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电影Films Unit5第一课时--牛津初中英语9A知识点

一、 重点词汇

重点词语搭配

put one’s effort into “全力以赴做某事” make progress “取得进步”

take a deep breath “深深地吸一口气” attract one’s attention “吸引某人的注意”

out of breath “气喘吁吁地” consider sb. as … “把某人当作…”

hold one’s breath “屏住呼吸”

二、语法点拨

1. 过去完成时

(1) 基本用法

① 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作,也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示,还可能通过上下文来表示。例如:We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year.

到去年年底,我们已经学了两千个单词。

② 表示由过去的某一时刻开始,一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态,常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。例如:When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes. 当我们到达车站的时候,他们已经等了二十多分钟。

③ 叙述过去发生的事情,在已叙述了过去发生的事情后,反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时,常使用过去完成时。 例如: Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。

④ 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。例如: I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。

⑤ 过去完成时常常用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中,这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例如: He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。

⑥ 由when, before, after, as soon as, till/until引导的在状语从句中, 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在前,用过去完成时; 发生在后,用一般过去时。例如: When I woke up, it had already stopped raining. 我醒来时雨已停了。

⑦ 动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法,希望,打算或意图等。 例如: They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙,但没有及时赶到那里。

(2) 动词构成

had + 过去分词

(3) 句式变化

【真题演练】

① When we got to Yushu airport, we were told that they more than 500 people from the ruins(废墟) by earthquake.( 2010四川达州)

A. has saved B. saved C. had saved D. have saved

② The teachers¬¬_____the office for a few minutes when we arrived. We didn’t meet them.(2009常州)

A. had been away from B. had left C. have been away from D. have left