new words
<1>dot n. [C] a small round mark 点；小圆点
Join the dots up to complete the drawing. 把小圆点连接起来，完成这幅画。
Her skirt was blue with white dots. 她的短裙是蓝底白点。
vt. mark sth. with a dot 加小点
Your handwriting is difficult to read because you don't dot your i's. 你写的字很难认，因为你写的i上面不加小点。
The doctor dotted the location of the first incision with a pen before he picked up a scalpel. 医生在拿起手术刀之前用笔在第一切口处作个记号。
<2>drift vi. move slowly on water or in the air 飘动；漂流
She watched the birds as they drifted up into the sky. 她看着鸟儿飞上天空。
Early that morning, a mist drifted in from the sea. 那天一早从海上飘来了一层薄雾。
<3>explode vi. 1. burst with a lot of force and a loud noise 爆炸
A bomb exploded at London's busy railway station this morning. 今晨一枚炸弹在伦敦繁忙的火车站爆炸。
He was driving so fast that his car tire exploded. 他车开得太快，以致车胎都爆了。
2. suddenly increase in number, amount, or degree 急剧增加；激增
The rapidly exploding population in some countries is a serious problem for their governments. 一些国家迅速增长的人口成了其政府面临的严重问题。
Even economists were shocked to see the inflation rate explode overnight. 甚至经济学家对通货膨胀一夜之间爆发也感到震惊。
<4>lightning n.[U] flash of bright light in the sky during a storm 闪电
There was a flash of lightning and then it started raining. 先是一道闪电，接着就开始下起雨来。
That tree was struck by lightning last week. 那棵树上星期被闪电击中。
<5>outward ad.toward the outside 向外
The door opens outward. 这扇门向外开。
New suburbs are pushing outward into previously wooded areas. 新的郊区正向以前的森林地带推进。
<6>weed v.take out wild plants from the ground 除杂草
I've been busy weeding in the garden. 我一直忙着在园子里除杂草。
I'm weeding the vegetable garden—would you like to help? 我正在为菜园除草，你愿意帮忙吗？
<7> underclothes n. (pl.) 内衣；贴身衣服
All his underclothes, his sports socks and his trousers were smeared with dirt. 他所有的内衣、运动袜和裤子都被弄脏了。
<8>stagger vi. walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall 蹒跚；摇晃
She staggered and fell. 她踉踉跄跄地摔倒了。
After he was attacked, he managed to stagger to the phone and to call for help. 遭到袭击后，他摇摇晃晃地走到电话亭打电话求救。
<9>expose vt. 1. fail to protect sb. from sth. dangerous or harmful 使暴露
Don't expose your skin to the sun too much. 不要长时间把皮肤暴露在阳光下。
The soldiers were exposed to great danger. 士兵们面临着极大的危险。
2. make sth. secret known 揭露；将...暴光
His remark exposed his ignorance of the subject. 他的话暴露了他对该学科的无知。
The newspaper story exposed him as a cheat. 新闻报道揭露出他是一个骗子。
<10> exposed a. not covered or protected 暴露的；未受保护的
You should cover your exposed skin with suntan lotion. 皮肤露在外面的部分你应该擦上防晒伤。
The exposed electric wire is very dangerous. 那根裸电线十分危险。
<11>luxury n. 1. [U] great comfort and pleasure, such as one gets from expensive houses, cars, etc. 奢侈；奢华
a luxury hotel/car 豪华旅馆/高档汽车
2. [C] sth. expensive but one does not really need 奢侈品
We can't afford many luxuries. 我们买不起很多奢侈品。
It would be a luxury to be able to have a day off work. 能休一天假是一件奢侈的事。
<12>sector n. 1. [C] a part of an area that is separated from others 区域
There is an enemy attack in the southern sector. 敌人在南部地区发动进攻。
They relocated to a quieter sector of the camp where they could talk comfortably. 他们搬到营地的一个安静区域，以便能更舒适地谈话。
2. [C] a part of business, trade, etc. 部门；行业
In the financial sector, banks and insurance companies have both lost a lot of money. 在金融界，银行和保险公司都蒙受了很大损失。
New government's policy is to change state industries from the public sector to the private sector. 新政府的政策是将国有工业由公转私。
<13>thundervi. make a loud noise in the sky, usually after a flash of lightning 打雷；发出雷鸣般的响声
A voice thundered in my ear. 一个声音在我耳边轰鸣。
