第一阶梯
直接引语变间接引语练习题
1. He asked ________ for the computer.
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _______.
A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film
C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film
3. “Please close the window,” he said to me.
He ______ me _____ the window.
A. said to; to close B. told to; closing
C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close
4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _________.
A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher
C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher
5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _____- very naughty.
A. said his mother that the boy was
B. said to his mother that the boy is
C. told his mother that the boy was
D. spoke to his mother that the boy was
6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked.
She asked ________.
A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you
B. whether I had already got well
C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.
7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”
He asked me _________.
A. am I a Party member or a League member
B. was I a Party member or a League member
C. if I was a Party member or a League member
D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.
8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _______.
A. how am I getting along
B. how are you getting along
C. how I was getting along
D. how was I getting along
9. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what the matter is B. what the mater was
C. what’s the matter D. what was the matter
10. He said, “Don’t do that again.” He _____ me _______ that again.
A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don’t do
C. told me; don’t do D. told me; not to do
答案与简析：
1. D 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
2. D 一般疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句.
3. C 直接引语为祈使句, 变间接引语时, 主句中的谓语动词往往根据直接引语的口气换用ask (请求), tell (告诉), order (命令), invite (邀请), warn (警告), advise (建议)等, 而直接引语中的谓语动词要变成动词不等式。即ask/tell/order/invite/warn/advise sb. (not) to do sth.
4. D直接引语为陈述句, 变间接引语时用that引导(口语中常省略)。
5. C
6. B反意疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。
7. C 选择疑问句要变成whether或if引导的宾语从句。
8. C直接引语为特殊疑问句, 变间接引语时, 用特殊疑问词引导, 并将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。
9. D注意时态的一致。What作主语，the matter（=wrong）作表语。
10. D 参看3。
第二阶梯
阅读下列句子，判断正确与错误，并将错句改正：
1. He has devoted all his life to protect the rare animal, South China tiger.
2. The number of the milu deer have grown year by year.
3. Many of the rare animals and plants are now in the danger.
4. Do you prefer living in the wild to live in the zoo?
5. In fact, nature is far better for recycling than we humans are.
6. The good news is that it is a lot we can do to help.
7. He is not used to live in the big city.
8. The animal has adapted to their new environment.
9. We should take measures to protect our environment.
10. Many the earth’s plants and animals have already died out.
答案与简析：
1. protect改为 protecting, to 为介词, 后加动名词。
2. have 改为has，主语the number，谓语用单数。
3. 去the in danger为固定短语。
4. live 改为living，to 为介词, 后加动名词。
5. for改为 at better at 为固定短语。
6. it改为there， 从句为there be句型。
7. live 改为living，to 为介词, 后加动名词。
8. their改为 its，代词应与主语The animal保持一致。
9. right
10. Many后加 of。
第三阶梯
书面表达
假如你是班长，为组织同学展览向全班作口头通知，主要内容如下：
1. 展览名称及简介：
“大自然的教训”，展览生动而富有教育意义。 它以大量的生物图片告诫人们保持生态平衡的重
要性。
2. 时间与地点： 星期五下午二点半，少年宫。
3. 有关事宜： 凡去参观的同学， 今天下午在班长处预定门票，票价5角并准备好钱。
4. 字数： 100字左右。
参考答案:
Dear classmates,
May I have your attention, please? There will be an exhibition at the Children’s Palace.
We are going to visit it at 2:30 this afternoon.
The exhibition is called “A lesson from Nature”. It is not only interesting but also
instructive. There are a great many pictures on the exhibition. The pictures warn us how
important it is to keep the balance of nature.
Those who want to go and visit it please let me know and place an order for the tickets.
Each ticket is five jiao. By the way, get your money ready.
That’s all. Thank you.
五、习题解答
阅读课文, 完成下面短文, 每空一词
At present, many of the earth’s species have d___1____ out, and others are e__2_____.
Animals and plants must have a c____3____ and clean habitat, w____4____ there is enough food and other resources. When the environment is changed or d___5___, they have to either
a__6_____ to the change or find a new home. When a new species is too strong, some o___7___ species may be in danger. Without all the living things around us, we human beings could not s___8___. Therefore we should take m____9___ to keep animals and plants f__10_____ becoming
endangered.
