42.Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
42.宪法中有些权力是属于州的，这些权力是什么？
Answer:
答案：
Provide schooling and educationGive a driver’s license
●提供学校和教育 ●发放驾照
Provide protection (police) Approve zoning and landuse
●提供保护（警察） ●通过区域划分和土地使用
Provide safety (fire departments)
●提供安全（消防部）
Explanation:
解释：
Sometimes people who come to the United States from other countries are surprised by the differences among individual states. Things that are legal (or allowed by law) in one state may not be legal in another! Many of the things that are determined (or decided) at a national level in other countries are determined at the state level in the United States. Let’s take a look at some of the powers that states have.
有时候外国人去美国会为每个州的差别感到吃惊，一个州合法的事情到了另一个州可能就不合法了！其他国家的许多事情是由国家层面决定的，不过在美国却是由州决定的。下面让我们看一下州拥有的权力。
First, states have the power to provide schooling and education. The United States does not have a national educational system. Each state can establish (or create) its own requirements. This means that a student in a school in one state may study different things from a student in another state even though those two students are the same age and in the same grade. That is why high schools in some states require that their students study foreign languages or complete three years of math, while high schools in other states don’t have those requirements.
第一，州有提供学校和教育的权力。美国没有国家教育系统，每个州可以自己建立要求，也就是说同龄同级的但在不同的两个州的学生学的东西可能不一样，这就是为什么有些州的高中要求学生学外语或完成3年数学学习，但其他州就没有这些哟求。
States also have the power to provide protection for the people who live there, and they do this by having state police forces (or groups of people and organizations that protect ordinary people). The federal (or national) government has an army for fighting internationally, but the states have the police to take care of problems within the state. Individual cities can have police forces, too.
州还有为居住在本地的居民提供保护的权力，他们有州警察局。联邦政府有为国家而战的部队，但州有处理本州问题的警察。独立的城市也可以有自己的警备力量。
Each of the fifty states are also responsible for providing safety for the people who live there. They do this by having firefighters who can put out (or end) fires when they get out of control.
50个州还各自负责区域内居民的安全。每州配备的消防员就是在火情失控时灭火的。
Driver’s licenses (or permission to drive a car) are under the domain (or responsibility) of the states. Each state can decide who is allowed to get a driver’s license, and those driver’s licenses look different in each state. There is no national driver’s license in the United States.
驾照的发放也是州的职责。每个州都有权决定谁可以拿到驾照，并且驾照在每个州都是不同的，国家不能发放驾照
Finally, individual states have the power to approve zoning and land use, or the rules for what kinds of things the land can be used for, such as for housing, business, or parks. The federal government cannot tell the states how to use their own land unless there is federal land within a state.
最后，州还有通过区域划分和土地使用的权力，或土地该做什么用途的规定，如住房，商业或公园。联邦政府没有权力告知州如何使用土地，除非它在该州有联邦土地。
Glossary
词汇
42.Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?
42.宪法中有些权力是属于州的，这些权力是什么？
to determine - to decide; to identify
To determine—决定；确定
*The education department determined that students would do better if they were in smaller classes.
*教育部决定学生小班教学会更好。
to establish - to create; to start; to form
To establish—创建；开始；形成
*The university was established in 1924.
*这所大学创建于1924年。
police force - a group of people and organizations that protect ordinary people from crime
Police force—保护平民于犯罪的人或组织
*In general, people in our state feel safer in the cities with large police forces.
*总的来说我们州的人感觉待在有强大警力的市区更安全。
federal - national; related to the entire country
Federal—国家的；与整个国家有关的
*Most of the United States' most important federal buildings are in Washington, DC.
*美国最重要的联邦建筑大部分位于华盛顿。
to put out - to end something, especially a fire
To put out—结束某事，尤其是火
*Ingot put out the kitchen fire by pouring water on the stove.
*英格特用水扑灭了厨房炉子上的火。
driver’s license - a card that gives one permission to drive a car, usually with one’s picture on it
Driver’s license—允许某人开车的卡片，通常上面带有本人照片
*Most Americans can get a driver's license when they are 16 years old.
*大部分美国人16岁就能拿到驾照。
domain - responsibility; the area where someone or something is in control
Domain—责任；某人或某事控制的区域
*Do you think that cooking and laundry are only a woman's domain?
*你觉得做饭洗衣是女人的职责吗?
zoning - land use; the way that land may be used for specific purposes
Zoning—土地使用；土地被用于特定目的的范式
*According to the new zoning laws, this is an industrial district.
*根据新分区法，这儿是工业园区。