138.mommy track ：母亲路线
a career path in which a woman declines rapid advancement in order to spend time with her family.
女性的职业模式。指女性不愿晋升过快，以便有更多时间和家人相处。
millions of women in the 1990s are choosing the mommy track over climbing the corporate ladder.
90 年代，数以百万计的妇女宁愿走母亲路线也不愿攀登公司的官阶。
139.monopoly ：垄断
a domination of the market by a single company.
由单一公司统治市场的局面。
the breakup of monopolies creates competition, which leads to better quality and lower prices for the public.
打破垄断可以产生竞争，这会给公众带来更好的质量和更低的价格。
140.oligopoly ：寡头垄断
a market condition in which there are few sellers, enabling them to influence price and other factors.
少数商家占有市场，因此他们可以操纵价格和其他因素。
the u.s. auto industry is an oligopoly, because there are only three main producers.
美国汽车工业是寡头垄断的行业，因为只有3 家主安生产商。
141.pac man defense ：帕克曼防卫
an attempt to prevent a hostile takeover in which a targeted company bids to take over the hostile firm.
被定为兼并对象的公司通过出价收购敌对公司，从而阻止其恶意收购。
the out-throat 1980s made strategies like pac man defense essential to companies who wanted to survive a hostile
takeover.
在竞争残酷无情的 80 年代，对于那些希望躲过恶意兼并的公司来说，帕克曼防卫之类的战略手段太重要了。
142.paper profit ：纸上盈利
an unrealized profit due to appreciation in value of something owned but not yet sold.
对拥有的某种商品进行估价而计算出来的利润，因为商品没有出手，利润尚未实现。
jack’s business showed a paper profit last year simply due to the appreciation.
因为评估了公司的所有的资产，去年杰克的生意才有纸上盈利。
143.paradigm shift ：改组
a term by a ceo to inform his company that there will be major changes made.
公司总裁通知公司上下将有重大变化时所用的词。
the ceo of a major computer software manufacture announced a paradigm shift to his executives today.
一家大型软件生产商的总裁今天宣布要对其管理人员进行改组。
144.peter principle ：彼得原则
a statement that every employee in a hierarchy tends to rise to the level of his or her incompetence.
一种认为在等级森严的公司里，每个职员都想升到其无法胜任的位置的说法。
the term “peter principle” has become quite popular among the american work force.
在美国的劳动力大军里，常可听到”彼得原则”这个术语。
知识和信息正成为公司最有价值的资产，而原材料商品的价值越来越低。