答案：
1. died 2. endangered 3. comfortable 4. where 5. destroyed 6. adapt 7. original
8. survive 9. measures 10. from
自测题
I. 单项选择
1. What _____ her _____ us?
A. stopped, to join in B. kept, joining
C. kept, from joining D. prevented, joining in
2. I have _____ after supper.
A. used to talk B. get used to walking
C. been used to walk D. used to walking
3. _____ I didn’t like the book but now I do.
A. At first B. First of all
C. For the first time D. First
4. _____ I could see clearly, he had cleaned the blackboard.
A. Before B. Until C. After D. As
5. Our maths teacher is a simple man, who doesn’t _____ his clothes.
A. take care of B. care about C. care for D. look after
6. Is _____ necessary to tell his parents everything?
A. that B. what C. it D. this
7. At present, he is _____ of losing his job.
A. dangerous B. in the danger C. out of the danger D. in danger
8. Will what you said _____ to her?
A. to make any difference B. to make any differences
C. make any difference D. make any differences
9. In America, he had to adapt himself _____ their customs and habits.
A. with B. to C. or D. by
10. We all like Miss Gao because she knows more _____ us.
A. of B. X C. about D. from
11. Either you or I _____ going to do the work.
A. am B. is C. are D. will be
12. Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.
A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be
13. Many doctors and nurses are devoting themselves to _____ SARS.
A. fighting against B. fight against C. be fighting against D. fight with
14. I did _____ I could _____ the blind child.
A. that, take care of B. what, to take care of
C. all, take care of D. everything, take care of
15. _____ of farmland has been used for building.
A. A large number B. A large amount C. The amount D. The number
II. 完形填空
We often hear people saying that the world is getting smaller. They do not (1) mean that
the world is getting smaller,(2).What they mean is that with (3) means of transport, we can now (4) every part of the world very (5).We can cross from New York to Paris in (6) than hours on a plane, and helicopters can now be used to explore (探索) mountains and valleys that were (7) to explore on foot. There used to be a time when many (8) of the world had never been seen or visited by foreigners. The great forest in Brazil is so (9) that in some places it is (10) to walk through them. Mt.Jolmo Lungma, the world's highest mountain was for (11) thought to be too dangerous (12) .But in 1953 a New Zealander called Edmurd Hillary with his Nepalese (13),Tenzing reached the top of Mt.Jolmo Lungma, and now (14) huge machines ,roads are being cut through the forest of Brazil.(15) there was a time when the world was very small. Two thousand and three hundred years ago the Egyptians and the Greeks thought that the world (16) as it does on this old map. They thought the world was flat and that (17) it was the ocean. Then man began to use ships to explore the world. They found that (18) they sailed further away from their home continents, the world became (19).And they (20) new countries and continents that they did not (21).As they built bigger and bigger (22),they were able to sail further and further away. So they have to make new (23) to show the countries they found. Today there are (24) undiscovered countries left to be put on the map, but there are many new worlds to discover out in (25).
( ) 1. A. surely B. really C. commonly D. clearly
( ) 2.A.of course B. for example C. in fact D. in all
( ) 3.A.strange B. expensive C. old D. modern
( ) 4.A.see B. know C. reach D. call
( ) 5.A.quickly B. slowly C. directly D. freely
( ) 6.A.more B. less C. faster D. longer
( ) 7.A.pleasant B. necessary C. painful D. difficult
( ) 8.A.continents B. countries C. parts D. oceans
( ) 9.A.far B. thick C. many D. tall
( ) 10.A.impossible B. easy C. no use D. harmful
( ) 11.A.the first time B. many times
C. the time being D. a long time
( ) 12.A.to stay at B. staying at C. to climb D. climbing
( ) 13.A.guide B. teacher C. leader D. researcher
( ) 14.A.for B. from C. with D. without
( ) 15.A.So B. But C. For D. On
( ) 16.A.watched B. remained C. felt D. looked
( ) 17.A.around B. between C. among D. in
( ) 18.A.since B. before C. because D. as
( ) 19.A.smaller B. bigger C. richer D. more beautiful
( ) 20.A.developed B. built C. discovered D. ruled
( ) 21.A.ask for B. know about
C. belong to D. think about
( ) 22.A.buses B. machines C. cars D. ships
( ) 23.A.maps B. signs C. places D. paintings
( ) 24.A.many B. a few C. no D. any
( ) 25.A.the distance B. no time C. space D. sight
III. 阅读理解
A.
