秦攻魏急
Qin Took Sudden Military Action Against Wei
【原文】
秦攻魏急。或谓魏王曰弃之不如用之之易也，死之不如弃之之 易也.能弃之弗能用之，能死之弗能弃之，此人之大过也。今王亡地数百里，亡城数十，而国患不解，是王弃之，非用之也。今秦之强也，天下 无敌，而魏之弱也甚，而王以是质秦，王又能死而弗能弃之，此重过也。 今王能用臣之计，亏地不足以伤国，卑体不足以苦身，解患而怨报.
【今译】
秦国加紧进攻魏国。有人对魏王说放弃城邑逃跑不如割让土地 跟敌国讲和有利，为守卫城邑而战死不如放弃城邑逃跑有利。能放弃 城邑逃跑而不能用它跟敌国讲和，能为守卫城邑而战死而不能放弃它，这是人们犯的大错误。如今大王失去几百里的土地，失去几十座城邑，而国家的战患却没有解除，这是大王放弃了土地，没有用它们跟敌国讲 和。如今秦国弦大，天下没有哪个国家能与它匹敌；而魏国非常软弱， 然而大王还拿自己的国家作为秦国进攻的目标，大王又能够为守卫国 土而战死却不能放弃它，这就犯下了两重错误啊。假如现在大王能够 采纳我的计策，哪怕损失一些土地也不足以给国家带来伤害?哪怕委屈 自身也不足以让自己受苦，而且可以解除忧患并且报仇雪恨。
The state of Qin took sudden military action against the state of Wei. Someone had a talk with the king of Wei and said，“It is more advantageous to cede an area to an enemy to make peace with it than simply discarding this area when you are not able to safeguard it during a war. It is also more advantageous to discard an area than fighting to the death to defend it (when it becomes impossible to do so), A big mistake committed by ordinary people is that they normally would discard an area instead of ceding it to the enemy to make peace with it, or they would fight to the death to defend it instead of discarding it when it was necessary to do so. Now you have lost several hundred square li of land and dozens of cities and towns. However t your state is still under the threat of aggression from the state of Qin. You have discarded your land instead of ceding it to the enemy to make peace with it, Qin is a powerful state，and no other state in the world can match it in terms of might. On the other hand， your state is extremely weak. Nevertheless, you still manage to incur Qin’s aggression. Moreover, you are also ready to order your people to fight to the death to defend your territory instead of discarding it. This is a double-mistake* Now if you use my strategy, your state won’t be damaged although you might lose some land, and you won’t be harmed though you might condescend to pay homage to the king of Qin. By so doing, you will be free from aggression and can also avenge your hatred towards Qin.
【原文】
“秦自四境之内，执法以下至于长挽者故毕曰：‘与繆氏乎？与吕氏 乎？’虽至于门闾之下，廊庙之上，犹之如是也。今王割地以赂秦，以为 嬡毐功;卑体以尊秦，以因缪毐。王以国赞嫘毐，以繆毐胜矣。王以国 赞缪氏，太后之德王也，深于骨髄，王之交最为天下上矣。秦、魏百相交也，百相欺也。今由繆氏善秦，而交为天下上，天下孰不弃吕氏而从谬 氏？天下必合吕氏而从缪氏，则王之怨报矣。”
【今译】
“秦国境内，从掌权者到做苦力的人一定都会说：‘亲近谬毐，还是 亲近吕不韦呢？’即便是普通街巷和朝廷之上，都是这样的。如今大王 割让土地来賄路秦国，以此作为谬条的功劳；委屈自己来向秦王表示敬 意，也通过谬毐。大王拿自己的国家来帮助谬每，谬毐就能胜出了。大 王用自己的国家来帮助谬毐，太后对您就会感恩戴德，您跟秦国的交情 就会比天下任何别的国家都好了。秦国和魏国曾经一百次结交，一百次互相欺骗。如今通过谬毐来亲近秦国，而且跟秦国的交情在天下各 国之上，天下哪个国家会不放弃追随吕不韦而结交谬毐？天下各国一 定会舍弃吕不韦而结交谬毐，那大王的仇就报了。”
“In the state of Qin, everyone from powerful governor to powerless servants driving carriages for respectable old people，says,6Shall I join the Laos, or shall I join the Lusy. In this instance，both ordinary people and officials serving at court are of the same mind. Now if you cede some land to bribe Qin, make sure that you let them know that this is Lao Ai’s contribution to Qin, If you condescend yourself to pay homage to the king of Qin, make sure that you do so through Lao Ai’s introduction. If you support Lao Ai with your state，Lao Ai will be the winner. If this is the case, the queen mother of Qin will become extremely grateful to you， and as a result, you can develop better relations with the state of Qin than all the states in the world do. Qin and Wei have