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名人教英文:Lying in bed还是laying in bed?

名人教英文:lying in bed还是laying in bed?

众所周知,说谎的英文是lie。lie作这个解释时,现在分词为lying,过去式和过去分词均为lied。不过,lie解作「躺下」、「给平放」、「位于」等意思时,过去式是lay,过去分词是lain,因此很容易和另一动词lay混淆。

lay的现在分词是laying,过去式和过去分词都是laid,有「摆放」、「铺设」、「下(蛋)」等意思。下面的例子显示两者在文法上的分别:

‧the cat is lying on the roof. 这里用的是lie的现在分词,和the roof之间有介词on连接。
‧i laid the letter on my desk. 这里用的是lay的过去式,直接跟the letter。

lie的其他例子

1. 躺着:the old man has lain motionless in his bed for more than an hour.

2. 位于:lantau island lies to the west of hong kong island.

3.(事情)在于、基于(跟in):hong kong's strengths lie in its favourable geographical location, well-developed infrastructure and adherence to the rule of law.

4.(责任)属于(跟with):the responsibility for keeping the environment clean lies with each and every one of us.

5. 处于(某种状态):agricultural land in the new territories amassed by developers has lain fallow for many years pending development.(lie fallow原指田地处于休耕状态,引伸指一些珍贵资产闲置不用。)

lay的其他例子
1. 铺设:the workers are laying tiles on the pavement.

2. 下(蛋):these hens lay eggs every day.

3. 归(咎)于:the police laid the blame on the driver for the traffic accident.

4. 准备、安排:lee kuan yew laid the foundations for singapore's economic success.
要分辨lie和lay,最简单的办法是记住lie为不及物动词,不直接带宾语,后面如有名词,须用介词连接;而lay在绝大部分情况都是及物动词,直接连宾语。所以lying in bed不能说成laying in bed。

英语单词词汇学习:

adherence……(对信念、原则的) 坚持
foundations……根基
infrastructure……基建