New Words
<1>overwhelm vt. 1. affect sb.'s emotions in a powerful way 使受不了；使不知所措
He was suddenly overwhelmed by a strong feeling of sadness. 一阵强烈的孤独感突然袭上心头。
I was quite overwhelmed by all the flowers and letters of support I received. 我收到的所有鲜花和支持信件使我激动不已。
2. defeat 击败
They were overwhelmed by the enemy. 他们被敌军击败了。
With his great strength, the policeman overwhelmed the robber. 警察用大力制服了抢劫者。
<2>spin v. (cause to) turn around very quickly （使）旋转
I feel faint and the room is spinning. 我感到昏昏沉沉，觉得房间在旋转。
Our washing machine spins the clothes quite fast. 我们的洗衣机使衣服快速转动。
n.[C] an act of turning around quickly 旋转
I hit something on the road, which sent the car into a spin. 我撞到了路上的什么东西，使得车子直打转。
Suddenly, the plane went into a spin. 飞机突然旋转起来。
<3>title vt. give a name to a book, article, etc. 给...取名
Shakespeare titled his play A Mid-summer Night's Dream. 莎士比亚给自己的剧本取名为《仲夏夜之梦》。
Have you found the book titled Water Margin. 你找到书名为《水浒传》的那本书了吗？
n.[C] a name of a book, article, etc. 名称；题目
I can never remember film titles. 我从来就记不住电影的片名。
This next record bears the title The Red Shoes. 下一张唱片的名字就是《红鞋子》。
<4>clinical a. relating to a clinic or hospital 诊所的；临床的
This disease should figure prominently in textbooks of clinical medicine. 这种疾病在临床医学教科书中应该有突出的叙述。
We have had a bit more clinical experience than before. 我们比以前有了更多的临床经验。
<5>react vi. behave in a particular way because of sth. that has happened 反应
People can react badly to certain food. 人们对某些食物会有不良反应。
How did she react when you told her you were leaving? 你告诉她你要离开时她有什么反应？
<6> reactor n. [C] 核反应堆
Some would argue that while nuclear power reactors exist, then the hazard of radiation is inevitable. 有些人争论说只要原子反应堆存在，辐射的危险就不可避免。
The plant's two reactors were shut down in February 2001 out of safety fears. 出于对安全的考虑，工厂的两个核反应堆于2001年2月关闭。
<7>tense a. nervous; not relaxed 紧张的
She was very tense as she waited for the interview. 在等待面试时她很紧张。
You seem very tense. Are you still waiting for that phone call? 你看来很紧张。你还在等那电话吗？
<8>tremendousa.1. very big 巨大的；极大的
The washing machine makes a tremendous noise when it works. 这台洗衣机在使用时发出巨大的噪音。
That kind of job will require you a tremendous effort. 那种工作需要你作出极大的努力。
2. very good; excellent 很好的；非常好的
Thank you for treating me! It's a tremendous dinner! 感谢你招待我！晚餐太棒了！
I've just listened to your album; you have a tremendous voice. 我刚听了你的专辑，你的声音棒极了。
<9>cholesterol n. [U] 胆固醇
The doctor told her that her cholesterol level was much too high. 医生告诉她，她的胆固醇太高了。
This cooking oil is low in cholesterol. 这种烹调油胆固醇含量低。
<10>excess a. more than is usual or necessary 过量的；过多的
Excess exercise can sometimes cause health problems. 过度的锻炼有时会导致健康问题。
We might seem to be carrying excess supplies but they would be necessary in the case of an emergency. 看上去我们所带的东西多了些，但情况紧急时，它们会派上用场的。
n.[sing., U] an amount that is more than what is needed or wanted 过量
An excess of enthusiasm is not always a good thing. 过分热情并不总是一件好事。
They both eat to excess. 他们俩都吃得太多了。
<11>fiber n. (BrE fibre) [C, U] 纤维
A lot of the fiber in the fruit is found in the skin. 人们发现水果的大量纤维都在水果皮中。
Natural fibers, such as cotton, tend to be used in sportswear because they are cooler. 天然的纤维物质，如棉花，往往会用来做运动衫，因为它们穿起来比较凉爽。
