35.What does the President’s Cabinet do?
35.总统内阁是做什么的？
Answer:
答案：
Advises the President
给总统建议
Explanation:
解释：
Being the president of the United States is a big job and our Founding Fathers (or the people who created the U.S. government) knew that one person couldn’t do everything alone. That’s why the president has the U.S. Cabinet, usually just called the Cabinet. The Cabinet is a group of people who advise (or give advice, information, and ideas) to the president on many important issues. The president can use their advice to make decisions while leading the country. Because of this, Cabinet members have very important and powerful roles (or jobs) in U.S. government since they can influence the president’s decisions.
当美国总统是一份很重要的工作，建国元首们知道总统一个人做不来，于是总统就有了美国内阁，通常称内阁。内阁主要是在一些要事上给总统提建议，总统可以在领导国家时听取他们的建议做决定，正因如此，内阁成员可以影响总统的决定，他们的角色是非常重要并且有权威性的。
Under our first president, George Washington, the Cabinet was very small and it had only four members. Since then, the Cabinet has grown a lot. Today the Cabinet has 15 people, who are referred to as secretaries, such as the Secretary of Energy and the Secretary of Agriculture. The most recent addition to the Cabinet in 2006 is the Secretary of Homeland Security, whose job it is to keep Americans safe. The Constitution (or the country’s most important legal document) does not say how large the Cabinet should be, so Congress can add or remove members as the country’s needs change.
第一届总统乔治.华盛顿时期，内阁很小，只有4名成员，之后，内阁增加人数。今天内阁已有15名成员，他们被称为部长，如能源部长，农业部长等。内阁最新一次增加成员是在2006年，是保护美国安全的家园安全部长一职。宪法没有规定内阁的规模，因此国会可以根据国家的需求增加或减少内阁成员。
Cabinet members are appointed to their positions. This means that they are first nominated by the president (or the president gives the members’ name to Congress) and then they must be confirmed (or approved) or rejected by the Senate. Almost anyone can become a Cabinet member. The only restriction or limitation is that Cabinet members are not allowed to be Senators, Representatives, or governors simultaneously (or at the same time) while they are serving (or working) in the Cabinet.
内阁成员都是任命的，即他们先由总统提名，然后由参议院决定。几乎每个人都可以成为内阁成员，唯一的限制是内阁成员不能是参议员，众议员或现任州长。
The Cabinet members are in the line of succession (or the plan for who will become president if something happens to him or her). After the president come the vice-president, the speaker of the House, and the president of the Senate, and then the secretary of state and other members of the Cabinet, in the order of their ranking (or importance).
内阁成员是总统后继人选，总统之后是副总统，众议院发言人，参议院院长，然后是州长和其他内阁成员，按其级别进行排列。
Glossary
词汇
35.What does the President’s Cabinet do?
35.总统内阁是做什么的？
cabinet - a group of people who give advice, information, and ideas to the U.S. president on many important issues
Cabinet—在要事上给美国总统提建议，信息和理念的一组人
*Being a cabinet member and having the president ask you for advice would be very exciting.
*成为内阁成员给总统提建议一定很激动吧。
to advise - to give advice, information, and ideas about how another person should do something or think about something
To advise—关于另一人如何做事或想事给出建议，信息和理念
*The career counselor advises students on how to pick a college.
*职业生涯规划师为学生选择学校给出了建议。
secretary - one of the 15 people in the Cabinet
Secretary—15名内阁成员中的一员
*The U.S. Secretary of the Interior is responsible for the National Park Service.
*美国内务部长是负责国家公园服务的。
appointed - chosen for and given a position by someone with a lot of power
Appointed—由权力很大的人选择并提供的职位
*Has a new judge been appointed yet?
*新法官任命了吗？
to nominate - to say that one wants someone to work in a particular position or to have a particular title, prize, or award
To nominate—某人希望另一人在特定职位工作或获得特定头衔，奖励
*Who did you nominate for our team's "most valuable player" award?
*你提名谁为咱们队的“最有价值队员“了？
to confirm - to approve a nomination; to give a position, job, or award to someone who has been nominated for it
To confirm—同意提名；给被提名人提供职位，工作或奖励
*How many of the president's nominees were confirmed by Congress?
*国会通过了多少总统的提名？
simultaneously - at the same time
Simultaneously—同时
*I don’t know how you can study, listen to music, talk on the phone, and watch TV simultaneously.
*我不知道学习，听音乐，打电话，看电视是怎么同时进行的。
line of succession - the plan for who will become the next person to work in a particular job when the current person can no longer do the job
Line of succesion—现任人员不能胜任工作时计划的下一位接替工作的人
*What would happen if everyone in the U.S. presidential line of succession died at the same time?
*如果美国总统的接任人都死了会发生什么？
ranking - importance; one's place in a list, usually from best to worst, most to least, and so on
Ranking—重要；一个人在名单上的排名，一般是由好到坏，由多到少等
*The the surprise of everyone, the athlete with the highest ranking didn’t win the competition.
*出乎所有人意料，最有希望的运动员没能赢得比赛。