楚围雍氏五月
The Troops of Chu Had Besieged Yongshi for Five Months
【原文】
楚围雍氏五月。韩令使者求救于秦，冠盖相望也，秦师不下殽。韩 又令尚靳使秦，谓秦王曰广韩之于秦也，居为隐蔽，出为雁行。今韩已 病矣，秦师不下殽，臣闻之:唇揭者其齿寒。愿大王之熟计之。”宣太后 曰：“使者来者众矣，独尚子之言是。”召尚子入。宣太后谓尚子曰妾 事先王也，先王以其髀加妾之身，妾困不（疲）[支]也；尽置其身妾之上， 而妾弗重也，何也？以其少有利焉。今佐韩，兵不众，粮不多，则不足以救韩。夫救韩之危，日费千金，独不可使妾少有利焉？”
【今译】
楚国军队将雍氏围困了五个月了,韩国派使者到秦国求救，出使 的车子络绎不绝，互相之间能看见彼此的车盖，秦军却不从蜻山出发前 往援助。韩国又派尚靳出使秦国，对秦王说韩国对于秦国来说，平时 可以作为它的屏陣，战时可以作为它的先锋。如今韩国已经陷入危机 了，秦军却不下崤山。我听说，嘴唇掀起来后，牙齿就会觉得寒冷。希 望大王仔细考虑这件事。”宣太后说来我们这里的使者太多了，唯独 尚先生的话是正确的。”召尚靳入宫。宣太后对尚靳说我侍奉先王的 时候，先王把大腿放在我身上，我就感到疲惫不堪。如果他把自己的身 体完全压放在我身上，我却不感到有多重。为什么呢？因为他这么做对我稍微有点用处。现在假设我们援助韩国，如果派出的军队和粮草不多，就不足以营救韩国。这样一来，解救韩国的危机，一天就得耗费 我们一千斤黄金，难道就不能对我有任何微乎其微的利益？”
The troops of the state of Chu had besieged Yongshi for five months. Hail sent emissaries to the state of Qin to ask for reinforcements. So many emissaries were sent to Qin in an endless stream that they could see each other? s carriage marquees on the road. Nonetheless，the troops of Qin were not dispatched from Mount Xiao, Han then sent Shang Jin on a diplomatic mission to Qin and he told Qin7s king, “Han is very crucial to Qin. During peaceful times, it can serve as a barrier to Qin. And in time of war，it can act as your vanguard. At present, Han is in severe danger. But the troops of Qin still haven’t been dispatched from Mount Xiao. I heard that if the lips are lifted up, the teeth will feel cold. I hope that Your Majesty can think it over carefully. ” Queen Mother Xuan said，“Of all the emissaries who have visited us, only Mr Shang’s words sound reasonable. ” So she called in Shang Jin. Queen Mother Xuan told Shang Jin，“When I was serving our former king, if he put his thigh upon me，I would feel exhausted. However，when he stretched himself upon me, I wouldn’t feel like being crushed at all. Why? I benefited more or less when he was doing so. Now regarding going to Han’s aid, if we don’t send countless soldiers with a huge amount of provender, we cannot offer any substantial help. If we help Han，it will cost us one thousand jin of gold each day，but we cannot gain any benefit at all. ”
【原文】
尚靳归书报韩王，韩王遣张翠?张翠称病，日行一县。张翠至，甘 茂曰广韩急矣，先生病而来。”张翠曰广韩未急也，且急矣。”甘茂曰广秦 重国知王也，韩之急缓莫不知。今先生言不急，可乎？”张翠曰广韩急则 折而人于楚矣，臣安敢来？ ”甘茂曰广先生毋复言也。”甘茂人言秦王曰： “公仲柄得秦师，故敢捍楚。今雍氏围而秦师不下殽，是无韩也。公仲 且抑首而不朝，公叔且以国南合于楚。楚、韩为一，魏氏不敢不听，是楚以三国谋秦也。如此，则伐秦之形成矣！不识坐而待伐孰与伐人之
【今译】
尚靳写了一封信回去报告韩国君主，韩国君主派遣张翠出使秦国。 张翠声称自己有病，每天只前进一百里。张翠到达后，甘茂说广韩国十 分危急了，先生抱病前来。’’张翠说韩国还没有陷入危机，即将出现危 机了。”甘茂说广秦国国力强大、国君智慧，对于韩国形势是否危急非常 了解。如今您说不危急，可以吗？”张翠说：“韩国如果危急了，就会调转 方向去投靠楚国，那我怎么敢到这里来呢？”甘茂说：“先生不要再说 了。”甘茂进宫对秦王说广公仲执掌大权，得到秦国军队的帮助，所以才 敢对抗楚国D如今雍氏被围困而秦囯的军队却不下崤山，这就是跟韩 国绝交啊。公仲即将痛心疾首而不理朝政，公叔将会让韩国向南跟楚 国联合D楚国和韩国联合起来以后，魏国就不敢不听命于它们。这样一来，楚国就能用三国的兵力来图谋秦国了。假如这样的话，它们进攻秦 国的形势就具备了。不知道是坐等别国来进攻我们有利，还是我们出击 别国有利。”秦王说说得好。”果然派兵从蜻山出发前去援救韩国。
Shang Jin wrote a report to the king of Han. The king then sent Zhang Cui to Qin to ask for help, Zhang Cui pretended to be sick and advanced only one hundred li each day. When he arrived in Qin，Gan Mao said, Han is in severe danger. That’s why you have come here although you are sick,” Zhang Cui said，“Han is not yet in trouble. However, it will soon be in trouble. ” Gan Mao said, “Qin is a very powerful state，and our sovereign is also very wise. Therefore, we know every detail of the situation in Han, However，you said that your state is not yet in severe trouble. How can you say that?” Zhang Cui said, “If Han were really in trouble, we would have yielded to Chu, If this were the case, I wouldn’t have dared come here. “ Gan Mao said，“I see. Please don’t mention that again.” Gan Mao then went to the palace to tell Qin’s king, “Gongzhong has firm control of the state of Han, If he can win over the support of the troops of Qin, he will confront Chu. Now the troops of Chu have besieged Yongshi for five months and we still have not sent our troops from Mount Xiao to assist it. Thus we will badly damage our relationship with Han. As a result, Gongzhong will feel very bitter towards us and therefore overlook government affairs. Accordingly,Gongshu will lead the state to yield to Chu in the south and make peace with it. If Chu and Han unite with each other，Wei won’t dare to act against their will‘ Thus Chu will conspire to invade our state with the power of the combined military force of these three states. If this is the case，the situation will be suitable for them to attack Qin. I don’t know whether it is more advantageous for us to sit idly and wait for their aggression or to attack the enemy states on our own initiative.” The king of Qin said, “Good idea!” Finally he dispatched troops from Mount Xiao to help Han-