The train thundered by, shaking the house. 列车呼啸而过，房子都震动起来。
n.[U] the sudden noise that comes after a flash of lightning 雷；雷声
We had thunder and lightning last night. 昨夜雷电交加。
The thunder from the storm kept him awake all night. 暴风雨中雷声隆隆，使他一宿无眠。
<14>heir n. [C] sb. with the legal right to receive money, property, etc. when the owner dies 继承人
Despite having a large family, they still had no son and heir. 尽管家里人口众多，他俩仍然没有儿子作继承人。
She made her fourth son heir. 她将第四子选作继承人。
& <15>roomy a. having plenty of space 宽敞的
a roomy car 一辆宽敞的汽车
They live in a roomy flat on the first floor. 他们住在一楼一套宽敞的公寓里。
<16>layoutn. [C] a way in which the parts of sth. are arranged according to a plan 布局；安排
The layout of the house is more a series of spaces opening on to each other than separate rooms. 那幢房子的各个房间不是相互隔断的，而是都相通的。
Application forms are often very different in layout and length. 申请表格的格式和长度往往差别很大。
<17>mat n. [C] a piece of material for covering part of a floor 席子；垫子
She put the glass mats on the table. 她把杯垫放在桌上。
Pubs usually have beer mats to put the glasses on and protect the tables. 酒吧里通常有小垫子供放啤酒杯用，同时还可保护桌面。
& <18>tatami n. 榻榻米（日本人铺在房内地板上的稻草垫）
He didn't know that it was rude to step on tatami while wearing shoes. 他不知道穿着鞋上榻榻米是不礼貌的。
<19>limb n. [C] an arm or leg 肢；翼
She sat down to rest her tired and aching limbs. 她坐下来让疲劳酸痛的四肢放松一下。
The students mostly had injuries to their lower limbs. 这些学生大多数下肢有伤。
<20>flesh n. [U] the soft part of the body which is between the skin and the bones, or the soft inner part of a fruit 肉；果肉
The trap had cut deeply into the rabbit's flesh. 诱捕器深深地嵌入了兔子的肉里。
To make apple sauce, you have to remove the skins from the apples and use only the flesh. 要做苹果酱，你必须削去苹果皮，只用果肉。
<21>chap n. [C] a man 小伙子
He's a friendly sort of chap. 他是个挺友好的小伙子。
Be a good chap and open the door for me, would you? 乖孩子，给我开开门好吗？
<22>glimpse n. [C] a quick look 一瞥
One glimpse at himself in the mirror was enough. 他只是想朝镜子里看一下自己。
I caught a glimpse of the driver, but I doubt I would recognize her if I saw her again. 我只见过那个司机一面，我不知道如果再见到她时能否认得出来。
<23>bandage n. [C] a long narrow piece of cloth which is tied around an injury 绷带
She offered to put a bandage on his arm. 她主动提出为他包扎手臂。
She was wearing a bandage round her head. 她头上缠着绷带。
<24>sway vi. move slowly from one side to another 摇摆；摇动
The trees are swaying in the wind. 树在风中摇摆。
She swayed as she danced. 她跳舞时摆动身子。
<25>slope n. 1. [C] the side of a hill or mountain 山坡
There's a very sharp slope just before you reach the top of the mountain. 在你到达山顶之前有一段非常陡的山坡。
It was a beautiful day and there were lots of people on the snowy slopes. 天气很好，积雪的山坡上人很多。
2. [C] a piece of ground that has one end higher than the other 斜坡
The roof is at a slope of 30°. 屋顶呈30度斜角。
The garden was on a south-facing slope which caught the sun. 花园位于可以照到阳光的朝南的斜坡上。
<26>uneasy a. worried or anxious about sth. 心神不安的；担心的
I'm uneasy about the future. 我对未来很感忧虑。
She has a rather uneasy relationship with her mother-in-law. 她与婆婆的关系很不融洽。
<27>heal v. (cause to) become healthy again （使）愈合；（使）康复
The soup will help to heal the broken bone. 这种汤有利于治好骨折。
His broken heart will take a long time to heal. 他破碎的心需要很久才能愈合。
<28>radiation n. [U] （核）辐射
With nuclear power, there is always the fear that there will be a release of harmful radiation. 对核能，人们总担心会有有害的放射性物质泄漏。
Many soldiers suffered radiation sickness after being present, without protection, at the early atomic tests. 在未作防护参与早期的原子试验后，许多军人患了由辐射引起的疾病。
<29>atomic a. 原子的
an atomic bomb 原子弹
