专业词汇翻译:高盛财经词典 - 汉英对照 Q

中文术语英文术语英文解释72定律rule of 72a rule stating that in order to find the number of years required to double your money at a given interest rate, you divide the compound return into 72. the result is the approximate number of years that it will take for your investment to double. 七大工业国g-7seven of the world's leading countries that meet periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues. 七大工业国group of seven (g-7)seven of the world's leading countries that meet periodically to achieve a cooperative effort on international economic and monetary issues. 期初库存beginning inventorythe book value of goods, inputs, or materials available for use or sale at the beginning of an inventory accounting period. 期货futuresa financial contract that encompasses the sale of financial instruments or physical commodities for future delivery, usually on a commodity exchange. futures contracts try to "bet" what the value of an index or commodity will be at some date in the future. 期货合约futures contractan exchange traded agreement to buy or sell a particular type and grade of commodity for delivery at an agreed upon place and time in the future. futures contracts are transferable between parties. 期货利率协议future rate agreement (fra)a forward contract that determines an interest rate to be paid or received on an obligation beginning at a start date sometime in the future. 期货市场futures marketan auction market in which participants buy and sell commodity/future contracts for delivery on a specified future date. trading is carried on through open yelling and hand signals in a trading pit. 期末库存ending inventorya book value of goods, inputs, or materials available for use or sale at the end of an inventory accounting period. 期末一次性偿还贷款bullet loanany loan that requires a balloon payment at the end of the term and anticipates that the loan will be refinanced in order to meet the balloon payment obligation. 期末一次性偿还债券bullet bonda regular coupon paying debt instrument with a single repayment of principal on the maturity date. 期权optiona privilege sold by one party to another that offers the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call) or sell (put) a security at an agreed-upon price during a certain period of time or on a specific date. 期限durationthe measure of the price sensitivity of a fixed-income security to an interest rate change of 100 basis points. calculation is based on the weighted average of the present values for all cash flows. 期限maturitythe length of time until the principal amount of a bond must be repaid. the end of the life of a security. 期限tenorthe term or life of a contract. 其他长期负债other long term liabilitiesa balance sheet item that would include items such as remaining leases, future employee benefits, deferred taxes, and other obligations that do not currently require interest payments. 其他流动负债other current liabilitiesa balance sheet entry used by companies to group together current liabilities that are not assigned to common liabilities such as debt obligations or accounts payable. 其他流动资产other current assetsa balance sheet item that includes the value of non-cash assets like prepaid expenses and accounts receivable due within one year. 企业倍数enterprise multiplea ratio used to determine the value of a company. the enterprise-multiple looks at a firm as a potential acquirer would, because it takes debt into account - an item which other multiples like the p/e ratio do not include.

enterprise value

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ebitda

企业重组reorganizationa process designed to revive a financially troubled or bankrupt firm. a reorganization involves the restatement of assets and liabilities, and communication with creditors in order to make arrangements for maintaining repayment. 企业价值eva measure of a company's value. calculated as market capitalization plus debt & preferred shares, minus cash & cash equivalents. 企业价值enterprise valuea measure of a company's value. calculated as market capitalization plus debt & preferred shares, minus cash & cash equivalents. 企业价值/ebitda（企业倍数ev/ebitdaa ratio used to determine the value of a company. the enterprise-multiple looks at a firm as a potential acquirer would, because it takes debt into account - an item which other multiples like the p/e ratio do not include.

enterprise value

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ebitda

企业融资corporate financeany financial or monetary activity that deals with a company and its money. 企业债券corporate bonda debt security issued by a corporation. 企业治理corporate governancethe relationship between all the stakeholders in a company. this includes the shareholders, directors, and management of a company, as defined by the corporate charter, bylaws, formal policy, and rule of law. 企业自我竞争corporate cannibalisman act of self-infringement upon market share by corporations through the issuance of new products. also known as "market cannibalization." 企业自由现金流free cash flow for the firm (fcff)a firm's operating income less expenses, taxes, and changes in net working capital and investments. 气球型期权balloon optionan option for which the notional payments increase significantly after a set threshold is broken. 气球型期限balloon maturitya repayment schedule for a bond issue where a large number of the bonds come due at a one time (normally at the final maturity date). a final loan payment that is considerably higher than prior payments. 汽车销售额auto salesthe major producers of domestic automobiles report sales monthly. these numbers are seasonally adjusted by the u.s. department of commerce and are available to the public one to five business days after the end of each month. 契约covenanta promise in an indenture, or any other formal debt agreement, that certain activities will or will not be carried out. 契约indenturea contract between an issuer of bonds and the bondholder stating the time period for re-payment, amount of interest paid, if the bond is convertible (and if so, at what price or what ratio), and the amount of money that is to be re-paid. 前向整合forward integrationa form of vertical integration that involves expanding a business so it directly distributes its products. 强制买回保障hard call protectionthe period during the life of a callable bond where early redemption by the company is not permitted. 强制转换forced conversionwhen the issuer of a convertible security exercises their right to call the issue. this forces the investor to convert their security into the predetermined number of shares. 清算、清理liquidation when a business or firm is terminated or bankrupt, its assets are sold and the proceeds pay creditors. any leftovers are distributed to shareholders. 全民生产总值gnpan economic statistic which includes gdp plus any income earned by residents from their overseas investments, minus income earned within the domestic economy by overseas residents. 全民生产总值gross national product (gnp)an economic statistic which includes gdp plus any income earned by residents from their overseas investments, minus income earned within the domestic economy by overseas residents. 全球存托凭证gdra bank certificate issued in more than one country for shares in a foreign company. the shares are held by a foreign branch of an international branch. the shares trade as domestic shares, but are offered for sale globally through the various bank branches. a financial instrument used by private markets to raise capital denominated in either u.s. dollars or euros. 全球存托凭证global depository receipt (gdr)a bank certificate issued in more than one country for shares in a foreign company. the shares are held by a foreign branch of an international branch. the shares trade as domestic shares, but are offered for sale globally through the various bank branches. a financial instrument used by private markets to raise capital denominated in either u.s. dollars or euros. 全球宏观策略global macro strategya hedge fund strategy that involves holding long and short positions in various equity, fixed income, currency, and futures markets. the holdings are based primarily on overall economic (and political) views of various countries (macroeconomic principles). 全球基金global funda mutual fund that can invest in companies located anywhere in the world, including your own country. 全球投资表现标准global investment performance standards (gips)ethical standards to be used by investment managers for creating performance presentations that ensure fair representation and full disclosure of investment performance results. 全球一体化globalizationthe tendency of world investment and business to move from national and domestic markets to a worldwide environment. 全球债券global bondbonds that can be offered within the euromarket and several other markets simultaneously. 全球注册股票global registered sharea share issued and registered in multiple markets around the world. 全权委托指令discretionary orderan order giving a broker the ability to decide when to buy/sell securities at the best possible price for the customer. some discretionary orders place restrictive terms to limit the amount of discretion the broker has. 全新投资项目greenfield investmentwhen a company or government invests money to construct a project in basic components. 权益方stakeholderone who has a share or an interest, as in an enterprise. 权益会计法equity accountinga method of accounting whereby a corporation will document a portion of the undistributed profits for an affiliated company that they own a position in. 全资拥有子公司wholly owned subsidiarya subsidiary whose parent company owns 100% of its common stock.