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指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns)-张道真简明英语语法第十章代词(86)

86.指示代词(Demonstrative Pronouns)

指示代词主要是this,that,these,those,在句中可以用作:

1.主语:
That(This) is what I want to emphasize.
这是我想强调的。

—Is this the bus we want?
—Yes.that's it.
—这是我们要上的车吗?
—是的。

These are the topics we are going to discuss.
这些是我们要谈的问题。

2.宾语:
We should always keep this in mind.
我们应经常记住这一点。

Better put that on the upper shelf.
最好把那放在上面一格内。

Put these (those) in your bag.
把这(那)些放在你书包里。

3.表语:
My idea is this.
我的意思是这样的。

The major difficulties are these.
主要同难是这些。

Winners are those who trained hard.
优胜者是那些辛苦锻炼的人。

4.定语:
How do you think of this (that) idea?
你觉得这(那)个想法怎样?

For these (those) reasons we decided to stay.
为了这些(那些)原因我们决定留下。

These (Those) people are always complaining.
这(那)些人老是在抱怨。

在作定语用时,这些词有的英语字典标作形容词,有的字典标作限定词(determiner),究竟怎样标好,尚需研究。

that和those有时可用来代表前面刚提到过的名词以避免重复这个词:
The best coal is that from Newcastle.
新堡的煤质量最好。

These TV—sets are better than those we turned out last year.
这些电视机比我们去年出的好。

另外those还可用下面这类句子中表示“人”(后面多有一定语修饰):
Those who wish to go may sign up here.
想去的人可在此签名。

Those able to work were given jobs.
能工作的人都分配了工作。