<30>dizzy a. feeling unable to stand steadily 头晕目眩的
After another glass of whisky I began to feel dizzy. 又喝了一杯威士忌酒后，我开始感到头晕。
Going without sleep for a long time makes me feel dizzy. 长时间没有睡觉使我头晕目眩。
<31>gum n. 1. [C] firm pink flesh at the base of the teeth 牙龈
If you brush your teeth too hard, your gums may start to bleed. 如果刷牙时太用力, 齿龈就会开始出血。
2. [U] 口香糖
It's impolite to talk to others while you are chewing gum. 一边嚼口香糖一边和人交谈是不礼貌的。
<32>bowel n. (~s) 肠
Eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables can reduce the risk of bowel cancer. 多吃新鲜的水果和蔬菜能够减少肠癌的危险。
<33>ghost n. [C] 幽灵；鬼
Do you believe in ghosts? 你相信有鬼吗？
He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 他那样子好像看见了鬼似的。
<34> after-effect n. [C] a bad effect that continues for a long time after the thing that caused it （不良）后果；副作用
He felt sleepy; that was the after-effect of the drug. 他感到困倦，那是药的副作用。
His love affair had left a bitter after-effect. 他的那段情史留下苦涩的后果。
<35>historical a. relating to history or the past 历史上的
Many historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed. 许多历史文献在图书馆遭轰炸时被毁。
We have no historical evidence for it. 这方面我们没有掌握历史证据。
<36>break off 1. (cause to) become separated from the main part （使）折断
The door handle has broken off. 门把手已经断了。
Mary broke off some of the chocolate to give to the children. 玛丽把巧克力掰开，分了一些给孩子们。
2. stop doing sth. or end a relationship 中止；中断
Our trading connection has broken off owing to a disagreement over prices. 我们的贸易往来由于价格上的分歧而中止。
She broke off with her old classmates when she went away to college. 她上大学后，就和原来的同班同学断绝了往来。
<37>sink into gradually go into a worse condition 恶化，陷入更糟糕状态
Don't let yourself sink into despair. 不要让你自己陷入绝望的境地。
Don't allow yourself to sink into grief. 可别让自己沉浸在悲痛之中。
<38>wanting in sth.not having enough of sth. 某物不足；缺少某物
His behavior was wanting in politeness. 他的行为有失礼貌。
I think she's perhaps a little wanting in charm. 我想她大概是不够迷人。
<39>expect sth. of sb. hope or think it likely that sb. will do sth. 对某人有...期望；指望某人做
The whole family expects great things of him. 全家人对他寄于厚望。
Don't expect too much of him. 不要对他期望太高。
<40>remain of be left or still present after other parts have been removed or used or dealt with 从...留下；剩下
What will remain of the old city if the new road is built through the center? 如果穿越市中心修一条新公路，那么老城还剩下什么呢？
Nothing remained of the body but bones and ashes. 那尸体除了骨头和灰烬什么也不剩了。
<41>make for move in a particular direction 朝...走去；朝...前进
It's getting late; we'd better make for home. 天晚了，我们最好回家吧。
After the concert, the crowd made for the nearest door. 音乐会结束后，人群朝着最近的那个出口涌去。
<42>take sb. in let sb. stay in one's house 收留；接纳
He was homeless, so we took him in. 他无家可归，所以我们收留了他。
Some of the local people take in students to add to their income. 一些当地人为学生提供住宿以增加收入。
<43>be seized with be suddenly affected by a strong feeling 被（强烈的感情）影响或支配
We were seized with a sudden impulse to run. 我们突然萌生了一种想跑的冲动。
I was suddenly seized with a feeling of loneliness. 我突然产生了一种孤独感。
<44>give way to be replaced by sth. newer, better, or different 被...取代
Glass has given way to high-tech materials. 玻璃由高科技材料取代。
Due to the efforts made by the two sides, conflicts have given way to cooperation. 由于双方的努力，冲突已转化为合作。
<45>go into change to a different state or condition, usu. a worse one 陷入
Fur sales went into a sharp decline. 毛皮销量直线下滑。
The thieves have gone into hiding. 盗贼已躲藏起来。
<46>Hiroshima 广岛（日本本州岛西南岸港市，1945年8月6日美国在此投下第一颗原子弹）
<47>Kaz Tanaka 田中和子（日本女子名）
<48>Los Alamos 洛斯阿拉莫斯（美国新墨西哥州中北部城镇，著名的原子能研究中心）