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赖世雄教你学英语语法 句子的构成 1-5:名词短语做主语

赖世雄教你学英语语法

句子的构成

1-5:名词短语做主语

名词短语是由“疑问词+不定式短语)构成。

1.疑问副词

where to live(住哪里)
whether to try again(是否再尝试一次)
when to talk to him(什么时候和他谈)
how to do it(如何做它)

2.疑问代词

what to do(做什么)
whom to see(看谁)
which to buy(买哪一个)
whom to talk to(与谁谈)

注意:

疑问副词构成的名词短语中,疑问副词因为是副词的性质,故不做不定式短语中及物动词的宾语。但疑问代词构成的名词短语中,疑问供词因具有名词的性质,故一定要做不定式短语中动词或介词的宾语。因此what,whom,which在上述名词短语中,分别做do,see,buy,to(介词)的宾语。

名词短语因具名词性质,故亦可做主语,是由名词从句简化而成。
例:where to meet him is not decided yet.=where we should meet him is not decided yet.(在哪里见他还未决定。)
how to handle the problem depends on how much money we can collect.=how we can handle the problem depends on how much money we can collect.(我们如何处理这个问题要视我们能募集到多少钱而定。)