<12>circuit n. [C] a closed connection of wires through which electricity can flow 电路
There is something wrong with the electrical circuit. 电路中发现了一点毛病。
There must be a break in the circuit. 电路一定断了。
<13>pump n. [C] a machine for forcing liquid or gas into or out of sth. 泵
water pump 水泵
The doctor removed the contents of her stomach with a stomach pump. 医生用胃泵清除掉她胃里的东西。
vt.make liquid or gas move in a particular direction using a pump （用泵）抽吸
The heart pumps the blood round the body. 心脏推动血液在身体内循环。
We took turns pumping water out of the boat. 我们轮流用泵把船里的水抽干。
<14>attributevt. (~ to) regard sth. as caused by sb. or sth. 把...归因于；把...归咎于
She attributes her success to hard work and a bit of luck. 她把她的成功归于努力和一点点运气。
We attribute our success to being in the right place at the right time. 我们把成功归因于天时地利。
<15>exterior n. [C] the outside of sth. 外部；外表
He is a gentle man with a rough exterior. 他是一个外表粗鲁但性情温和的男人。
The exterior of the house needs painting. 房子外面需要粉刷。
a.on the outside of sth. 外部的；外表的
In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink. 有些村庄的外墙刷成了粉红色。
Exterior to the main house there is a small building that could be used as an office. 主建筑外面有一个小建筑可用作办公室。
<16>interior n. [C] the inner part or inside of sth. 内部
He had the pictures of the house from the outside but none of its interior. 他有这栋房子的外观图片，但没有内部的图片。
This house has a modern interior. 这所房子的内部很现代化。
a.inside 内部的
The interior walls have pictures on them. 内墙上挂着画。
The paint on the interior doors is in good condition. 室内门上的油漆还很完好。
<17>destructive a. causing serious damage 破坏的
Lack of trust is very destructive in a relationship. 缺乏信任对维持关系有很大的危害性。
They are very concerned about the destructive effects that violent films may have on children. 他们很担心暴力片可能会对儿童产生危害作用。
<18>perceive vt. understand or think of sth. in a particular way 理解；认为
If they perceive that a military challenge threatens their country's interests, they will not hesitate to fight. 如果他们察觉军事挑衅威胁到国家利益，他们会毫不犹豫地奋起反击。
The prime minister will only resign if he perceives there is no other way out of the crisis. 如果首相意识到无法走出危机，就只有辞职了事。
<19> perfectionist n. [C] sb. who always wants things to be done perfectly 完美主义者
She's such a perfectionist that she notices even the smallest mistakes. 她是一个完美主义者，甚至连极其细小的毛病也不会放过。
He's a perfectionist about singing. 他在演唱方面是个完美主义者。
<20>delegate v. give part of one's power or work to sb. in a lower position 授权；委托
The job had to be delegated to an assistant. 那项工作只得交给一位助手去办理。
The boss doesn't know how to delegate. 老板不知道如何用人。
vt.choose sb. as a representative 委派...为代表
The manager has not decided yet as to whom he would delegate to represent the company at the meeting. 经理还没决定派谁代表公司赴会。
A group of four teachers were delegated to represent the school at the meeting. 由4名教师组成的小组已被派去代表学校参加会议。
n.[C] a person chosen or elected by a group to speak, vote, etc. for them, esp. at a meeting 代表
Delegates have voted for this suggestion. 代表们已经投票赞同这项建议。
Each union chooses several delegates to the yearly meeting. 每个工会选出几位代表参加年度会议。
<21>cycle n. [C] a series of events that are repeated in the same order 循环；周期
the cycle of seasons 四季交替
