重点难词辨析
some 与 any之区别
some 和 any 都有"一些"的意思,都可作形容词、代词,可修饰或代替可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词,但两者用法不同。
一、some 一般用于肯定句中。例如:
I can see some flowers . 我能直到一些花。
There is some milk in the glass . 杯子里有一些牛奶。
二、any 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。例如:
— Can you see any bread on the table ? 你看到桌子上有面包吗?
—Yes , I can see some . 是的, 我看到一些。
—Can you see any girls in the picture ? 你能看到图画上的女孩吗?
—No , I can't see any . 不, 我一个也看不到。
三、some 可用于表示请求、邀请、希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中。例如:
— Can you give me some bread ? 你能给我一些面包吗?
— Certainly . Here you are . 当然可以,给你。
Would you like some bread ? 你想要些面包吗?
同学们,请看,Polly 给我们编出了一句顺口溜:
some 用于肯定句,疑问句、否定用 any ,请求、邀请与期待,仍用 some 代 any 。
do you like 与 would you like
Do you like … ? 意为"你喜欢……吗?""你爱……吗?"等,是提问者问对方习惯上喜爱什么,并不指目前一时爱好。其后常跟或 doing 结构作宾语。例:
Do you like meat ? 你喜欢吃肉吗?
Do you like playing basketball ? 你喜欢打篮球吗?
其肯定回答为 Yes , I do . ; 否定回答为 No . I don't . 。
Would you like … ? 意为 "你想要……吗?""你愿意……吗?",指说话人委婉地向对方提出请求或建议,是指目前的情况,其后常跟名词或 to do 结构作宾语。例:
Would you like some apples ? 你卢吃一些苹果吗?
Would you like to have a cup of tea ?你想喝杯茶吗?
其肯定回答是 Yes , please . 或 Yes , I'd like / love to . ; 否定回答是 No , thanks . / thank you . 或 Yes , I'd like to , but … 等。例:
A : Would you like a bottle of orange ?
B : Yes , please . / No , thanks .
would like 还可缩写为 'd like 。例:
I'd like to have a cup of tea .
幽默趣赏
1. Tom's Answer
Tom : Dad , black hens are more clever than white hens , aren't they ?
Dad : How do you know it , Tom ?
Tom : Well , black hens can lay white eggs , but white hens can't lay black eggs .
汤姆的回答
汤姆:爸爸,黑母鸡比白母鸡聪明,不是吗 ?
爸爸:你是怎么知道的,汤姆 ?
汤姆:喏,黑母鸡能下白色的蛋,而白母鸡不能下黑色的蛋。
2. The Red Ink
Bob : Mum , I'm making a picture of my father . Where is the red ink ?
Mum : What do you want to do with the red ink ?
Bob : I'll colour his nose red .
红墨水
鲍勃:妈妈,我正在画一张爸爸的像,红墨水在哪里 ?
妈妈:你用红墨水干什么 ?
鲍勃:我要把他的鼻子着成红色。
3. A dishonest cat 一只不诚实的猫
There lives a cat in the country . It likes telling lies , so that it glosses over its mistakes .
在乡下,有一只猫,它喜欢说谎,以便掩盖自己的过失。
When it catches a rat , the rat gets away . It says , " You are too thin . I won't catch you until you become fat . "
它捉老鼠时,老鼠逃跑了。它说:"你太瘦了,等你肥了我再捉你。"
It climbs up a tree to catch birds , the birds flies away , and it falls off the tree . It says again:" You are too small. I won't catch you until you becomebig . "它爬树去捉鸟,鸟儿飞走了。它从树上下来又说:"你太小了,等你长大了我再抓你。"