tang
the tang dynasty （a.d. 618-907）， with its capital at chang'an， is regarded by historians as a high point in chinese civilization——equal， or even superior， to the han period.
its territory， acquired through the military exploits of its early rulers， was greater than that of the han. stimulated by contact with india and the middle east， the empire saw a flowering of creativity in many fields. buddhism became a permanent part of chinese traditional culture. block printing was invented， making the written word available to vastly greater audiences.
the tang period was the golden age of literature and art. a government system supported by a large class of confucian literati selected through civil service examinations was perfected under tang rule.
by the middle of the eighth century a.d.， tang power had ebbed. domestic economic instability and military defeat in 751 by arabs， marked the beginning of five centuries of steady military decline for the chinese empire.
唐
唐朝被历史学家认为是中国文明最辉煌的时期，其文明程度等同甚至高于汉朝。唐朝的首都在长安。
唐朝的疆域在早期统治者的军事扩张下已远远超过了汉朝。在与印度（当时的天竺）和中东的交流中，在他们的促进下，唐朝在许多领域里得到了长足的发展。佛教成为中国传统文化中永久的组成部分。发明了木板印刷术，从而使得大量的读者可以看到手写的文字。
唐朝是文学和艺术的黄金时期。唐朝通过科举制度在全国选出优秀的儒家文人为政府效力，而唐朝的政府体系在儒学官僚的支持之下也日臻完善。
公元8世纪中期，唐朝势力开始衰落。国内经济上的动荡加上751年与阿拉伯作战所造成军事上的重创标志着中国帝国在500年的军事稳定后的衰退。