21.The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
21.众议院有多少投票成员？
Answer:
答案：
Four hundred thirty-five (435)
435
Explanation:
解释：
Americans live all over the United States, but some places are much more popular than others. For example, more than 35 million people live in California, but only about 500,000 people live in Wyoming. One of the challenges (or difficult things to do) in the U.S. government is to let big and small states participate in the government fairly. Is it fair to give both states equal participation in the government? Or should California have more power than Wyoming since it has so many more people?
美国全国各地都有人口居住,但有些地方比其他地方要出名，例如加利福尼亚州有3500万人口，而俄怀明州只有50万人口。美国政府的一大挑战就是让大州和小州公平的参与政府事务。那给每个州同等的参与权算平等吗，还是人口居多的加利福尼亚州应该比俄怀明州有更多的权力？
The people who created the U.S. government decided that they would have to answer ‘yes’ to both questions. They created the Senate, where each state has equal power no matter how big or small it is, and they created the House of Representatives, where states with more people have more power than states with fewer people.
建立美国政府的人会对以上两个问题都回答是。他们成立的参议员是每个州不论大小都有同等的权力，成立众议院是人口多的州比人口少的州有更多的权力。
The House of Representatives currently has 435 representatives, or people who are elected (or chosen by large groups of people) to make decisions for their states. Congress can pass a law to change the total number of representatives if it wants to, but the number hasn’t changed from 435 since 1910. Larger states have more representatives than smaller states do. Right now, California has the most, with 53 representatives. Several of the smallest states, such as Wyoming, Montana, and North and South Dakota, have only one representative each.
众议院现有435名代表或被选举出提本州做决定的人。国会可以变更法律调整众议院人数，但435名的人数从1910年以来一直没有变过。大州比小州有更多的代表。目前，加利福尼亚的代表最多，有53名。有几个小州如俄怀明州，蒙大拿州，北达科他州，南达科他州等都只有一名代表。
The U.S. government does a census every few years, which is an official count of the number of people living in the country. After each census, how many representatives each state gets of the 435 seats (or positions) in the House of Representatives is redone. This means that states that have grown may get more representatives and states that have shrunk (or become smaller) get fewer representatives. This process is called apportionment, which means deciding how something should be shared among many people or, in this case, among many states.
美国政府隔几年做一次人口普查，这是国家官方统计的人口数。每次人口普查后，每个州在435名众议员的占有的职位会做调整，这就意味人口增多的州会有更多的代表而人口减少的州代表数也会减少。这一程序被称为分配，即决定某件东西给众人该怎么分，在这里指给州怎么分代表。
In addition to the 435 representatives, the House also has four delegates who can speak at the meetings but cannot vote. These delegates represent Washington, D.C. (the nation’s capitol), and the country’s territories, which are areas of land that belong to the United States but are not states.
除了435名代表外，众议院还有4名代表，他们可以在会议上发言但不能投票。这几个人代表美国国会大厦和国家边防，这些地方直接属于国家不属于州。
Glossary
词汇
21.The House of Representatives has how many voting members?
21.众议院有多少投票成员？
challenge - something that is difficult to do, but also may be exciting
Challenge—困难但令人激动的事
*Learning a new language is often the greatest challenge while living in another country.
*住在国外学习一门新语言是很有挑战性的。
representative - a person who is elected or chosen to make decisions for another person or for a group of people
Representative—被选举的替他人做决定的人
*If you cannot come to the meeting, please send a representative who can vote for you.
*如果你不能参加会议，请派一个代表过来投票。
census - an official count of the number of people living in an area
Census—一个地区官方的人口统计
*According to the U.S. Census, more than 300 million people live in the United States.
*根据人口普查统计数，超过3亿人口生活在美国。
seat - one of many positions, especially elected positions, in an organization
Seat—一个组织众多选举职位中的一个
*How many seats in the U.S. Congress are currently filled by women?
*美国国会现有多少名女职员？
to shrink - to become smaller in size or number
To shirnk—尺寸或数量表少
*Her jeans shrank after she washed them in very hot water.
*她的牛仔裤在热水中洗完后缩短了。
apportionment - the way that something is shared among many people
Apportionment—多人分享某物的方式
*The head of the new international organization believes that there should be a fairer apportionment of money among people and countries.
*新国际组织的领导认为给人民和国家的资金分配应该更公平。
delegate - representative; a person who is sent to a meeting or for another person
Delegate—代表；由另一人委派并代表其参加会议的人
*Does Guam have a delegate in the U.S. Congress?
*关岛在美国国会有代表吗？
territory - an area of land that belongs to the United States but is not a state
Territory—属于美国但不归州管的土地
*The Virgin Islands are a U.S. territory.
*维尔京群岛是美国领土。