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赖世雄教你学英语语法 非谓语动词 1-11:不定式短语做宾语补语

赖世雄教你学英语语法

非谓语动词

1-11:不定式短语做宾语补语

具有使役动词意味的不完全及物动词,加了宾语之后,要用不定式短语做宾语补语

此类常用的动词有:

cause,get (促使……)
tell (告诉……)
lead (引导……)
beg,ask (要求……)
allow,permit (允许……)
order (命令……)
advise (劝告……)
want,wish, expect,
persuade (说服……)
intend (期望……)
enable (使……能够……)

例:the sad story caused him to cry.
(这个悲惨故事使得他哭了。)

his speech led me to understand the importance of learning english.
(他的演说引导我了解学英语的重要。)

he advised me not to smoke again.
(他劝我别再吸烟。)

his timely help enabled me to finish it early.
(他的及时帮忙使我能提早完成它。)

i'll get someone to help you.
(我会找人帮助你。)

i wish him to do it.
(我希望他去做此事。)

注意

wish与hope均可表“希望”,但hope不能做不完全及物动词,不可接宾语及不定式做宾语补语。

例:i wish him to do it.(o)
i hope him to do it.(x)

然而两者皆可做完全及物动词,以不定式做宾语。

例:i wish to do it.(o)
= i hope to do it.(o)
(我希望做此事。)

注意

lead加了宾语之后的to可视为不定式符号,接原形动词,但亦可视为介词,接名词或动名词做其宾语。

例:his speech led me to understand the importance of learning english.
= his speech led me to the understanding that it is important to learn english.
(他的演讲引导我了解学英语是重要的。)

注意

allow, permit亦可做完全及物动词,直接用动名词做宾语。

例:they don't allow/permit smoking in the room.
(他们不允许在这房间吸烟。)

注意

注意allow及order加了宾语之后,不定式短语中的主被动变化。

例:he allowed her to do the work.
(他允许她做这件工作。)
比较:she did the work.

例:he allowed the work to be done(by her).
(他允许这件工作[由她]做好。)
比较:the work was done by her.

例:he ordered me to clean the car.
(他命令我清洁这辆车。)
比较:i cleaned the car.

例:he ordered the car to be cleaned(by me).
(他命令要把这辆车[由我]清洁好。)
比较:the car was cleaned by me.