
如今的学生拥有各种电子产品，作弊更加容易。面对不断翻新的花招，学校和学生之间玩起了新式的“猫捉老鼠”游戏。学校采取了一系列措施防止考试作弊，包括切断笔记本电脑的上网渠道、规定在考试前交出手机或干脆采用纸笔答题的老办法。
“这有点麻烦，”佩珀代因大学的学生瑞安•达普勒蒙表示，他这次考试不得不在纸上答题，“我的书写很差，一在纸上写字手就抽筋，而且手写的速度比较慢”。
达普勒普称，现代技术为考试作弊提供了便利，但写论文时的剽窃现象更为严重，（2）学生轻而易举就能从因特网上抄袭他人的论文。
不过，有的学生认为，作弊是由心态造成的，工具并不重要。
“（3）有的人非常重视自己将来的去向，他们一心想的是毕业后怎么办。”加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的三年级学生林赛•尼古拉斯说。她表示，急于取得（4）成功的压力“有时让人昏了头，于是去做一些不该做的事情”。
在过去四年间对96所高校约6.2万名本科生所作的调查中，三分之二学生承认有过作弊行为。此次调查的负责人唐•麦凯布是拉特格斯大学的教授，他致力于研究学术界的不端行为，协助成立了杜克大学的学术诚信研究中心。
《欺骗文化：为什么越来越多的美国人为了成功不惜违法乱纪》一书的作者戴维•卡拉汉认为，如今的学生要想考上研究生、进入专业学院或找到好工作就必须成绩优异，他们感到压力很大。
“大学生作弊的动机越来越强烈，而（5）抵制诱惑的意志力却有所减弱。”卡拉汉说。
大专院校的行政管理人员称，不管作弊的理由是什么，针对作弊行为的斗争都会继续下去。