专业词汇翻译:高盛财经词典 - 汉英对照 K

中文术语英文术语英文解释开放性基金open-end funda mutual fund that continues to sell shares to investors, and will buy back shares when investors wish to sell 开放性信贷open end credita pre-approved loan that may be used repeatedly up to a certain limit. 开市前交易pre-market tradingtrading done before the regular market opens. 开支expensemoney spent by a firm to continue its ongoing operations. money spent or costs incurred that are deductible and reduce your taxable income. 开支比率expense ratiothe percentage of the assets that were spent to run a mutual fund. it includes things like management and advisory fees, travel costs, and 12b-1 fees. the expense ratio does not include brokerage costs for trading the portfolio. 看涨的多空套做bull spreadan option strategy in which maximum profit is attained if the underlying security rises in price. either calls or puts can be used. the lower strike price is purchased and the higher strike price is sold. the options have the same expiration date. 看涨的纵向多空套做bull vertical spread an optimistic strategy used by investors who feel that the market price of a commodity will appreciate, but wish to limit the downside potential associated with an incorrect prediction. 抗鲨措施shark repellentany number of measures taken by a corporation to discourage an unwanted takeover attempt. 可变成本variable costa cost that changes in proportion to a change in a company's activity or business. 可变寿险保单variable life insurance policya life insurance contract that provides financial compensation to the named beneficiaries in the event of the insured's death. the insurance company guarantees payment of a minimum amount plus an additional sum according to the performance of a separate account, usually invested in equities or other relatively high-yielding securities. 可持续增长率sustainable growth ratethe maximum growth rate that a firm can sustain without having to increase financial leverage.

calculated as:

roe x (1 - dividend-payout ratio) 可磋商修改的negotiablea term relating to the price of a good or security which is not firmly established. a term relating to a good or security whose ownership is easily transferable from one party to another 可互换fungibilitythe interchangeability of listed options, futures contracts, and other instruments dependent upon identical terms. 可互换物品fungiblesgoods, securities, or instruments that are equivalent and, therefore, are interchangeable. 可见供应invisible supplystocks of commodity that are available for delivery upon futures contracts, but whose quantities cannot be accurately identified. 可交换债务exchangeable debtsimilar to convertibles, except this type of debt can be converted into the shares of a company other than the issuer (usually a subsidiary). 可交换证券exchangeable securitya security that grants its holder the right to exchange it for the common stock of a firm other than the issuer. 可买回优先股callable preferred stocka type of preferred stock that carries the provision that the issuer has the right to call in the stock at a certain price and retire it. 可买回债券callable bonda bond that can be redeemed by the issuer prior to its maturity. usually a premium is paid to the bond owner when the bond is called. 可卖回债券put bonda bond that allows the holder to force the issuer to repurchase the security at specified dates before maturity. the repurchase price is set at the time of issue, and is usually par value. 可延长债券extendable bonda bond issue with a maturity that can be extended to a longer period at the option of the issuer. 可支配收入disposable incomethe amount of after-tax income that is available to divide between spending and personal savings. 可转换次级票据convertible subordinated notea short-term debt security (note), that can be changed into common stock (convertible) and ranks below other loans (subordinate). 可转换公司信用债券convertible debentureany type of debenture that can be converted into some other security. 可转换优先股convertible preferred stockpreferred stock that can be converted into common stock at the option of the holder. 可转换债券convertible bond bond that can be converted into a predetermined amount of the company's equity at certain times during its life. convertibles are sometimes called cvs. 可转换证券convertiblessecurities, usually bonds or preferred shares, that can be converted into common stock. ?可自由支配收入discretionary incomethe amount of an individual's income available for spending after the essentials have been taken care of. 空头猛跌，大量抛空以使价格下跌bear raidan illegal practice whereby investors attempt to push the price of a stock lower by taking large short positions and spreading unfavorable rumors about the target firm. 恐慌性出售panic sellinghigh volume selling brought about by sharp price declines. 控股公司holding companya parent corporation that owns enough voting stock in another corporation to control its board of directors (and, therefore, controls its policies and management). 扣除利息及税项前盈利ebitan indicator of a company's financial performance calculated as:

revenue - expenses (excluding tax and interest) 扣除利息、税项及折旧前盈利ebitdan indicator of a company's financial performance calculated as:

revenue - expenses (excluding tax, interest, and depreciation) 扣除利息、税项、折旧及摊销前盈利ebitdaan indicator of a company's financial performance calculated as:

revenue - expenses (excluding tax, interest, depreciation, and amortization) 扣除利息、税项、折旧、摊销及重组成本前盈利ebitdaran indicator of a company's financial performance calculated as:

revenue - expenses (excluding tax, interest, depreciation, amortization, and restructuring costs) 库存、存货inventoryinventory can be either raw materials, finished items already available for sale, or goods in the process of being manufactured. inventory is recorded as an asset on a company's balance sheet. 库存股treasury stockwhen a company repurchases its common stock and holds this stock in the company's treasury. 库存证券发行treasury offeringthe issuance of an additional class of security already existing in a firm's treasury. 库存置存成本carrying cost of inventory the cost of maintaining inventory in a company's warehouse. 库存周转率inventory turnovera ratio that shows how many times the inventory of a firm is sold and replaced over a specific period.

generally calculated as:

sales

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾

inventory

however, it may also be calculated as:

cost of goods sold

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average inventory

跨国企业multinational corporationa corporation that has its facilities and other assets in at least one other foreign country. sometimes referred to as transnational corporation.