She complained about the endless cycle of getting up, going to work, and coming home, day after day. 她抱怨生活就是这样起床、上班、回家，日复一日无止境的循环。
vi.ride a bicycle 骑自行车
He cycles to work every day. 他每天骑车去上班。
Shall we cycle into town or go by bus? 我们是骑自行车还是乘公共汽车进城？
<22>emphasis n. [C, U] special attention or importance 强调
The emphasis here is on hard work, not enjoyment. 这里强调的是实干，而不是享乐。
We put a lot of emphasis on work experience. 我们很重视工作经验。
<23>jam n. [C] a situation in which it is difficult to move because there are so many cars or people 堵塞
traffic jam 交通堵塞
We were stuck in a jam for two hours. 我们已经被堵了两个小时。
vt.push sth. somewhere using a lot of force 把...塞入
The newspapers were so tightly jammed in the letter-box that I could hardly get them out. 信箱里的报纸塞得太紧了，我几乎没法把它们拿出来。
He jammed the boxes into the back of the car. 他将盒子全塞到汽车的后部。
<24>stir vt. 1. make sb. have a strong feeling or reaction 使激动；激起
The story stirred the boy's imagination. 那故事激起了男孩子的想象力。
The speech stirred the crowd to take action. 这讲话鼓动了群众们采取行动。
2. move a liquid around with a spoon or stick in order to mix it together 搅拌
Use a spoon to stir the sauce. 用调羹来搅拌调料。
Slowly add the flour, and keep stirring it. 慢慢地加进面粉，不停地搅拌。
<25>outlet n. [C] a way of expressing or getting rid of strong feelings 发泄
Children need an outlet for their energy. 孩子们要有发泄精力的途径。
Writing poems was his only form of emotional outlet. 写诗是他宣泄感情的唯一方式。
<26>physiological a. 生理的；生理学的
They are doing research on the physiological effects of space travel. 他们正在研究宇宙航行对生理的影响。
The cause is unknown, but several physiological and psychological factors have been suggested. 原因还不清楚，但人们提出了几个生理和心理方面的因素。
<27> physiologically ad. 生理上；在生理学上
The man is physiologically sound and healthy. 这个人在生理上是健康健全的。
Physiologically, there is nothing wrong with her. 她生理上没什么问题。
<28>recommend vt.1. advise sb. to do sth. 建议；劝告
I recommend your meeting him first. 我建议你先和他见个面。
The doctor recommended that she should stop smoking as soon as possible. 医生建议她尽快戒烟。
2. say that sb. or sth. is good, or suggest them for a particular purpose or job 推荐
Can you recommend any cheap hotels? 你能否推荐些便宜的酒店？
The headmaster agreed to recommend the teachers' suggestions to the government. 校长同意把教师的建议推荐给政府。
<29>financial a. concerning money 财政的；金融的
Tokyo and New York are major financial centers. 东京和纽约是主要的金融中心。
The government is now in financial difficulties. 政府目前财政困难。
<30> financially ad. 金融上；财政上
The plan is not financially suitable. 从财政角度看，这个计划不恰当。
It is very common for students to be financially dependent on their parents. 学生在经济上依赖父母是很常见的事。
<31>independent a. not dependent on or controlled by other people or things 独立的；自立的
She never borrows anything; she's far too independent for that. 她从不借东西，她独立性太强，不愿意那样做。
Now that Jean's got a job she's financially independent. 现在琼已找到了一份工作，经济上独立了。
<32>stimulate vt. make sb. or sth. more active 刺激；激励；激发
Praise can stimulate students to further efforts. 表扬能激励学生进一步努力。
The book was trying to stimulate discussion of the problem of global warming. 这书试图激起人们对全球变暖问题的讨论。
<33>temper n. [sing., U] a particular emotional state or mood 心情；脾气
He is in a bad temper. 他心情不好。
I found it hard to keep my temper with so many things going wrong. 这么多事情都变得一团糟，使我很难不发脾气。
