binocular hemianopia <Chinese>双眼偏盲
binocular microscope <Chinese>双目显微镜
Binswanger disease<Chinese> 宾斯万格病（皮质下脑病）
biopsy <Chinese>活检
Biot's respiration <Chinese>比奥呼吸（间歇性呼吸暂停，见于颅内压增高）
bipolar neuron <Chinese>双极神经元
bitamporal <Chinese>颞侧
bitemporal hemianopia <Chinese>颞侧偏盲
bithionol <Chinese>硫双二氯酚
black-out syndrome <Chinese>黑蒙综合征
blackouts <Chinese>黑朦
bladder <Chinese>膀胱
blastoneuropore <Chinese>胚神经孔
blepharoptosis <Chinese>睑下垂
blepharospasm <Chinese>睑痉挛
blink reflex <Chinese>瞬目反射
blink <Chinese>眨眼
blood-brain barrier <Chinese>血脑屏障
blood-CSF barrier <Chinese>血脑脊液屏障
blood-nervus barrier <Chinese>血神经屏障
Blumenau's nucleus <Chinese>布路门奥核（楔核外侧核）
Blumenbach's clivus <Chinese>布卢门巴赫斜坡（与枕骨底突相连的蝶骨斜坡）
Blumenbach's process <Chinese>筛骨钩突
blurring <Chinese>模糊
body of lateral ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室体部
body， corpus， complex <Chinese>体
Bonnier's syndrome <Chinese>邦尼埃综合征（前庭神经外侧核或前庭束损害）
Bornholm disease <Chinese>流行性肌痛
Bourneville's disease <Chinese>结节硬化症
boutons en passant <Chinese>旁结
boutons terminaus <Chinese>终结
bouts <Chinese>发作
bowel <Chinese>直肠
boxing encephalopathy <Chinese>拳击员脑炎
brachcephaly <Chinese>短头
brachial plexus <Chinese>臂丛
brachium conjunctivum <Chinese>结合臂
brachium pontis <Chinese>脑桥臂
brachium <Chinese>臂
brachycranic <Chinese>短颅的（颅指数为81.0至84.9）
bradycardia <Chinese>心动过缓
bradykinesia <Chinese>运动迟缓
bradylalia <Chinese>言语迟缓
bradylexia <Chinese>阅读过慢
bradylogia <Chinese>言语过慢
bradyphemia <Chinese>言语过慢
bradyphrasia <Chinese>迟语症
bradyphrenia <Chinese>智力迟钝（流行性乙型脑炎）
bradypragia <Chinese>动作过慢
brain， encephalon<Chinese> 脑
Brain's reflex <Chinese>布雷恩反射（当病人采取四足位置时，偏瘫性屈曲上臂伸直）
brainstem <Chinese>脑干
briskly <Chinese>活跃
Brissaud's syndrome <Chinese>交叉性面痉挛偏瘫综合征
Broca's area <Chinese>布若卡氏区
Brodmann's areas <Chinese>布劳德曼区（大脑皮层细胞结构分区）
bromazepam <Chinese>溴基安定
bromazolam <Chinese>宁神定
bromocriptine <Chinese>溴隐亭
Brown-Sequard syndorme <Chinese>脊髓半切综合征
Brudzinski sign <Chinese>布鲁金斯基征
Bruns' syndrome <Chinese>布伦斯综合征（第四脑室包囊虫眩晕综合征）
Budge's center <Chinese>布吉氏中枢
Buerger disease <Chinese>闭塞性血栓性脉管炎
bufetolol <Chinese>丁呋心安
Buiswangen disease <Chinese>缺血性白质脑病
bulbar paralysis <Chinese>球麻痹
Burdach's columns <Chinese>布尔达赫柱（脊髓楔束）
Burdach's fasciculus <Chinese>布尔达赫束（大脑上纵束）
Burdach's fibers <Chinese>布尔达赫纤维
Burdach's fissure <Chinese>布尔达赫裂（脑岛外侧面和岛盖内面间裂）
Burdach's nucleus <Chinese>布尔达赫核（楔束核）
buspirone <Chinese>丁螺环酮
cabernous sinus <Chinese>海绵窦
cacesthesia <Chinese>感觉异常
cachinntion <Chinese>癔病狂笑
cafe au lait spots <Chinese>咖啡牛乳色斑
caffeine <Chinese>咖啡因
Caffey disease <Chinese>婴儿骨皮质增生症
Cajal's cells <Chinese>卡哈尔细胞（星形胶质细胞）
Cajal's double method <Chinese>卡哈尔双重染色法（显示神经节细胞）
Cajal's method <Chinese>卡哈尔染色法（显示星形胶质细胞）
calan <Chinese>卡兰
calcar avis <Chinese>禽距
calcarine fissure <Chinese>距状裂
calcified <Chinese>钙化
Calleja's islets <Chinese>卡耶哈岛（海马回嗅觉小岛）
callosal suleus <Chinese>胼胝体沟
callosum<Chinese> 胼胝体
caloric nystagmus <Chinese>温热性眼球震颤
caloric test<Chinese>冷热试验
Canavan disease <Chinese>海绵状脑白质营养不良症candida <Chinese>念珠菌
canine hysteria <Chinese>犬惊病
canine spasm <Chinese>痉笑
caprylhydroxamic acid <Chinese>辛酰氧肟酸capsule <Chinese>囊
carbamazepine <Chinese>卡马西平
carbechal <Chinese>氨甲酰胆碱
carbenicillin <Chinese>羧苄青霉素
carbidopa <Chinese>卡比多巴
cardiac plexus <Chinese>心丛
cardio-accelerating center<Chinese>心加速中枢
cardio-encephalopathy <Chinese>心性脑病
cardio-inhibitor center <Chinese>心抑制中枢
cardioneurosis <Chinese>神经性循环衰弱
cardioplegia <Chinese>心麻痹