93. 状语表示法
<一> 例句
the suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child.
橡子太重小孩拿不动。
<二> 语法分析
不定式或短语做句子的状语，可以用来表示目的、结果、程度、原因等。此外，有很多成分可以充当状语，如副词、介词短语、不定式、分词或分词短语、形容词、词组、符合结构及从句等。用不定式或补丁是段誉修饰整个句子时，可以称之为句子状语。用某些副词来修饰整个句子，则称之为句子副词。
<三> 触类旁通
（1）the test questions are kept secret, so as to prevent cheating.
考题都保密，以防止作弊。
语法分析：不定式作状语，表示目的。
（2）we must go cautiously, to be sure.
的确，我们得小心谨慎。
语法分析：不定式修饰整个句子，可以称之为句子状语。
（3）she behaved extremely badly.
她表现很不好。
语法分析：副词主要就是作状语，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词等。
（4）bicycling is a good exercise; moreover, it doesn't pollute the air.
骑自行车是很不错的运动，还不会污染空气。
语法分析：许多副词可起到连词的作用，使得句子与上下文联系更紧密，从而使句子更为流畅。
（5）i am so sorry for what i said to you.
我为我对你说的话而道歉。
语法分析：介词短语作状语，可以表示时间、地点、方式、原因以及其他情况。
（6）i am used to going about alone.
我习惯于独来独往。
语法分析：与形容词同形的副词，称为副词小品词，它们多数都可以作状语。
<四> 巩固练习
1. you are far too clever have done that.
2. i can send a car over fetch you.
3. she [kind] waited for me.
4. she went to party and did not study her lesson.
5. there were no news; she went on hopping.
6. my opinion, the scheme is unsound.
7. i am going thre plane.
8. he had pains his back all the time.
答案：1. to 2. to 3. kindly 4. therefore
5. nevertheless 6 in 7. by 8. in