楚怀王拘张仪
King Huai of Chu Detained Zhang Yi
【原文】
楚怀王拘张仪，将欲杀之。靳尚为仪谓楚王曰拘张仪，秦王必 怒。天下见楚之无秦也，楚必轻矣。”又谓王之幸夫人郑袖臼子亦自 知且贱于王乎？”郑袖曰何也？ ”尚曰张仪者，秦王之忠信有功臣也， 今楚拘之，秦王欲出之。秦王有爱女而美，又简择宫中佳丽好玩习音者 以欢从之，资之金玉宝器，奉以上庸六县为汤沐邑，欲因张仪内之楚王， 楚王必爱。秦女依强秦以为重，挟宝地以为资，势为王妻以临于楚。王 惑于虞乐，必厚尊敬亲爱之而忘子，子益贱而日疏矣！”郑袖曰愿委之于公。为之奈何？”曰：“子何不急言王出张子？张子得出，德子无已时； 秦女必不来，而秦必重子。子内擅楚之贵，外结秦之交，畜张子以为用， 子之子孙必为楚太子矣，此非布衣之利也。”郑袖遽说楚王出张子。
【今译】
楚怀王扣押张仪，准备把他杀了。靳尚替张仪对楚怀王说：“扣押 了张仪，秦王一定会很愤怒D天下各国发觉楚国失去了秦国的邦交，一 定会轻视楚国的。”他又对楚怀王宠幸的夫人郑袖说您知道自己很快 就将被大王忽视了吗？”郑袖说广为什么呢？”靳尚说；“张仪是秦王非常 钟爱信任的有功之臣》如今楚国囚禁了他，秦王一定会想办法让楚国 放他出去。秦王有一个心爱的女儿非常漂亮，还会挑选宫中容貌美丽、 善于游戏又精通音律的女子随从自己的女儿作为陪嫁。秦王还会用黄 金美玉、珠宝名器资助她，送给她上庸地区的六个县作为汤沐邑，还想 通过张仪把她献给大王。大王一定会宠爱她，秦王的女儿必定倚仗秦 国的强大而抬高自己的身价，掌握着宝物和土地作为资本，势必以大王 妻子的身份来到楚国。大王沉溺于娱乐，一定会非常尊宠亲近她 而把您忘了，您的地位将一天天低践而且逐渐被疏远了。”郑袖说我愿意把这件事交给您去处理。该怎么办呢？”靳尚说您何不立即去跟 大王讲，让他放了张仪？张仪被释放后，一定会永远感激您的，秦王的 女儿一定不会来了，秦国也一定会看重您。您在国内能独享尊责，对外 又能结交秦国，留着张仪为您效劳，您的子孙必定能做楚国的太子，这 可不是普通百姓的利益啊Z郑袖随即劝说楚怀王释放了张仪。
King Huai of Chu detained Zhang Yi and was going to kill him. Jin Shang consulted with King Huai on Zhang Yi’s behalf and said, “If you detain Zhang Yi，Qin will become very angry. If other states see that Qin cuts ties with Chu， they will look down upon Chu." He then went to see Zheng Xiu，one of the king’s wives，and said，“Do you know that you are going to be estranged by the king?” Zheng Xiu asked, “Why?” Jin Shang replied，“Qin’s king trusts Zhang Yi and considers him very loyal and extremely meritorious to his state. Now Chu has detained him. Qin，s king will try everything to set him free. Qin’s king has a lovely daughter who is very beautiful. He will also select some pretty women who are good at entertaining and playing musical instruments to accompany his daughter to marry His Majesty. Qin’s king will support her with gold, jade and other treasures, and give her the six counties in Shangyong as Tang Mu Yi, He will ask Zhang Yi to introduce her to His Majesty. His Majesty will definitely fall in love with her. With the might of the powerful Qin and with the treasures and land she receives, she will surely come here as the First Lady. His Majesty will be addicted to pleasure and entertainment and therefore cherish her very much and ignore you as a result. You will be gradually estranged and will become less and less powerful day by day." Zheng Xiu said，“I am going to ask you to settle this problem for me，Sire. What shall we do then?” Jin Shang suggested to her, “Why not ask His Majesty to set Zhang Yi free immediately? If he is set free, he will be very grateful to you. Thus the princess of Qin won’t marry His Majesty and Qin will pay much attention to you. Hence, you can maintain your powerful and honourable status in Chu, and can also establish good relationship with Qin. Moreover, you can keep Zhang Yi at your service. Thus your own child will become crown prince of Chu. This is a significant gain, ” Zheng Xiu immediately persuaded Chu’s king to release Zhang Yi,