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主语和谓语一致-思马得英语100个句子搞定英语语法(87)

87.主语和谓语一致

<一> 例句

an iron and steel workds, with several venhicle factories, is being built in that city.
在这个城市正在修建一座钢铁厂和几家车辆公司。

<二> 语法分析

这个句子里的主语是单数,虽然后面跟有with引导的短语,但因为这种短语多为修饰语,所以谓语仍用单数形式,也就是句子的主语和谓语动词一致。主谓一致是谓语动词在人称和数的方面和主语保持一致。主谓一致在人称方面比较简单,因而复杂的是二者在数的方面的一致关系。

<三> 触类旁通

(1)the suggestion put forward by the scientists has been accepted.
科学家们提的提议被接受了。
语法分析:主语和谓语的一致,要不受修饰语的影响。

(2)training drivers is not an easy task.
训练司机不是一件容易的工作。
语法分析:由一个抽象概念作句子的主语,一般要用单数谓语。

(3)to try and fail is better than not to try at all.
尝试而失败要比根本不去尝试好。
语法分析:当主语是and连接的两个名词时,在指一样东西时用单数谓语,若指两样东西则用复数谓语。

(4)somebody wants to see you.
有人要见你。
语法分析:由each, some, any, no以及every等构成的代词作主语时,谓语要用单数形式。

(5)the committee is to deal with the matter.
委员会将处理这件事情。
语法分析:有些集体名词可以跟单数谓语,也可以跟复数谓语,作整体讲跟单数谓语,着重于包含的复数复数成员时,可以跟复数谓语。

<四> 巩固练习

1. mumps [be] fairly rare in adults.
2. mathematics [be] a subject studied nearly in every school.
3. the species of rose [be] very rare.
4. a high proportion of americans [go] to college.
5. most bacteria [grow] best in slightly acid medium.
6. so all [be] well.

参考答案:

1. are(is) 2. is 3. is 4. go 5. grow 6. is