<34> even-tempered a. having a calm good temper; not easily become angry 性情平和的；不易激动的
Charles had been described as a gentle and even-tempered man. 查尔斯被描写成是个温柔、性情平和的人。
They will stay even-tempered from morning to night. 他们从早至晚都性情平和。
<35>priority n. 1. [C] sth. important that must be done first 优先处理的事
You must decide what your priorities are. 你必须确定先做什么。
The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority. 管理部门似乎并不认为办公室安全是需要优先考虑的问题。
2. [U] the right to be given attention first 优先权；重要性
Official business takes priority over personal requests. 公事应放在私事之上。
Priority will be given to those who are fluent in spoken English. 口语流利者将优先考虑。
<36> self-worth n. [U] 个人的内在价值；自尊
When self-worth is gone, so goes the power to face problems and to solve them. 人一旦失去了自尊，便失去了面对问题、解决问题的能力。
Without work, a man can lose the precious sense of self-worth. 人要是失去了工作，也就可能失去宝贵的自尊。
<37>viewpoint n. [C] a particular way of thinking about sth. 观点；看法
It's my viewpoint that the price is much too high. 我认为价格实在太高。
Everyone will have a chance to make their viewpoint known. 每个人都将有机会发表自己的观点。
<38>troublesome a. causing trouble or anxiety 令人烦恼的；麻烦的
My cough is rather troublesome today. 今天我的咳嗽真讨厌。
Her knee has been troublesome for quite a while. 她膝盖不舒服很长时间。
<39>politician n. [C] sb. who works in politics, esp. an elected member of the government 政治家
Every politician dreams of leading his own party one day. 每一个政治家都梦想有一天能领导自己的党派。
<40>deadline n. [C] a time by which sth. must be done or completed 最后期限
I have a March deadline for the novel. 三月是我完成这部小说的最后期限。
There's no way I can meet that deadline. 我无论如何也没法在最后期限前完成。
<41>flee v. (fled, fled) leave somewhere very quickly in order to escape from danger 逃跑；逃避；逃脱
Everyone fled from the building when the fire alarm sounded. 当火警响起时，人人都从大楼里逃出来。
She fled the room in tears. 她满脸泪水地逃出了房间。
Phrases and Expressions
<42>among other things used when one is mentioning one or more things out of a large number 除了其他事情之外
It would be right to describe your father, among other things, as a very hard-working person.除了别的方面的特点外，你父亲还是一个勤恳工作的人。
Among other things, the school lacks staff. 学校除了别的方面资源短缺外，还缺少教职人员。
<43>blow one's top become very angry suddenly 勃然大怒；大发雷霆
My father will blow his top when he sees what happened to the car. 我父亲看到车子这个样子肯定会大发雷霆。
When he told her how much it cost, she blew her top. 当他告诉她那花了多少钱时，她勃然大怒。
<44>on one's trail on one's way 在...路上
On one's trail through life, one must discern right from wrong and establish one's own set of morals. 在人的一生旅途中，必须分清是非，建立自己的道德原则。
He met many difficulties on his trail to success. 在取得成功的路途上，他曾遇到许多困难。
<45>cut down reduce the amount of sth. 减少...的数量
The factory cannot afford to employ any more workers, so it will have to cut down on production. 这个工厂没有能力再增雇工人，所以它只好减少生产。
In times of rising prices, we must cut down on our spending. 在物价上涨时期，我们必须紧缩开支。
<46>keep in mind remember sth. 记住
You must keep your parents' needs in mind when you make your decisions. 当你作决定时，不要忘了你父母的需要。
We must keep in mind that the younger people might not like the idea. 我们必须考虑到，年轻人可能不喜欢这个想法。
Proper Names
<47>Robert S. Eliot 罗伯特·S. 埃利奥特（人名）
<48>Nebraska 内布拉斯加州（美国州名）
<49>Ben Franklin 本·富兰克林（1706–1790，美国政治家、科学家）