Americans use more water than any other people in the world. If we continue to use water at the rate we do now, we will soon not have enough to meet our needs. In 1980, 40 billion gallons were used each day in the United States. In 1990, 700 billion gallons were used. The average Americans uses almost 90 gallons of water a day for personal use. And much move water is needed to make the things American people like to have. For example, it takes thousands of gallons of water to make one pound of beef for the dinner table. It takes more than 100, 000 gallons of water to make a car. If we include these uses of water, the average American uses about 2000 gallons of water a day.
1. The best title for the passage is _____.
A. Water Use in the United States
B. The Problem of Water Use
C. Water Use in the World
D. Water Use in the Twentieth Century
2. It takes _____ water to make a car than to make one pound beef.
A. much B. more C. less D. fewer
3. Americans used _____ gallons of water each day in 1990.
A. 40 billion B. 90 billion
C. 700 billion D. 200 billion
4. Which is not true according to the passage?_____
A. Americans may run short of water in the future.
B. Americans use more water than ever.
C. Americans use as much water as they used to.
D. The more things Americans like to have, the more water is needed.
5. What is the author’s opinion?_____
A. Americans don’t have enough water.
B. Americans don’t use enough water.
C. Americans like to use water.
D. Americans use too much water.
B. Air Pollution
Air pollution is caused by many things. Great clouds of smoke come from factories. Cars send smoke and fumes (烟、废气) into the air .Burning waste fills the air with bits of dirt. Even burning leaves add smoke to the air. Sometimes, planes cannot find their landing spots through smoke. Smoke of all kinds is bad to breathe and can do great harm to the body.
Still, we cannot live without air. We must find a way to clean the air we have.
In time, we may have factories that are run by atomic energy (原子能).Our cars may run on smoke-free electric power (无烟的电能).Scientists are also working on new ways to help the oil burned by cars from making fumes. Waste may be burned in the sand on ocean floors.
These changes might keep our air clean in the years to come. But until then, many
scientists are looking for ways to make air cleaner now.
6.On the whole, this passage is about____.
A. dirty air B. electric power
C. atomic energy D. burning waste
7.Air pollution is caused by____.
A. factories and clouds B. cars and oil
C. smoke and fumes D. waste burned on ocean floors
8.The story does not say so, but it makes you think that .
A. stopping air pollution is hard
B. dirty air is blown away by the wind
C. planes cannot fly through smoke
D. it is impossible to make dirty air cleaner
9.Scientists are now working on ways to____.
A. keep planes from flying
B. bury sand on ocean floors
C. stop air pollution
D. burn leaves without smoke
10.Why would electric cars cut down on air pollution?
A. They go only a short way.
B. They are easier to keep clean.
C. Electric power has no smoke.
D. Electric cars need no energy.
IV. 书面表达
认真阅读下列对话，请转述父子谈话的主要内容，要求不要句对句的重复，只要把主要意思表达出来
即可。
Tom: Good morning, Dad. Would you mind helping me?
Mr. Black: What’s it, Tom?
Tom: Could you lend me five pounds?
Mr. Black: That seems a lot. What do you want so much money for?
Tom: Tomorrow is Jane’s birthday and she is having a party, I’ll have to get a new shirt and tie.
Mr. Black: But I gave you some money last week. Have you already spent it?
Tom: No, but I need it to buy a present for Jane. I’m her boyfriend. I have to look handsome.
Mr. Black: I don’t think girls worry about things like that any more. When will you pay me back?
Tom: As soon as I can, Dad. Next month, perhaps.
Mr. Black: Next year is more likely. Oh, well, here you are.
自测题答案：
I. 1—5 CBAAB 6—10 CDCBC 11—15 ADA BB
II.1—5 BADCA 6—10 BDCBA 11—15 DCACB
16—20 DADBD 21—25 BDACC
III. 1—5 ABACD 6—10 ACACC
IV.
One morning, Tom asked his father if he could help him. Mr. Black wanted to know what was the trouble. Tom asked Father to lend him 5 pounds, but Mr. Black wondered what he wanted so much money for since he had given him some the week before. Then Tom explained his girlfriend, Jane, was having a birthday party the next day, and that he would have to buy some new clothes for himself and a present for her. Mr. Black agreed at last and asked his son jokingly when he would pay the money back.