46.情态动词must 和ought
一.must主要用来表示:
1.必须,一定要:
we must be careful.
我们必须小心。
you must show concern for others.
你应关心别人。
must we leave so early?
我们一定要这么早动身吗?
2.一定是(表示肯定的推测):
this must be your room.
这一定是你的房间。
he must have missed the train.
他准是误车了。
she must be worrying about it.
她一定在为这事发愁。
3.must的否定式为must not,常紧缩为mustn't,[msnt],表示“一定不要,不准”:
you mustn't be late again.
你一定不要再迟到了。
we mustn't make so much noise.
我们不要这样吵。
4.在回答带must的问题时不要用mustn't,而要用needn't:
—must i do all these exercises?
—这些练习都要做吗?
—no,you needn't.
—不,不必。
二.ought必须和to连用,表示:
1.应该(意思和should差不多,但口气稍重一些):
we ought to help each other.
我们应当互相帮助。
oughtn't we to try again?
我们难道不该再试试吗?
“ought he to go?”“yes,he ought.”
“他应该去吗?”“应该。”
2.有些可用于被动结构,也可跟不定式的完成或进行形式:
he ought to be criticized.
他应受到批评。
i ought to have helped them.
我本该帮助他们的。
it isn't what i ought to be doing.
这不是我现在该做的事。
3.较肯定的揣测:
she ought to be up now.
她应当已经起床了。
he ought to have received my fax.
他应当已经收到我的传真了。