unit 5 music 第5单元 音乐(核心单词)
1. attach vt.&vi. 系上;缚上;附加;连接
常用结构
attach ...to ...附上;连接;系上;把……归于……
attach importance/significance/value to sth. 认为某事物重要/有意义/有重要价值
attach oneself to 依附; 参加(党派等)
be attached to 热爱;依恋;附属于
i attached a wire to the radio. 我在收音机上接了一根金属线。
he’ll attach the label to your luggage. 他会把标签系在你的行李上。
how can you attach the blame for this accident to the driver? 你怎么能把这次事故的责任归于司机呢?
although he was seriously ill, he took part in the basketball match because he attached great value to his school sports record. 尽管他病得很重,他还是参加了学校的篮球比赛,因为他把学校的体育纪录看得很重。
he is deeply attached to his mother. 他深爱着自己的母亲。
this hospital is attached to the medical college nearby. 这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
完成句子
①很多人认为成为富人和名人很重要。
many people attach becoming rich and famous.
②我们要把发展经济的工作放在首位。(primary)
we should attach the development of economy.
答案: ①great importance to ②primary importance to
2. form vt. 形成;构成;排列;(使)组成;养成(习惯)
联想拓展
form用作名词时的固定搭配:
as a matter of form 作为一种形式;礼貌上
fill out/in a form 填表格
take the form of ... 采取……的形式
in the form of ... 以……的形式
be in/out of form 处于良好/不良的竞技状态
易混辨析
form/shape/figure
这三个名词的一般含义为“形状”或“外形”。
form是其中最普通、使用范围最广、含义最多的词。它可以表示哲学上讲的“形态”,文艺上的“体裁”,雕刻艺术中的“形状”,以及普通含义的“方式”或“形式”等。此外,form也可以表示人或动物的“体形;外形”。
shape可以表示隐约可见的“人影”或“物影”、“几何图形”、人体“外形”、引人注目的人物或塑像等。
figure指物时,侧重指轮廓;指人时,着重指姿态。
a plan began to form in his mind. 一项计划在他脑海里形成。
one of the most important tasks for parents is to help and promote to form a child’s character. 父母的一个重要任务就是要帮助和促进孩子个性的形成。
the soldiers formed into a line. 士兵们排成一行。
flour, eggs, fat and sugar form the main contents of a cake. 面粉、鸡蛋、脂肪和糖是做蛋糕的主要原料。
this disease takes the form of high fever and sickness for several days. 这种病呈现持续几天的发热和呕吐症状。
(1)单项填空
this band is of eight boys and girls, including two japanese.(2009·12·福建泉州检测)
a. made b. consist c. attended d. formed
(2)翻译句子
①老师让学生排成一排。
②他们正在用陶土做碗。
答案及解析:(1) 选d。句意为:这支乐队由8个男孩和女孩组成,其中有2个是日本人。“由……组成”可用be made up of, be formed of或consist of表示。
(2)①the teacher formed the students into a line.
②they are forming bowls from clay.
3. brief adj. 简短的;简要的
n. 搞要;大纲
briefly adv. 简要地;短暂地
mozart’s life was brief. 莫扎特的一生是短暂的。
it’s not part of my brief to train new employees. 培训新雇员不是我工作范围内的事。
常用结构
in brief
to be brief简言之;简单地说;一句话
翻译句子
①请简洁地说。
②总之,你做得不好。
答案:①please be brief. ②in brief, your work is bad.
4. earn vt. 赚;挣得;获利;赢得;获得
常用结构
earn one’s living=make a living 谋生
earn money= make money 挣钱
earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声
易混辨析
earn/obtain/acquire/get/gain
earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价,有功而获得。
obtain 着重指通过巨大努力、要求得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
acquire书面用语,强调通过不断地、持续地努力而获得某物,也指日积月累地获得。
get一般用语,使用较广。可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力。
gain侧重指经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就,或指获得某种利益或好处。
she earned a living as a parttime secretary. 她靠做兼职秘书为生。
he failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。(巨大努力、盼望已久的)
his achievement earned him respect. 他的成就赢得人们的尊敬。(靠自己的劳动)
he gained much good. 他得到很多好处。(利益或好处)
he got the first prize in the listening contest. 他在听力比赛中获得了一等奖。(使用较广)
单项填空
the day i discovered that the good name my parents had brought our whole family the respect of our neighbours.(2009·12·福建福州检测)
a. earned b. deserved c. given d. used
答案及解析:选a。按照句意,此处应为“赢得”的意思。earn的宾语可以是name, fame, reputation, position等。
5. hit n. (演出等)成功;打击;打
vt.&vi. 击中;碰撞;袭击;(精神上)打击;使突然想起
常用结构
hit it 猜中,说对了
hit on/upon 偶然碰上;偶然找到;偶然想起
be/make a hit (with sb.)(给某人)留下很好的第一印象;使某人一见钟情
易混辨析
hit/strike/beat
hit 用于表示“命中,击败”。
strike 指有意识的动作,也可以指无意识的动作,可能是用力地打一下,也可能是多下。敲钟必须用strike。
beat 指有目的地在某物上连续不断地击打、轻打、重打都可以。如:心脏的跳动。
her new series is a smash hit. 她的新系列节目极为成功,引起轰动。
the farmers were hit hard by the drought last winter. 去年冬天久旱不雨,农民受到严重打击。
it hit me all of a sudden that he had already come back.我突然想到他已经回来了。
单项填空
the song was a at once and its recording tape rose to no.1 on the best-seller list. (2009·12·江西玉山检测)
shock b. strike c. hit d. beat
答案及解析:选c。按照句意此处表示“(演出等方面)成功”。
6. performance n. [c]演出;演奏;表演;成绩;成果;表现;[u]履行;实行;完成
常用结构
put on a performance 上演;表演
give a performance 进行表演
the evening performance begins at 8 o’clock.晚上的演出8点开始。
he failed completely in the performance of his duty.他完全没有履行他的职责。
our basketball team’s performance has been excellent.我们篮球队的表现一向优异。
联想拓展
perform v. 履行,执行,做;表演,演出;工作运转(好/不好)
the engine seems to be performing well.这台机器看上去运转良好。
perform an experiment 做实验
perform an operation 做手术
perform a ceremony 出席仪式
单项填空
it was known to him that they would invite him to in the new year’s concert.(2009·12·江西安福中学检测)
a. perform b. reach c. attain d. accomplish
答案及解析:选a。动词perform此处用作不及物动词,意为“表演;演出;演奏”,其他三个词意为“达到;完成”,不符合句意。
7. familiar adj. 熟悉的;常见的;亲近的
联想拓展
get/be familiar with 主语通常是人,表示“熟知某人/某事”。
be familiar to 主语一般为物,表示“(对某人来说)某物是很熟悉的(事物)”。
are you familiar with this type of car? 你熟悉这种型号的汽车吗?
are you familiar with the rules of baseball? 你熟悉棒球的规则吗?
these facts are familiar to you all. 这些事实你们大家都很熟悉。
french was as familiar to him as english. 他像熟悉英语那样熟悉法语。
完成句子
①我可以当你的导游,因为我对这个地方非常熟悉。
i can be your guide because i this area.
②他的名字是我所熟悉的,但是我想如果我再看到他,恐怕认不出来了。
his name me, but i don’t think i can recognize him if i see him again.
答案: ①am familiar with ②is familiar to