名人教英文：英诗赏析：they flee from me（2）
上周谈到，十六世纪诗人sir thomas wyatt的they flee from me讲述遭所爱离弃，并以此寄寓仕途失意。
首段他用不再亲近他、纷纷跑开的鹿，比喻女性，到第二段才申明题旨：
thanked be fortune it hath been otherwise
twenty times better; but once in special,
in thin array after a pleasant guise,
when her loose gown from her shoulders did fall,
and she me caught in her arms long and small;
therewithal sweetly did me kiss,
and softly said, "dear heart, how like you this?
这段开头用的英语相当浅白和口语化：it hath (have) been otherwise twenty times better，作者忆述过往的美好时光，描绘与爱人的亲密片段。相比第一段借用鹿的意象作隐喻，这段的表达方式十分直接，甚至有点艳情（erotic）。
末段，作者笔锋一转，由回忆返回现实：
it was no dream, i lay broad waking.
but all is turned thorough my gentleness
into a strange fashion of forsaking;
and i have leave to go of her goodness
and she also to use newfangleness.
but since that i so kindly am served,
i would fain know what she hath deserved.
作者强调刚才所说的不是梦（it was no dream），但现在爱人已弃他而去（into a strange fashion of forsaking）。他反讽地说，他有权离开她（i have leave to go of her goodness），她也有权追寻新欢（she also to use newfangleness）。
形容词newfangled解作新奇的或贪新的。最后他语带讽刺地指自己乐得看见她有何下场：but since that i so kindly am served, i would fain （即gladly） know what she hath deserved。kindly有两重意思，第一解作她待我这么「好」 ，是反讽；第二个意思比较古老，解作natural to its kind，暗示女人本性皆善变。
这首诗展现「早期现代英语」的特点。虽然一些字词如newfangleness和fain至今已不常用，但现代英语的用字和文法在十六世纪已开始成形，所以十六世纪英语与当今英语大致相通。例如it was no dream和现时的口语无异；i lay broad waking的lay即lie（躺卧）的过去式，文法和今天的英语一样。因此，大家不用对英语「古文」望而却步。
英语单词词汇学习：
forsake：放弃、抛弃
1. lie（躺卧的过去式，过去分词是lain，但要留意lie解作说谎时，过去式和过去分词是lied
2. 铺放，过去式和过去分词都是laid
leave： 许可