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赖世雄教你学英语语法 关系词 1-10:只能用that的情况

赖世雄教你学英语语法

关系词

1-10:只能用that的情况

在下列情况中,只能用that做关系代词,绝不可使用which,who或whom。

1.序数词之后

序数词:the first 第一 the second 第二…… the last 最后

例:gambling is the last thing that i would do.
(赌博是我最不愿做的一件事。)

the first man that came here was peter.
(第一个来的人是彼得。)

2.避免与疑问词重复

疑问词:what(什么),where(何地),when(何时),how(如何),which(哪一个),who(谁)。

who is the man that is standing there?
(站在那里的人是谁?)

what is it that he is reading?
(他正在读的是什么?)

where is the book that you bought yesterday?
(你昨天买的书在哪里?)

how is the man that called on you a month ago?
(一个月前来拜访你的那个人好吗?)

who that is honest will tell a lie?
(诚实的人谁会说谎呢?)

3.最高级之后

例:he is the best student that i've ever taught.
(他是我教过最好的学生。)

in my view,the most beautiful scene that i've ever seen is mount lushan.
(依我之见,我所见过最漂亮的风景是庐山。)

4.“the very+名词”之后

very做形容词时,是一种强调用法,之前一定置定冠词the。翻译时very一词不必译出口。

例:he is the very man that i met yesterday.
= he is just the man that i met yesterday.
(他正是我昨天遇见的人。)

5.all之后

例:all the students that are studying here are hardworking.
(所有在此念书的人都很用功。)

all that he said is true.
=everything that he said is true.
(他所说的都是实话。)

注意

all之后的关系代词that在所引导的形容词从句中做宾语时,that通常均予省略。

故:all(that)he said is true.
all(that)you have to do is(to)wait.
(你所要做的就是等待。)

6.“the only+名词”之后

例:he is the only friend that i have.
(他是我惟一的朋友。)

7.句中若有两个相同关系代词引导的形容词从句出现时,为避免重复,第二个关系代词通常改用that取代。

例:he works hard,which is a fact which is known to us.(劣)
-----he works hard,which is a fact that is known to us.(佳)
(他很用功,这是我们皆知的事实。)

8.关系代词若做be动词的补语,表示某人的身份时,要用that,不可使用who或which。

例:he is not the man who he was.(×)
he is not the man that he was.(o)
(他已不是当年的他了。)

9.两个名词性质不一,但却共用一个关系代词时,该关系代词要用that取代。

例:look at the boy and the dog that are coming this way.
(注意看正朝这边走来的男孩和狗。)