Cao De styled Mingshan, Cao was born in Songjiang, Eighteen of his short lyrics have survived. It is recorded in Records of Ghosts that "Cao's poems are by no means inferior to those of Yan Jidao for their natural beauty."
曹德 字明善，松江人。现存小令十八首，《录鬼簿》说他“华丽自然，不在小山之下”。
Title Lost to the tune of Prelude to the Limpid River
清江引·失题
Thousands upon thousands are willow wands over the Long Gate,
长门柳丝千万结，
Flowers fly like snowflakes when the wind rises in the state.
风起花如雪。
Leave-taking after leave-taking,
离别复离别，
Branch-breaking after branch-breaking,
攀折更攀折，
Old branches and leaves are no longer found in the making.
苦无多旧时枝叶也。