unit５ nelson mandela-a modern hero 第5单元 纳尔逊·曼德拉——一位当代英雄（核心单词）
1. quality n.［u,c］质，质量，品质；性质；特性；特点
modesty is one of his good qualities. 谦虚是他的美德之一。
one quality of wood is that it can burn. 木料的一个特点是能燃烧。
常用结构
high quality 优质
poor quality 劣质
average quality 一般的品质
wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality. 优质的葡萄酒比劣质的葡萄酒价格要高。
易混辨析
quality/quantity
quality 质，质量
quantity 数量；大量
for study, quality often matters more than quantity. 就学习而言，质量往往比数量更重要。
quantities of food were on the table. 桌上摆了大量食物。
there is a small quantity of water left in the bottle. 瓶子里还剩下少量的水。
完成句子
①他仔细检查家具的品质。
he examined carefully.
②他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。
he has of a successful businessman.
答案：①the quality of the furniture
②all the qualities
2. devote vt.献身；专心于
常用结构
devote oneself/one’s energy/one’s time to (doing) sth. 奉献/精力/时间于某事
sb. be devoted to (doing) sth. 某人献身做某事
he devoted all his life to china’s aviation. 他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。
he’s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals. 他终生献身于保护珍稀动物。
he is devoted to helping the poor. 他致力于帮助穷困的
联想拓展
类似于devote ... to ... 的结构中to为介词的词组还有：
object to 反对
attend to 办理；照顾；注意听
look forward to 期待；盼望
be opposed to 反对
devote ... to 贡献给……
stick to 坚持
lead to 导致
pay attention to 注意到
be related to 与……有关
see to 务必做到； 负责……
refer to 提到；指的是
turn to 翻到； 求助于
单项填空
the idea for the new machine came to mr baker to his invention. (2010·陕西师大附中月考)
a. while he was devoted b. while devoting
c. while devoting himself d. while devoted
答案及解析：选a。考查be devoted to这一结构。注意不要误选d项，因为主句的主语the idea与从句的主语mr baker/he不一致，因此从句中的主语和谓语动词he was不能省略。
3. equal adj.相同的；平等的
vt.等于，比得上
n.同等/相等的人或物
he asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces. 他让我们把苹果切成三等份。
none of us can equal her in intelligence. 我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她。
常用结构
be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任某事/ 做某事
a equals b a等于b
without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/无比
are you equal to (doing) the task?你能胜任这项工作吗？
yao ming is a basketball player without equal in china. 在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员。
单项填空
he doubted whether she would be@to the task.
a.equal b. similar c. familiar d. content
答案及解析：选a。be equal to sth. 胜任，符合句意。content意为“满意的，满足的”不符句意，其他选项也均与句意不符。
4. reward n.报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱）
vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）
常用结构
as a reward (for) 作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）
give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬
in reward for 为酬答……；作为奖励……
reward sb.(with ...)for sth. 为某事（而以……）报答……
易混辨析
reward/award/prize
reward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。
award 作名词指正式或官方 “给予，颁发，授予”（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词时可以跟两个宾语，award sb. sth.把某物授予/判给某人。
prize只能作名词，表示“奖赏、奖金、奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。
it’s a reward for virtue. 那是对美德的回报。
it is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 他工作很辛苦，报酬却很少，这不公平。
how can i reward your kindness? 我如何酬谢你的好意呢？
jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog. 男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来，为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑。
单项填空
①martin luther king, a great black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was the nobel prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace. (2010·11·河南洛阳月考)
a. rewarded b. given c. awarded d. offered
②they the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers.
a. rewarded b. awarded c. charged d. paid
③the girl got nothing in for her kindness, which made her very sad.
a. prize b. award c. medals d. reward
答案及解析：①：选c。句意为：反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁·路德·金，因其对世界和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。award指正式或官方的“授予，颁发”。
②：选a。考查固定搭配。句意为：他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花作为奖赏。reward sb. with ...用……酬劳某人。
③：选d。由句意可知，应该是对做好事的报答。in reward for 为……而报答。