迅速确定下面句子中动词的功能
levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society's ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the bronx, new york, who uses rap to communicate with students. but he talked as well about the “balanced struggle”between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. (1997年考研真题阅读第三篇片断)
解析:
asserted, 后跟宾语,故谓语。
is, 现在时,故谓语。
cited, 后有宾语,故谓语。
uses, 第三人称现在时,故谓语。
to communicate, 非谓语。
talked,不及物,是谓语;再看到talked about可以及物,后面紧跟宾语,故还是谓语。
announced, 后有宾语从句,故谓语。
would launch, 情态动词开头,故谓语。
to develop, 当然非谓语。
*labeling, 我们凭感觉,或凭与distribution形成并列可知是名词性的东西。动词什么时候如何变成了名词,这是后文会讲到的话题,暂且按下不表。
参考译文:莱文坚称“音乐不是社会丑恶现象的根源”,并且还举出他那在纽约布朗克斯任教的儿子为例,他的儿子以说唱的形式与学生交流。但他也谈到了创作自由与社会责任之间要“努力保持平衡”的问题。他宣布,公司将发起一场运动,对可能招致反对的音乐制定各种发行和标识的标准。
a history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. when the united states entered just such a glowing period after the end of the second world war, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. america and americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the europeans and asians whose economies the war had destroyed. (2000年考研真题阅读第一篇片断)
解析:
can be, 情态动词,故谓语。
handled, 及物动词无宾语,故过去分词非谓语。
may become, 情态动词,故谓语。
entered, 后跟宾语(such a glowing period),故谓语。
had, 后跟宾语(a market),故谓语。
were, 过去式,故谓语。
had destroyed, 过去完成,故谓语(注意:此处因为是一定语从句,故destroy的宾语是前面的whose economies)。
*unparalleled, skilled此处已化为形容词。词背叛本阶级的情形暂且不管,到时自会收拾。i promise.
参考译文:拥有一段长且无须努力而成功的历史有可能成为一种可怕的阻碍。但如果处理得当,也许会成为一种动力。二战结束后,美国恰恰进入了这样一段辉煌时期,其市场是任何竞争者的八倍。这为其工业经济提供了无可比拟的规模效应。美国科学家是世界上一流的,其工人也是技术最娴熟的。美国的繁荣和美国人的富有是那些经济被战争摧毁的欧亚诸国做梦也未想到的。
到目前为止,谓语动词基本锁定。长句结构已半在掌握矣。盖动词者,英文句子之脊梁也。纲举目张,最是重要。但重要并不是全部。抓住动词如何意味着长句之一半?且听下回分解。