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高一英语下册知识点: Unit15 The necklace. 项链 (三)

重点句型解析

1.…but I don't think I know you. 但是,我想我不认识你。

But I don't think we can go. 但是,我想我们不能去。

注意:这两句话的英语表达方式与汉语不同。汉语主句中的动词“想”用肯定式,而宾语从句中的动词用否定式。英语则相反。一般来说,在英语中,假如主句动词是 think, suppose 这类的动词,后接从句要表达否定,其否定形式应该前移到主句。

e.g. ① I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。

② I don't suppose I shall be back until 8 o'clock. 我想八点以前我回不来。

③ I don't think he will come. 我认为他不会来。

2 .But, just this once. After all, this ball is very important. 不过,就只这么一次。这次舞会毕竟很重要。

(1) just this once 是一个单成分句(one-member sentence),其本身是一个相对完整的语言单位,不需要增补其它的句子成分,意思是承接上文而来 —— 虽然要花一大笔钱,但是要花就花这一次吧。在第一场里也有类似的单成分句: Years of hard work, very little food, only a small cold room to live in and never a moment's rest. 这个单成分句是由四个名词词组构成的。

(2) after all“毕竟”、“终究”、“到底”,它有两个含意:

①“要知道……”、“别忘了……”,表示说话人对别人的态度,用来说服或提醒对方,引出听话人似乎忘记了的某个重要的论点或理由。在表示这个意思时,一般把 after all 放在句首。课文的句子就有这层含意。又如:

Why is he not allowed to stay here? After all, it's his home.

为什么不让他呆在这儿呢?(要知道)这毕竟是他的家。

It's not surprising you're tired. After all, you were up until eleven last night!

难怪你感到疲倦。别忘了,你昨天晚上 11 点才睡觉呢。

②“虽然有前面说过的话”或“和预期的情况相反”,表示说话人意思的转折,有“虽然……,但毕竟……”的含意。在表示这层意思时, after all 一般放在句末。例如:

Mathilde thought it was a diamond necklace, but it wasn't real one after all.

玛蒂尔德原以为那是一条钻石项链,但那终归不是真的钻石项链。

3.Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball. 我和比尔在舞会上的确玩得很痛快。

(1)注意本句中的 Pierre and I, 一般不说 I and Pierre. 英语中习惯把别人放在前面,而把自己放在后面,以示谦逊,如 he and I, my brother and I, Mr. White and I, 而汉语通常说“我和他”、“我和弟弟”、“我和怀特先生”。例如:

Mr. White and I were invited to the ball. 我和怀特先生受到邀请参加舞会。

My brother and I worked day and night to keep the family.

我和我兄弟为了养家糊口而日夜操劳。

但在承认错误的时候,英语往往是把 I 放在其他人的前面,以示勇于认错。例如:

I and Mr. White are to blame. 我和怀特先生都应当负责。

I and my brother made the mistake. 我和我兄弟犯了这个错误。

(2)Pierre and I did have a good time… 中的 did 是助动词,用在肯定句中,起强调作用,带有感情色彩,可译成“真的”、“的确”等词语。其后的动词要用原形。又如:

You do look nice today. 你今天看来真是漂亮。 He does speak well. 他的确会说话。

We did need help those days. 在那些日子里我们的确需要帮助。

4.Years of hard work, very little food, only a small cold room to live in, and never a moment's rest. 数年辛劳,食不果腹,屈居寒舍,片刻也不得休息。

这是个单成分句,由四个名词词组组成。这种句子是一个相对完整的语言单位,不需要增补其他的成分。这句话可理解为:

We had ten years of hard work but we had little food to eat. We had only a small room to live in and we never had a moment's rest. 句中的 to live in 是动词不定式短语作定语,修饰 room. 动词不定式作定语有两种情况。

① 与所修饰的词有动宾关系(若动词不定式是不及物动词,必须加上适当的介词)。例如:

I have a lot of work to do today. 他今天有许多工作要做。

He is a nice man to work with. 他是一个能与之一起好好工作的人。

② 与所修饰的词有主谓关系,即被修饰的词是动词不定式的逻辑主语。

例如: He is always the last one to leave the office. 他总是最后一个离开办公室。