45.What are the two major political parties in the United States?
45.美国的两大政党是什么？
Answer:
答案：
Democratic and Republican
民主党和共和党
Explanation:
解释：
More than 300 million people live in the United States and they have many different opinions about how the government should be. If each of them voted independently (or alone, not paying attention to what other people are doing), then it would be very difficult to predict (or know ahead of time) how our government would be, and no one would be able to have very much power in American government. However, our country has many political parties (or organized groups of people who have similar political opinions and try to get power in the government) that people can be affiliated with (or connected to as a member).
美国有3亿多人口，他们对政府是怎样的有不同意见。如果每个人都独立投票，那么很难预测我们的政府会是什么样的，没人会在美国政府拥有很多权力。不过我们国家有很过政党，人们可以成为政党成员。
The two biggest political parties are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The Democratic Party is more liberal, believing that wealth (or money) should be shared among all people and that the government should make laws to help this happen, even if that means having higher taxes (or money paid to the government) so it can give help and services to everyone. The Democratic Party is also left-leaning socially, emphasizing (or giving importance to) protecting the environment, equal (or the same) rights for all people, and other social issues.
最大的两个政党是民主党和共和党。民主党更自由些，相信财富应为所有人享有，政府也应该制定相关法律，即使这意味着通过高税收帮助和服务所有人。民主党也是社会上的左倾派，强调保护环境，所有人权利平等和其他的社会问题。
The Republic Party is economically conservative, believing that the economy should operate freely with little government intervention (or involvement). The Republican Party favors (or supports) low taxes and less control and influence by the federal (or national) government. The Republicans also emphasize traditional values, such as strong families, little immigration, and the right for individuals to own guns.
共和党是经济保守派，相信经济应当自由运转，政府要少干涉。共和党支持联邦政府的低税收，少控制和影响。共和党还强调传统价值观，如强大的家庭，少移民和个人持枪的权力。
The Democratic Party is symbolized (or represented in a picture or image) by a donkey, which is an animal that is similar to a small, strong horse. The Republican Party is symbolized by an elephant. The parties are also symbolized by colors, with blue for the Democratic Party and red for the Republican Party. For example, a blue state is a state where most people vote for the Democratic Party and a red state is a state where most people vote for the Republican Party. After an important election, newspapers usually print maps of the country with blue and red states to show where each party won.
民主党派由驴做象征，共和党由大象做象征。两个党派还有颜色象征，蓝色代表民主党，红色代表共和党，例如，蓝色州即表示大部分人投票支持民主党，红色州表示大部分人支持共和党。重要选举之后，报社通常会在国家地图上以蓝色和红色显示哪个政党胜出。
Glossary
词汇
45.What are the two major political parties in the United States?
45.美国的两大政党是什么？
independently - alone, without paying attention to what other people are doing
Independently—单独地，不在乎他人做的事情
*Do you prefer working independently or as part of a team?
*你喜欢独立工作还是和团队一起？
to predict - to know something ahead of time; to believe that something will happen in the future
To predict—提前知道某事；相信某事在未来会发生
*Nobody predicted how much the Internet would change the way that people communicate with each other.
*没人能预言互联网对人与人之间沟通带来的变化。
political party - a group of people who have the same political beliefs and belong to the same political organization
Political party—多人有相同的政治信仰并属于同意政治组织
*Jessica likes the Democratic political party because it cares about protecting the natural environment.
*杰西卡喜欢民主党，因为它关心自然环境的保护。
affiliated with (something) - connected to an organization as a member
Affiliated with （something）—作为成员与组织关联的
*Many people who work in advertising are affiliated with the American Marketing Association.
*很多在广告行业工作的人都是美国市场协会的成员。
liberal - believing that wealth (or money) should be shared among all people and that the government should make laws to help this happen, even if that means having higher taxes (or money paid to the government) so that everyone can receive help and services
Liberal—相信财富应为所有人享有，政府也应该制定相关法律，即使这意味着通过高税收帮助和服务所有人
*Only a very liberal voter would want to increase taxes by 50% to help the homeless.
*只有极端的自由派选民才希望将税收增加50%来帮助无家可归的人。
left-leaning - interested in social issues that liberals care about, like the environment and equal human rights
Left-leaning—对自由派关心的社会问题感兴趣，如环境和人权平等
*Greenpeace is an environmental organization that has a lot of left-leaning members.
*绿色和平是一个环境组织，里面有很多左翼成员。
to emphasize (something) - to give importance to something; to focus on or highlight something
To emphasize (sonething)—给出某事的重要性；关注或强调某事
*Her parents always emphasized the importance of getting a college education.
*她的父母总是强调大学教育的重要性。
conservative - believing that the economy should operate freely with little government intervention (or involvement), supporting lower taxes, and less control and influence by the federal (or national) government.
Conservative—相信经济应当自由运转，政府要少干涉，支持低税收和联邦政府的少控制
*He's a conservative politician, so he'll probably vote to lower taxes.
*他是个保守派政治家，所以可能会投票选择低税收。
traditional values - things that have historically been very important to people, like strong families, little immigration, and the right to own guns
Traditional values—历史上对人类非常重要的事情，如抢的家庭，少移民和枪支拥有权
*Therese believes that many people who go to church every Sunday have traditional values.
*特雷泽相信很多每周日去教堂的人都有传统价值观。
symbolized - represented by a picture, image, or something else
Symbolized—通过图片，影响或其他形式表现的
*Love is often symbolized by a red rose.
*红玫瑰代表爱。