32.Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?
32.部队的总指挥官是谁？
Answer:
答案：
The President
总统
Explanation:
解释：
About 1.5 million Americans are on active duty (or working) in the military, which is the organizations and people who fight to protect a country. Who is the leader of all these organizations and people? It is the president of the United States, who is also known as the Commander-in-Chief, or the top leader of the military.
美国有约150万在役军人，他们是保护国家的群体。这些部队军人的领导是谁呢？是美国的总统，他是最高指挥官，或部队的最高领导。
The U.S. military is sometimes called the U.S. Armed Forces. It has five main parts: the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, and Coast Guard. The Army mostly fights on land while the Navy and the Marines fight with boats and the Air Force fights mostly with planes. Finally, the Coast Guard is more involved in protecting America’s coastline, which is the part of land next to the ocean. These five parts work together to protect the United States, but they need strong leaders to be able to work together effectively or well.
美国部队有时也被称为美国武装部队，其主要有5部分：陆军，海军，海军陆战队，空军和海岸警卫队。陆军主要在陆地作战，海军和海军陆战队用船只作战，空军主要用飞机作战，最后，海岸警卫队主要是保护美国的海岸线，即与海洋接壤的陆地部分。这5各部分协同作战保护美国，但需要有强势领导有效协调分工。
Each of the five parts of the U.S. Armed Forces has many commanders and other leaders, but the president as Commander-in-Chief outranks (or has more power than) any of them. As Commander-in-Chief, the president can tell the Armed Forces where to go and when. The president can even lead the Armed Forces on the battlefield, or where the fighting actually takes place. However, presidents rarely do that because they know that the leaders of the Armed Forces have more military experience and knowledge than they do. In fact, only two presidents have ever used their power as Commander-in-Chief to actually lead soldiers (or the people who fight in a war) onto the battlefield. These were presidents George Washington and James Madison.
美国武装部队的每一部分都有指挥官和其他领导，但总统是总指挥官，级别高于其他人。最为总指挥官，总统有权派遣武装部队的去向以及时间，总统甚至可以直接在战场领导武装部队。但是，总统很少会这样做，因为他知道武装部队的领导到门更有部队作战经验和知识。实际上，只有2位总统在战场上使用最高指挥官权力领导士兵，这2位总统是乔治.华盛顿和詹姆斯.麦迪逊
Some people think that the Commander-in-Chief has too much power to make and fight wars. Especially with America’s recent war on terror (or fear caused by another group of people through violence), many people would like to limit the types of things that the president can do when fighting against terrorists.
有些人认为最高指挥官拥有发动战争权力过大，尤其是美国最近的反恐战争，许多人希望限制总统在反恐战争中的一些权力。
Glossary
词汇
32.Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?
32.部队的总指挥官是谁？
on active duty - working in the police or military
On active duty—在警局或部队工作
*The police officer is on active duty every weekday evening.
*警官每周末晚上都值班。
military - the people and organizations who fight for a country, usually to protect it
Military—通常为保护国家而战的人或组织
*How many guns does the U.S. military own?
*美国部队拥有的枪支数量是多少？
commander-in-chief - the person who leads a country's military (in the United States, this is the president)
Commander-in-chief—领导国家部队的人（在美国是总统）
*The Commander-in-Chief makes the most important decisions during a war.
*战争中总指挥官做最重要的决定。
coastline - the part of land next to the ocean
Coastline—临近海洋的陆地部分
*The United States has two coastlines: one along the Pacific Ocean and another along the Atlantic Ocean.
*美国有两条海岸线：一条沿着太平洋另一条沿着大西洋。
to outrank (someone) - to have more power than another person in the same organization; to have a higher position than another person in the same organization
To outrank (someone)—同一组织中比另一人有更大的权力；同一组织中比另一人拥有更高的职位
*In our army, a commander outranks a sergeant.
*我们部队中中校比中士地位高。
battlefield - a place where the fighting actually happens, especially in a war
Battlefield—战争中实际战斗发生地
*Have you ever visited the battlefield at Gettysburg in Pennsylvania?
*你去参观过宾夕法尼亚州的葛底斯堡战场吗？
soldier - a person who fights in the military; a person who fights in a war
Soldier—部队中战斗的人；战争中作战的人
*The soldiers had to carry heavy backpacks and guns as they walked through the jungle.
*士兵们在丛林中行走时还要背着沉重的背包和枪支。
terror - fear caused by another group of people because of violence or the possibility of violence
Terror—因另一组织的暴力或暴力侵向引起的恐惧
*The rebels created terror in the city by bombing apartment buildings and shopping centers.
*反叛者炸毁公寓建筑，商贸中心，引发了市区的恐慌。