名人教英文：principles of peaceful resistance和平抵抗原则
in 1920, gandhi joined the all indian home rule league. he became its first president. he worked tirelessly for india's independence. everything in gandhi helped make him a powerful leader in india. he had courage, vitality (活力), and good humour. although he was fiercely devoted to his cause, a smile would appear from his toothless mouth. he was selfless, always working for the people.
the frail little man in the white dhoti, his wraparound garment (服装), became a beloved symbol of peace and simplicity. gandhi became the greatest hope the people had. he was mahatma (great lord) gandhi.
gandhi toured india in steaming hot weather. he talked to crowds of one hundred thousand people or more in seven months. he preached (讲道) the simple, traditional way of life. he spun (纺织) cotton himself several hours each day. in the community of sabarmati, cotton was planted. only homespun clothing was worn. gandhi prayed daily, chanting, "rama, rama, rama" ("god, god, god"). gandhi wrote articles critical of the british rule. he accused the british of shaking their "gory (血腥的) claws" into the face of india.
the british in india used muslim volunteers in their army. unlike the hindus (印度教徒), the muslims had no problem with military service. gandhi knew if he was to be successful in freeing india, he had to win the support of muslims too. he wanted the hindus and muslims to work together as brothers. gandhi designed a flag for an independent india. it has three colors, red for hindus, green for muslims, and white for purity.
on 5 february 1922, a large demonstration for indian independence at chauri chaura turned violent. the police clashed with the marchers and opened fire. when the police ran out of ammunition (弹药), the enraged crowd attacked them. they murdered some of the policemen. this horrified gandhi.
on 22 march 1922, gandhi was arrested for sedition (煽动叛乱). he was convicted and sentenced to six years in prison. many indians wept as the smiling gandhi was led off to prison. he believed that every time he went to prison, he was bringing the day of indian independence closer. he was content (满足) in prison. he arose at four in the morning to pray and meditate (冥想) for six hours. he read books and wrote letters. he spent hours spinning thread. but he did not serve the whole sentence. when he became sick with appendicitis (盲肠炎), he was freed.
much to gandhi's sorrow, increasing violence between hindus and muslims broke out. gandhi began a twenty-one day fast for an end to the violence. on the twenty-first day, hindus and muslims came together to pray. gandhi ended his fast.