楚围雍氏韩令冷向借救于秦
The Troops of Chu Besieged Yongshi and Han Sent Ling Xiang to Qin to Ask for Reinforcements
【原文】
楚围雍氏，韩令冷向借救于秦，秦为发使公孙昧入韩。公仲曰子 以秦为将救韩乎？其不乎？”对臼秦王之言曰：‘请道于南郑、蓝田以 人攻楚，出兵于三川以待公/殆不合（军于南郑）矣。”公仲曰奈何？” 对曰秦王必祖张仪之故谋。楚威王攻梁，张仪谓秦王曰：‘与楚攻梁, 魏折而入于楚。韩固其与国也，是秦孤也。故不如出兵以劲魏。’于是攻皮氏。魏氏劲，威王怒，楚与魏大战，秦取西河之外以归。今也，其将 扬言救韩，而阴善楚，公恃秦而劲，必轻与楚战。楚阴得秦之不用也，必 易与公相支也。公战胜楚，遂与公乘楚，易三川而归；公战不胜楚，塞三 川而守之，公不能救也。臣甚恶其事。司马康三反之郢矣*甘茂与昭献 遇于境，其言收玺，其实犹有约也。”公仲恐，曰然则奈何？”对曰: “公必先韩而后秦，先身而后张仪。（以 ）公不如亟以国合于齐、楚，秦必委国于公以解伐。是公之所以外者仪而已，其实犹之不失秦也。”
【今译】
楚国军队包围了雍氏，韩国派冷向到秦国请求救兵，秦国为此派使 者公孙昧到了韩国.公仲说您认为秦国将营救韩国还是不营救？”公 孙昧回答说秦王说：‘请你们取道南郑、蓝田对楚国发动进攻，秦国从 三川出兵来接应您的军队/大概不会跟您会师了 公仲说：“那怎么办 呢？”公孙昧回答说广秦王一定会遵循张仪以前的计谋^楚威王攻打魏 国，张仪对秦王说：‘跟楚国一起进攻魏国，魏国就会转而跟楚国联合。 韩国本来就是它们的盟国，这样一来，秦国就孤立了。所以不如派兵来壮大魏国。’于是楚国军队进攻皮氏，魏国军队很强劲，楚成王愤怒了， 楚军和魏军展开大战，秦军占领了西河以外的土地回国。如今，秦国扬 言营救韩国，而暗地里跟楚国交好，您倚仗秦国的援助而强劲，一定轻易跟楚军开战，楚国暗中知道秦军不会给您提供实质上的帮助，一定 会轻易跟您开战。您战胜了楚国，秦国就会跟您一起侵凌楚国，换得三 川回国；您不能战胜楚军，秦军就会堵塞三川并严加防守，您不能解救。 我很讨反这种事。司马康已三次往返郢都了，甘茂和昭献在边境会晤, 他们商量要接受官印，其实好像约好要进攻韩国。”公仲害怕了，说：“这 样一来怎么办呢？”公孙昧回答说：“您一定要先为韩国打算周到而不要 完全依赖秦国的援助，先完善自己的策略而不要落入张仪的圈套。您 不如赶紧让自己的国家跟齐国和楚国结盟，秦国一定会投靠您来解除被进攻的威胁。这样一来，您所排斥的仅仅是张仪而已，而实际上不会失去跟秦国的交情。”
The troops of the state of Chu besieged the region of Yongshi and the state of Han sent Ling Xiang to the state of Qin to ask for reinforcements. For this reason, Qin sent Gongsun Mei to Han on a diplomatic mission. Gongzhong asked, “Do you think the state of Qin will send troops here to rescue us? Or do you think it won，t?” Gongsun Mei replied, “The king of Qin declared? 4Please send troops to cross the areas of Nanzheng and Lantian to attack the state of Chu, and I will dispatch my troops to march through the region of Sanchuan to support your armies.，Probably he will not join forces with you, ” Gongzhong asked, “What shall I do then?” Gongsun Mei replied，“Certainly the king of Qin will follow Zhang Yi’s old strategy. When King Wei of Chu attacked the state of Wei, Zhang Yi suggested to Qin，s king, ‘If you join the state of Chu in attacking the state of Wei, Wei will yield to Chu. The state of Han is already their ally. Thus our state will be isolated. So，it would be better if you send reinforcements to help Wei and thus boost its morale.' Then the troops of Qin attacked the region of Pishi. The troops of Wei were formidable，and King Wei of Chu was vexed. As a result, the troops of Chu and those of Wei engaged in a bitter war with each other. So the troops of Qin took occasion to seize the region beyond Xihe and returned to Qin, Now Qin declares that it will assist Han, but it will secretly establish good relations with the state of Chu. Because of Qin’s assistance, you will feel strong and therefore will confront the troops of Chu overconfidently. However, the troops of Chu secretly know that Qin won’t really help you, so they will also attack you. If you defeat Chu, Qin will join you in invading Chu，and therefore will trade some land for the area of Sanchuan and then withdraw their troops. If you cannot defeat Chu, the troops of Qin will besiege Sanchuan and defend it strongly, and therefore, you will be unable to reoccupy it. I hate this kind of base conduct. Sima Kang has travelled several times to the capital of Ying of the state of Chu, and Gan Mao has met Zhao Xian on the border. They both declared that they would accept posts provided by their allies. However，in fact they have made an agreement to attack you.”Gongzhong was scared and asked, “In this case， what shall I do then?” Gongsun Mei replied, “You should plan for your state and not rely only on the state of Qin. You should plan your future and avoid falling into Zhang Yi’s trap. Hence, you’d better lead your state to build an alliance with the state of Qi and the state of Chu as soon as possible. Thus the state of Qin will submit to you to avoid your
aggression. Then you will only isolate Zhang Yi and still maintain good relations with the state of Qin."