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名人教英文:比较单位价钱

名人教英文:比较单位价钱

compare the unit price
比较单位价钱

gustav: this is a really handy can of oil for my bike. i thought you could only buy it in large-size cans. and so cheap.
古斯塔夫﹕这罐脚踏车油真方便,我从前以为只可以买到大罐装的。售价还很低廉呢。

fritz: looks good. where did you get it?
弗里茨﹕看来不错。在哪里买的?

gustav: i got it from the 99 cent bargain store at the corner of the high street, so it only cost me 99 cents. that's really cheap.
古斯塔夫﹕在大街拐角处那家九九平价店,所以只卖九十九分钱,便宜得很。

fritz: well i'm not so sure. how much oil is in there?
弗里茨﹕我看未必便宜。罐的容量是多少?

gustav: let me look at the can. 100ml.
古斯塔夫﹕我得看看罐子。一百毫升。

fritz: well i bought one twice the size at the diy store yesterday for $1.20. so if you compare the unit price, your oil cost you 99c for 100ml, mine cost only 60c for 100ml.
弗里茨﹕嗯,我昨天在自助店买的一罐,容量多一倍,价钱是一元二角。假如比较单位价钱,一百毫升你要付九十九分钱,我只须付六十分钱。

gustav: oh dear! not such a bargain after all.
古斯塔夫﹕啊,原来不怎么便宜。

弗里茨说买了一罐脚踏车油﹕i bought one... for $1.20。现在请读者回答一个问题﹕句中的for可不可改为at?

答案是「不可」。说买卖东西的价钱,那价钱应用for带出;不过,假如说明买卖东西每×件是多少钱,那价钱则用at或for带出都可以。所以,第三版《牛津现代高级英汉双解词典》buy字有以下例句﹕(1) he bought it for £2(他用两英镑买下)。(2) he bought them for/at 10p each(他以每个十便士的价钱买下)。谨再举两个例子﹕(1) they sold the sweets for $100(他们以一百元的价钱,把糖果卖了)。(2) they sold the sweets at/for $10 a pound(他以十元一磅的价钱,把糖果卖了)。

双轮脚踏车,英文原名是bicycle﹕bi者,「双」也;cycle者,「轮」也,出于希腊文的kyklos。但是,今天,bicycle听来像是「上一代的用语」,一般说法是bike或cycle﹕bike也可以指摩托车(motorcycle),cycle则一定是脚踏车。驾bike者叫biker,驾cycle者则叫cyclist。

从前,双轮脚踏车还叫velocipede,直译是「迅速的脚」﹕veloc指「迅速」,ped指「脚」,所以「速度」英文叫velocity,百足之虫「蜈蚣」则叫centipede。今天,美式英文还用velocipede一字,说儿童的三轮脚踏车。

此外,双轮脚踏车从前还叫boneshaker,直译是「骨头震动器」,寓意不言可喻。今天,boneshaker一般是指残旧得开起来剧烈震动的车辆。