名人教英文：arrested 圣雄被捕
gandhi bought eighty acres of fertile soil in south africa. he founded (创办) a community called phoenix. it became the headquarters for indian politics. forty to fifty followers of gandhi lived at phoenix. there they promoted (发扬) the simple way of life.
in 1906 there was a new law called the asiatic law amendment ordinance. the law was to prevent further asian immigration to south africa. the whites did not want any more coloured people. under the new law, all indians over the age of eight had to carry a registration card. police could ask to see the card at any time. this was seen as a way to find and deport (驱逐出境) illegal immigrants. gandhi bitterly opposed this law and vowed a campaign of resistance called "truth force".
hundreds and thousands of indians carried picket signs and marched in front of government offices. they protested against what they called the "black law". gandhi publicly announced that he would not register. in january 1908 he was arrested for failing to register. gandhi was convicted (定罪) and sentenced (判刑) to two months in jail. this would be the first of many jail sentences gandhi served while fighting for justice. gandhi eventually worked out a compromise with the government to make voluntary registration.
he was on his way to register when he was attacked by a hindu. the hindu man believed that gandhi had given in (让步) on the issue.
harilal, gandhi's eldest son, was unhappy with his father's strictness. home schooled, harilal longed for a formal education. when harilal married a local girl his father opposed the marriage. gandhi pushed his son into the battle for civil rights in south africa. harilal was arrested. his wife and young son were left alone while he was in prison. harilal blamed his father for the misfortune.
in october 1908 gandhi was again arrested for failing to carry his registration card. he was sentenced to two months of hard labour. later, he got three months more. he spent nine hours a day polishing the asphalt floor and iron door of his cell. by the time he was released in may 1909, his fame had spread beyond south africa and india to the world. his battle for indian rights in south africa had captured the attention of the world press.
gandhi traveled to london to explain his struggle. he published a pamphlet called home rule. it asked great britain to grant independence (独立) to india. he also asked the indian people to return to their traditional ways. harilal was now in full rebellion (反抗) against his father. he left south africa for india. now twenty-three, he desperately wanted the high school education he had been denied. he enrolled in an indian high school. the breach (裂痕) between harilal and his father was now so deep it would never be healed.