52.What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
52.我们向什么说效忠宣言表明忠诚？
Answer:
答案：
The United States
●美国
The flag
●国旗
Explanation:
解释：
“I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. ”
“我宣誓效忠美国国旗和代表的国家，上帝之下的一个国家，不可分割，人人享有自由和正义.”
Probably almost all Americans can recite (or say without reading) this pledge (or promise) of allegiance (or loyalty). When we say the Pledge of Allegiance, we are promising to be loyal to the United States and its flag, which is a piece of fabric that represents the country. The United States flag has red and white stripes and there is a blue square that has 50 white stars. The Pledge of Allegiance reminds us that we must love our country and should not do anything to hurt it.
几乎所有的美国人都会背这段效忠宣誓。当我们说效忠宣誓时，我们就是在承诺对美国和国旗的忠诚。美国国旗由红色和白色的条纹，还有蓝色区域的50个白色星星组成。效忠宣言让我们铭记我们必须要热爱我们的国家，不能做任何有害国家的事情。
When Americans say the Pledge of Allegiance, they must stand up, look at the flag, and put their right hand over their heart, on the left side of their chest. Let’s look at the words of the pledge of allegiance in more depth (or detail).
美国人说效忠宣言时必须要站起来，看着国旗，将右手放在心处，胸膛的左侧。下面让我们更深入的看一下效忠宣言的句子。
The Pledge of Allegiance begins by saying, “I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America…"This means that we promise to be loyal to the United States flag. The Pledge continues, “…and to the Republic for which it stands....” A republic is a country or nation with an elected president and representatives, so we are promising to be loyal not only to the flag, but also to the country that the flag represents - in this case, the United States.
效忠宣言的开头句是”我向美国国旗宣誓...“，意思是说我们承诺对美国国旗忠诚。宣言的下一句是“...和代表的国家...”，共和国是有总统和代表的国家或民族，所以我们承诺不仅对国旗忠诚，还有对国旗所代表的国家忠诚，在这里共和国就指美国。
Then the Pledge says, “…one Nation under God….” This means that our country is one united nation (made of one piece, without many separate parts) and that God is watching over (or taking care of) the country. Then the Pledge says that our nation is “indivisible (or cannot be divided into smaller pieces), with liberty and justice for all.” Liberty is freedom and justice is fairness in the law.
宣言的接下来说“...上帝之下的一个国家...”，意思是我们的国家一个联合的有上帝护佑的国家。宣言的后一句是说我们的国家“不可分割，人人享有自由和正义。”自主是自由，正义是法律的公正。
Most Americans learn to recite the Pledge of Allegiance when they are very young, reciting the Pledge every morning before classes begin in school. As adults, we don’t say the Pledge of Allegiance very often, but it is used for special occasions, like when people from other countries become U.S. citizens.
大部分美国人在小时候就会被效忠宣言，从学校开始每天在上课前都要背。成年人不经常说效忠宣言，但在特殊情况下会用，如其他国家的人成为美国公民时。
Glossary
词汇
52.What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?
52.我们向什么说效忠宣言表明忠诚？
to recite - to say something from memory, without reading it; to say or repeat something
To recite—不用看而凭记忆说出某事；重复某事
*Can you recite any poems from memory?
*你能试着背一首诗吗？
pledge - a promise; something that one says one will do
Pledge—承诺；某人说要做的事
*When he became a doctor, he pledged to take care of all his patients equally.
*他当医生后承诺会公平对待每一位病人。
allegiance - loyalty; faithfulness to something; always giving or showing strong support to someone or something
Allegiance—忠诚；对某物诚实；对某人或某事永远支持
*Soldiers used to show allegiance to their king by fighting well in battles.
*士兵们曾向国王宣誓会在战争中英勇战斗。
flag - a colored piece of fabric, usually a rectangle, that represents the country
Flag—一块彩色的织物，通常是长方形的，代表国家
*The flag of Peru is red and white.
*秘鲁的国旗是红色和白色的。
republic - a country or nation
Republic—国家或民族
*When did the Republic of Macedonia become an independent country?
*马其顿共和国是什么时候独立的？
united - made of one piece, without many separate parts; joined
United—由一整块组成，没有独立的部分；联合的
*The teachers made a united effort to improve students' reading skills.
*老师们共同努力提高学生的阅读能力。
to watch over (something) - to take care of something; to be responsible for something
To watch over (something)—关心某事；负责某事
*Who is going to watch over the kids when you go to the movies tomorrow night?
*你明天晚上去看电影孩子有谁来照顾呢？
indivisible - cannot be divided into smaller pieces; cannot be separated or pulled apart
Indivisible—不能被分割成小块；不能被分离或分开
*The principal didn’t like seeing students form indivisible social groups, with students not making friends outside of their own group.
*校长不喜欢学生形成本科分割的社会群体，他们不会与其他群体的学生交朋友。
liberty - freedom
Liberty—自由
*When Americans fought for freedom, many of them shouted, "Give me freedom or give me death!"
*美国人争取自由时很多人会喊“给我自由或给我死亡！”。
justice - fairness in the law; being fair and reasonable
Justice—法律的公正；公正的合理的
*Do you think there is justice is sending thieves to prison for the rest of their lives?
*你觉得将小偷判无期徒刑公平吗？